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Compression pre-cracking methods [3] were used to initiate cracks at crack-starter notches with constant-amplitude and load-reduction methods used to generate data from threshold to fracture.
Figure 1(a) shows the ΔK-rate test data, and Figure 1(b) shows the ΔKeff-rate data using a plane-strain constraint factor (α) of 1.8.
The term q = 2 was selected to fit high-rate data.
Figure 3(b) shows the test data (symbols) and the predicted results.
The symbols show test data and the curves show life predictions.

Sensor nodes are responsible for data acquisition, upload the data to the data center via Bluetooth wireless communication link and execute the commands from the data center.
Data center is responsible for data storage, processing and display.
The C is noise reduction capacitor special used in the circuit which value is 1μF.
Data can be collected after Sensor Bluetooth module Bluetooth module and a data center for data collection paired successfully.
Data sheet of MAX6025(2001)

The average error of data from this system is within 5%.
The regularities distribution of the pulling loads are obtained from the experiments data, which can give the theoretical supports to the safety operations about the earth anchor piles.
All the signals can be collected and amplified by charge amplifier and transformed and stored by the data acquisition system and computer.
The output ports of the sensor connect with the data acquisition instrument and the computer by data line.
Finally the real-time collecting and storage of the test data can be realized.

At first, all the data (Fundamental geographic data, DEM, Boreholes’ tables) of the study area were organized in a geodatabase using ESRI® ArcGIS®.
The data format is ESRI® Shapefile and the scale is 1:4 000 000 [6].
The DEM data are in ESRI® ASCII format, in decimal degrees and datum WGS84 (Fig. 2).
In this module, groundwater information and data are processed, like data input, modify, append, and delete etc. 2) Graphic display.
Liu, etc.: Reconstruction of 3D Strata Model Based on Borehole Data.

The reduction rate is 39%.
Zhang Guangxue’s[2] test data showed that total suspended particles (TSP for short) emission concentrations is 66.87 mg/Nm3 from cement upstream kilns and 41.69 mg/Nm3 from downstream kilns.
Analysis on primary PM2.5 emission reduction from cement kilns and steel sintering machines In 2011, the production of cement clinker was 1.28 billion tons, and the production of steel was 695.5 million tons.
Table 4 The primary PM2.5 emission estimates from cement kilns and steel sintering machines in 2020 Unit: tons Industry Year cement kilns steel sintering machines In total 2020 313,500 135,600 449,100 2011 595,400 145,000 740,400 Reduction amount 281,900 9,400 291,300 Reduction Rate 47% 6% 39% As can be seen from Table 4: (1) For cement industry, when the backward kiln progress is eliminated, NSP is adopted, and the efficient PM removal technology is used, PM2.5 emission reductions are 281,900 tons, and the reduction rate is 47%, which is very remarkable
(2) For steel industry, when the backward progress is eliminated, and the efficient PM removal technology is used, PM2.5 emission reductions are 9,400 tons, and the reduction rate is 6%

Data misfit functional.
Using these fields and mesh data, the gradient is computed from a python script.
In practice, the data outputs εxxmes are measured.
(14) In Table 1, the value of the maximum data misfit and its associated relative error are given, k corresponds to the sensor number which has the highest data misfit.
After the third iteration, we note that the data misfit reaches a plateau.

Data based process monitoring methods can be divided into qualitative and quantitative methods.
Qualitative methods aim to analyze the dynamic tendency of process data.
Chen [5] puts forward an improved PCA to solve the dimensionality reduction problem of process data.
On the other hand, support vector data description (SVDD) method can deal with non-Gaussian information existing in process data perfectly without any restriction in data distribution.
All the researches will promote the development of data-driven process monitoring methods.

The roller size refers to the site data.
H200××××200 column H-beam Reduction Ruler Analysis.
Thus, the wave of F5 pass is disappear and no wave appear on F7 pass, the datum are shown in table 4.
The recommended reduction ruler is shown in table 5.
Increasing the Web Reduction on Pass 5.

Discharge data are converted based on water level data from the Automatic Water Level Recorder (AWLR) Station at the sub-catchment outlet.
Data and Location The data used in this study includes water level data from the Automatic Water Level Recorder (AWLR) station which location is defined as the catchment’s outlet.
Land cover map data is collected from the previous study [5].
This method is applicable for data availability within range of 3 to 10 years [7].
[9] Soewarno, Aplikasi Metode Statistika Untuk Analisis Data Hidrologi Jilid I.

The results are compared with previous data from notched galvanized specimens weakened by a central hole and not treated specimens characterized by the same geometry.
The available data on this topic are the very few and the present technical note is aimed to partially fill this gap of the recent and past literature providing also a clear explanation for the preparation and final assembly of the specimens.
The typical expression for the S-N curve in EC3 is reported as: (1) From the re-analyses of the data it is clear that considering a Ps of 97.7% at two million cycles Ds is equal to 100 MPa which is slightly lower than the corresponding classified category Dsc=112 MPa derived from EC3 for the considered uncoated bearing-type connection.
It is possible to observe that all data fall inside a narrow scatterband and that the reference value at two million of cycles and corresponding to a Ps of 97.7% remains almost the same (101 MPa) with almost no significant differences between galvanized and not-galvanized specimens (see Fig. 2).
(a) S-N-curves of hot dip galvanized connections, (b) unified scatterband considering uncoated and hot dip galvanized connections Conclusions This short technical note reports some new data from hot dip galvanized steel bolted connections under fatigue loading.