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Viewing from the existing literatures [1]-[4], with the join of the pulsed electric current, it can significantly refine the grain structure and improve the macroscopic property of materials.
With its roles of purifying the molten steel, refining the grain, reducing the composition segregation and micro-alloying and etc., it can improve the quality of steel products[5-7].
However, as for the 2# sample of adding 4V pulsed electric field (Figure 7-b), the number and size of inclusions have declined, and main inclusions include metal sulfides with diameter about 10um.

These crystals exhibited a domain structure with the single-crystal grains exceeding 10 mm in dimension and the dislocation density locally less than ~104 cm-2.
Without the buffer, individual hexagonal sub-grains appeared on the surface resulting in the crystal quality degradation.
Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 3 distribution in the powder (referred to in Fig. 4 as optimal conditions) is favorable for stable long-term source operation.

On the other hand, there are an increasing number of studies which use synchrotron radiation sources, whose high intensity allow in-situ measurements to follow structural evolutions in real time.
Father annealing causes a resistance drop to a minimum at 1.7 A, while XRD spectra show the nucleation and growth of � Fe nanocrystals, with grain sizes of about 10 nm, and increasing crystalline volume fraction in this current range.
A similar behavior was observed for the Fe-B-Si-Ni-Mo alloy, with the beginning of structural ordering shifted to a higher current value (1.4 A), and the formation of larger �-Fe grains, about 40 nm in size.

Analysis of Magnetron-Deposited Titanium Oxynitride Coatings by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman Scattering ARYSHEVA Galina V.а, IVANOVA Nina M.b, KONISHCHEV Maksim E.c, PUSTOVALOVA Alla A.d, SYPCHENKO Vladimidr S.e National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenina avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia aallli@sibmail.com, bivanovanina91@mail.ru, cmkonishchev@gmail.com, dallusik888@mail.ru, esypchenko@tpu.ru Keywords: titanium oxide and oxynitride, biocompatible coatings, magnetron sputtering, morphology, grain size, Raman scattering Abstract.
Classification of the samples by modes TiNxOy deposition of coatings on a substrate of stainless steel 316L Group number Coating Deposition time coverage [min] Bias voltage [V] Ratio of the partial pressure of gases p(O2)/p(N2) 1 TiO2 180 0 - 2 TiNxOy 90 0 1/1 3 TiNxOy 90 0 1/3 4 TiO2 180 -100 - 5 TiNxOy 90 -100 1/1 6 TiNxOy 90 -100 1/3 For scanning electron microscopy we used a scanning electron microscope type ESEM Quanta 400 FEG from FEI, equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX; EDS analysis system Genesis 4000), operating in high vacuum.

The grain size is ranged between (1.814 and 3.456 nm).
Table (1): The parameters obtained from x-ray diffraction pattern are: the FWHM, the spacing between atoms, the grain size, and the diffraction planes for CdSe/CdS nanoparticles Which indicates that the crystal is cubic phase structure. 2Ɵ(degree) FWHM (degree) dhkl C.S(nm) hkl 25.75 6.51 3.456976 1.251793 111 43.05 3.41 2.099441 2.504364 220 50.25 2.25 1.814202 3.899778 311 EDX spectra of CdSe/CdS Qds Fig. (5) presents energy dispersive spectra of CdSe/CdS nanoparticles which declares the chemical purity and the samples stoichiometry.
Scientific Reports volume 7, Article number: 14104 (2017) [22] R Lopez-Delgado et.al.

If the n relation goes to infinity than he trajectory of possible realizations is the curve with number 8.
If the shape parameters are equal, there is the graph with number 1.
This area is located above the graph with the number 1 that is built when the shape parameters are equal.
Ganshu, Geometrical parameters of grains of grinding powder of silicon carbide black 54CF60 produced by the Volga abrasive plant, Modern problems of science and education 3 (2014)
Smirnov, The use of laser diffraction to determine the particle size of fillers and press-powders in the production of fine-grained graphite, Industrial Laboratory.

Abstract: the porous carbon solid (mean pore size 0.1µm ; porosity 32%) was prepared by pyrolysis of composite paste of phenolic resin/AC with a mass ratio (1/1) and a mean grain size of AC of 2.28 µm.
Indeed, the number of molecules increases and accumulates in the same space.

If the ratio of the linear growth of crystal nucleus and the number of nucleation in unit time and volume don’t change with overheating when the amorphous alloys crystallize over the critical crystallization temperature T0, in the process of phase transition, growth and diffusion mechanism are obeyed.
(1) G: linear growth rate of crystal nucleus; N: the number of nucleation in unit time and volume; : the amount of formed grain; : heating rate; t: overheating- difference between critical equilibrium phase transition temperature and actual phase transition temperature.
Fig.2 DSC curves of imported amorphous ribbons Fig.3 DSC curves of domestic amorphous ribbons In the process of diffusible solid phase transition, both the linear growth rate of crystal nucleus and the number of nucleation increase with the temperature.

This result indicates that hydrogen is doped in a-InAsSb thin film as interstitial atoms and promotes reuniting of crystal grains while sputtering.
There are two strong and broad bands at the wave number of 1100cm-1 and 1460cm-1as shown in Fig. 2.
Moreover we propose that the increase of dark conductivity and decrease of photo-sensitivity are due to an increase of the number of distorted and broken bonds in the interface between the c-InAsSb clusters and the amorphous matrix.
Moreover increase of dark conductivity and decreases of photo-sensitivity because of an increase of the number of distorted and broken bonds in the interface between the c-InAsSb clusters and the amorphous matrix.

Table 1 Quality index measurement of coarse aggregate The coarse aggregate gradation Crushing index Elongated and flaky particles content Mud content Accordance with continuous grain composition requirement between 5～25mm 13.6 per. 4.9 per. 0.8 per.
Table 4 Mechanical property test mix proportion Number Coarse aggregate/kg Water addition/kg Base material/kg Water /Base material 1 15 13 100 0.13 2 25 13 100 0.13 3 15 14 100 0.14 4 25 14 100 0.14 5 15 15 100 0.15 6 25 15 100 0.15 We use a special small-sized mixer to mix DSCC mixing materia[6], the feeding sequence like this: mixing base material and coarse aggregate uniformly first, adding water, continuing stirring until the mixture materials uniformly, stirring for 3～5min, putting the mixing materias into the square steel mould with 150mm side length.
Table 5 The compressive strength and cleavage strength test results of DSCC Number Apparent density (kg/m3) fcu /MPa σfcu /MPa δfcu /MPa fsp /MPa σfsp /MPa δfsp /MPa fsp/fcu 1 2 156 53.3 4.57 8.52 4.95 0.40 8.41 0.093 2 2 309 57.3 5.15 9.01 5.41 0.48 9.46 0.094 3 2 316 56.0 4.72 8.28 5.48 0.35 8.11 0.098 4 2 345 55.8 4.61 8.42 5.16 0.35 8.63 0.092 5 2 295 42.8 3.65 8.61 4.36 0.42 8.11 0.102 6 2 307 43.2 4.00 9.33 4.19 0.43 9.50 0.097 Anti-carbonization experimental study on the performance of DSCC Test method.
Table 6 Anti-carbonization ability of concrete measuring data results(mm) Number 3d 7d 14d 28d GB15 3.4 4.7 4.9 6.1 GB25 3.7 5.1 6.3 6.6 PT 4.6 6.7 8.5 9.1 Injection.