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Fig. 3 shows that the adherend mass increases by about 1 wt% at climate ISO 1110 and by about 2.4 wt% in climate DIN EN ISO 6270-2 .These data show the moisture content of the whole composite as volume moisture.
For both pretreatment methods the adherend mass reduction during treatment time was recorded.
This adherend mass reduction is an indicator for the intended surface drying process.
A further increase of starting reactions induces a reduction of chain length of the polymerization adhesive.

Results and Discussion For data processing, a set of five tensile experiments were conducted for improved accuracy for each of the compositions to analyze the mechanical properties of the blends.
A reduction of 11.1% was noticed for the sample prepared with 0 wt% compared to the pure unprocessed PLA filament, which has a failure strain of 5.2%.
Moreover, reduced ductility of 12.6% was detected for the prepared sample at 5 wt% silica addition and a further reduction of 15.3% at 10 wt%.
The level of the reduction for failure strain (i.e., ductility) was around 11.1% for both the materials prepared at 0 wt% and 15 wt%, implying a similar structure in terms of the material.

The material reuse business model impacts the value creation for the partners involved in the network: the use of secondary materials can allow cost savings if the price is steady (but it can also imply high costs due to logistics or labor); the recovery and reuse innovative processes can promote employment creation; it results in the reduction of the overall life cycle costs related to the value chain; the reduced environmental impacts can improve the corporate image [8].
The geographic proximity allows the use of local infrastructure and the reduction of logistics cost, but exchanges along a supply chain (depending also by the type and value of the waste or by-product stream) can make synergies and exchanges advantageous over long distances [11].
Dimension Nr Key enabler Yes/Not Social S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Trust environment Environmental awareness Spontaneous and self-organized approach Internal and external network of the relation between companies Community Awareness & Education Activities Programs Y N Y N N Economic E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 Operational cost reduction New business opportunities Identification of saving in the waste management National funding Private contribution Y Y Y Y N Policy P1 P2 P3 P4 Promotion of the industrial policy Environmental tax policy Promotion of network and waste market Promotion of framework for CE Y Y N Y Management M1 M2 M3 Promotion of protocols and formal agreements Diversification of the traditional business approach Promotion of spontaneous negotiation “one-to-one negotiations” N Y Y Technological T1 T2 T3 T4 Facilities that allow the technological viability of synergy Improving the process, incorporation of technologies Network Promotion Digitization
Apart from some adaptation of the production plants to the innovative industrial processes, the technology improvement will allow better control of production processes, data availability, wastes and resources.

The use of such MMC enables to reduce the weight of parts and structural elements by 15-50% and to increase one-and-a-half times or twice as much their rigidity as compared to similar metal materials (for example, steel, titanium and aluminum alloys), thus enhancing the effectiveness, design reliability and the considerable reduction of operating costs as compared to polymer composites [1–6].
An originally used titanium alloy (Ti-6-4) clutch was replaced with an Al – SiC-based MCM; on Intercity-Express trains disks made of an Al – SiC-based MCM are currently used instead of cast-iron brake discs resulting in the reduction of a train set weight by 10 tons [3, 7].
Analog material Duralcan W6D22A One of the advantages such as the reduction in the cost of initial materials results from the disuse of powder components.
Papers [15–23] contain the review of literary data on the fuse welding of aluminum-alloys matrix composite materials dispersion-reinforced by particles or whiskers of silicon carbide, boron, titanium, aluminum oxide and silicon nitride.

The reduction of band gap calculated from GGA-PBEsol is about 1.72 eV while the reduction of the experimental band gap is about 0.55 eV.
The reduction of energy gap can shift the optical absorption into the longer wavelength region due to the receiving of more photons in Nd-doped TiO2.
At the same time, the theoretical results provide useful data to explain the improvement of DSSC efficiency as reported from experimental study.

The tests reveal the reduction of the grain size up to 73% and up to 5% of the porosity.
The yield strength increased with 22%, the ultimate tensile strength increased with 33%, the elongation increased with 20%, while the medium reduction of the grain size was approx. 28%.
The tests data obtained by Dybowski et al. were for AlSi7Mg sand casting alloy and offered the possibility to compare these two types of casting.
Porosity reduction involves an increase of compactness of the cast material, which can be provided by vibrated casting.

This statement is also consistent with the measured data of Fig. 1.
Moreover, the increase of the rotating frequency accelerates the motion of the liquid phase and contributes to more homogeneous of solute composition, which results in the reduction of the deviation between the average solute composition in local area and the primary solute composition of liquid phase.
RMF causes the gain refine, and therefore the reduction of the diffusion length.
Thus, RMF promotes the fluid flow, and which leads to the diffusion of the atoms in liquid solute and the reduction of the diffusion layer thickness.

Despite this reduction, the expansion presented is still high.
In the mix with glass powder as mineral addition (R-CA + 80OPC + 20GP), a greater reduction in the expansion is observed when compared with the R-CA mix, even though the expansion value still exceeds the limit of ASTM C 1567-08.
This reduction was also observed when comparing with the R-CA 20 mix, which could be due to the pozzolanicity of the GP (Table 1).
Conclusion The data presented in this paper show that there is a potential use in waste glass for cementitious materials, as aggregate or as pozzolan.

Comparably, in 2005 Delaware University employed a 5-bar mechanism for generating a prescribed wing motion taken from a hawk moth kinematic flight data by Banala et al [13].
The great improvement of weight reduction is done by the electrical discharge wire cutting (EDWC) technique on the gear transmission module [18].
This 2-stage reduction mechanism has a reduction ratio of 26.67 to greatly transform the 24,000 rpm rotation speed of a high-speed DC motor to the 15 Hz wingbeating for MAVs.

Reduction of fuel consumption and engine emissions are very important design goals today.
It has been controversially debated for a long time, whether this effect is responsible for the TCP-phase fraction reduction in 4th generation superalloys.
Based on literature data, we assume that the chosen parameter changes represent the maximum possible effect of Ru.
For example, [7] found a reduction of the γ’-phase fraction by Ru, while [5,25] could not find any in other alloys.