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Online since: July 2011
Authors: Ai Jun Li, Zheng Li
It seems that reduction of energy intensity in current China cannot be easily realized as we previously imagine[1-2].
The base-year data are used for calibration.
Only through promoting energy-saving technological progress, effective reduction of energy intensity can be implemented in the process of urbanization in China.
Online since: July 2007
Authors: Satoru Kobayashi, Dierk Raabe, Stefan Zaefferer
After obtaining fine grains of 70-80 µm in diameter by hot rolling at 800 °C to a reduction of 65 % and an annealing heat treatment at 1000 °C for 20 min, the plates were immediately hot rolled to a reduction of 50 % in 4 passes without intermediate heat treatment.
Unpublished data.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Mark J. Loboda, Gil Yong Chung, Siddarth G. Sundaresan, Ranbir Singh
In this work, wafer level carrier lifetime data and the electrical characteristics of PiN rectifiers are analyzed and direct correlation between carrier recombination lifetime and forward bias drop is presented.
Probability plot of FV at 100A/cm2 for the diodes of 0.5 and 1mm diameter from the wafers (AN5042-03 and AQ5026-02). 6 5 4 3 2 99.9 99 95 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 5 1 0.1 Vf (V) Percent 3.362 0.1771 166 9.666 <0.005 3.851 0.4949 208 13.022 <0.005 Mean StDev N AD P 0.5 mm 1 mm Diode size Normal - 95% CI Probability Plot of Vf @100A/cm^2 reduction of lifetimes [5].
As the half of W becomes longer than the diffusion length, MV causes an appreciable increase in the forward voltage drop due to a reduction in the conductivity modulation in the central portion of the drift layer.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Igor V. Alexandrov, Wei Wei, Jing Hu, Fei Wang, Kun Xia Wei
Some samples processed by ECAP were rolled into strips 1.2 mm thick by ~10% per pass in the ECAP direction at room temperature, and then the final reduction was 90%, resulting in an equivalent strain of 2.7 when the plain strain was considered.
TEM microstructure Fig. 2 shows TEM micrographs of Cu-5.7%Cr alloy after ECAP and cold rolling in the reduction of 90% at room temperature.
The equation of the line for Cu-5.7%Cr alloy in Fig. 5 (b) is presented as follows (For ECAP) (2) (For ECAP+CR) (3) The strength data are in good accordance with Eq. (2) and (3).
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Katarzyna Jagodzińska, Stanisław Dziura, Maciej Walkowiak
Unfortunately, for component such as antenna it is very difficult to fulfill these requirements, so reduction of the dimensions is an actual problem.
Negative impedance converter[11] Basically, the idea of using Non-Foster matching is simple and based on the reduction of the reactive part of antenna input impedance by connecting the antenna terminals to active matching circuit that consists of converters.
Using these data we can get equivalent circuit model of our antennas, as it is shown in Fig. 4.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Xian Kui Li, Min Zhi Yu
(1) Longer P.S.T (Positive Strip Time) causes the increase of powder consumption, therefore the reduction in liquid friction force of the meniscus vicinity
(2) During the P.S.T, the difference between mold velocity (Vm) and casting speed (Vc), namely the value of (Vm-Vc) decreases, which leads to the reduction of the tensile stress in the strand shell below the meniscus
The two models are drawn as the actual dimensions and loads, and there are only few input data needed such as cross-sectional area, material properties, moment of inertia, and so on
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Guo Bing Qiu, Jian Hua Zhang, Wen Xia Liu
The simulation procedure is illustrated in Fig.3: Fig.3 Simulation procedure Example Analysis Data of Wind Farm.
Case 1: based on wake effect model in flat terrain without considering the outages of WTs and connection cables; Case 2: based on wake effect model in complex terrain without considering the outages of WTs and connection cables; Case 3: based on wake effect model in complex terrain only considering the outages of WTs; Case 4: based on wake effect model in complex terrain considering the outages of both WTs and connection cables; Table 2 shows the results calculated by Matlab program.As can be seen from Table 2: 1) the power output of wind farm based on wake effect model in flat terrain is 2.3% less than in complex terrain, because as the height increases, the wind speed becomes larger. 2) the reduction of the power output of wind farm is relatively small only considering the outages of WTs, especially when the wind speed is small. 3) the reduction of the power output of wind farm is 0.24% more when considering the outages of connection cables.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Zhen Li, Li Li, Sergey Pavlinich, Xi Wei Liu, Hong Zhao
The reduction of diffusion drug distance will be possible due to the new design of multiple polymer layer structure, in each of layers with different concentration of the drug, and will lead to drug permeability decreases, and thereby it all will be enable to drug release extension, for prevention of neo intimae growth.
The weight ratio of Paclitaxel of the multiple polymer layer was made, in order to guarantee reduction its rate of diffusion, so that its top level are containing PLGA/15%PEG with 30%wt PTX.
Hemolytic ratio of the films: S1-S3: PLGA /PEG blend films with different PTX loadings (10%, 20%, 30%), S4: multiple layer coated PTX Represented in Fig.5 data are shown that hemolysis rate of multiple layer is of approximately 1.24%, and value of hemolysis drug loading rate of multiple layer was less than the critical value of 5%; it indicates that this coating in contact with the blood did not produce significant hemolysis.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: T. Suresh, C. Selva Senthil Prabhu, V. Naveen Prabhu, F. Justin Dhiraviam
In the absence of intercooler in front of the radiator, air will flow freely over the radiator, resulting in the reduction of coolant temperature from 95ºC to 92ºC.
Table 2 Properties of hot fluid – Case 2 Mass flow Inlet temperature Outlet temperature Ambient temperature 0.0783 kg/s 308 K (35℃) 372K (99℃) 308 K (35℃) Calculations and Dimensions for Optimized New Arrangement Using the data of the selected trial 3 from the previous arrangement, a modification is done only to the fins for easy manufacturing.
Ward, The Reduction of Turbocharger Whoosh Noise for Diesel Powertrains Turbocharged Automotive Engine Performance, 8th International Conference on Turbochargers and Turbo charging.
Online since: April 2022
Authors: Gabriele Milani, Jacopo Scacco
Mechanical properties of the constituent materials deduced from experimental data [9].
Afterward, there is a gradual reduction of the stiffness along with the spreading of damage within the first layer of the matrix.
In the first case, the reduction of global stiffness is high, and the peak load cannot be captured properly.
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