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Online since: November 2016
Authors: Yoshiyuki Suda
Pt and Ru were loaded onto the nanomaterials by a reduction method using sodium borohydride.
The PtRu and Pt catalysts were loaded onto the carbon materials by the reduction method using sodium boron hydrate (NaBH4) [10].
The ratio of Ru alloyed in the PtRu catalyst particles () was calculated using the following formula [13]: , (2) , (3) where xRu is the atomic fraction of Ru in PtRu, is the nominal Ru/Pt atomic ratio (= 1 in this study), los and lPtRu/C are the lattice parameters of pure carbon-supported Pt and carbon-supported PtRu, respectively, which were obtained from the Pt(220) peak, and k = 0.124 Å, obtained from data related to unsupported alloys [13].
Online since: January 2018
Authors: Asma Perveen, Muhammad Pervej Jahan
However, the non-conductive nature of coating caused in the reduction of overcut for machining using coated tools.
Al Ahmari et al investigated the hybrid machining of Ni-Ti alloy combining micro EDM and laser beam machining and reported 50-65% process time reduction without negative effect on hole quality as compared to micro-EDM process alone [17].
Finally, the experimental data were collected using different characterization techniques to assess the precision of the micro-holes, machining time and surface crater size.
Online since: December 2016
Authors: Ferenc Szodrai, Akos Lakatos
Therefore reduction of energy demand is crucial.
When used well and combined with passive solar design, thermal mass can play an important role in major reductions to energy use in active heating and cooling systems.
Tony, Building model calibration using energy and environmental data.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Rosario González Pedraza, María Pilar Lambán
All measurement processes produce results for which the appropriate data analysis is performed.
Analysis " PG-05-07-ANX-1 Data processing techniques To calculate the costs of execution of an activity, general information concerning the costs of the recoded activity is appended to these records.
When direct data allowing to calculate the probability of a failure mode are not available or this failure form is complex, it is proposed the elaboration of a fault tree.
Its probability is calculated based on the probabilities of the basic events and undeveloped events to be evaluated from available historical data.
Costs data of the integrated management system are linked to a worksheet in which are kept current total costs of implementation of all activities under the integrated management system.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Tian Xiang Liu, Ji Jun Zhang, Xin Yu Jia
In the literature [4] , taking ; (3) Through the Eq. 3, "AB " is calculated : Pass height: (4) Through the Eq. 4, "EG " is calculated : Taking finished products rolling reduction Δh1=1.8mm, then d2=25.5+1.8=27.3mm.
Table 1 Pass calculation datas Hole type Radius (R/mm) Straight line (LH/mm) Rolling reduction (Δh/mm) edge thickness (d/mm) width spread coefficient Centerline length (Lc/mm) dip angle (Ф/°) horizontal line (Lb/mm) roll gap (mm) K1 137.5 105 1.8 25.5 0.8 242.02 90 -- 8 K2 137.5 105 12 27.3 0.4 240.58 90 17.3 8 K3 137.5 105 14 39.3 0.4 235.78 90 24.4 8 K4 137.5 105 -- 53.3 -- 230.18 90 25.2 10 1.4 Calculation of passes neutral conductor In the rolling process, roll speed when the two are not equal, rolling a rolling tank, will be bent upward or downward, in order to prevent bending and internal stress, so that the upper and lower roll center line and pass the neutral line overlap, the two roll speed are equal, zero pressure on rolling, bending phenomenon does not occur [5].For the neutral line of the hole angle commonly used to determine the area method, as shown in a groove shape on the line and two parallel lines around the edge and into the area A1, the same hole the next line
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Ying Xu, Li Guang Zhu, Jian Chen, Cai Jun Zhang, Shuo Ming Wang
Shrinkage in phase-change process could be considered as the reduction of per particle unit volume and the results of their integration.
In the mathematical model, it could be considered as the reduction of distance between nodes and nodes and the result of integration in three dimensions.
There were time-varying temperatures and displacement datas of an adjacent set of nodes on the model symmetry line which coincide with the X axis were calculated.
Online since: March 2025
Authors: Sandra Mayang Dika Ridwan, Muhammad Ihsan Mukrim, Rustan Tarakka, Nasaruddin Salam
The ratios of liquid-solid discharge ratio of 10% to 100% have influences on increasing pressure reduction (∆P).
It is known that the results of the pressure drop in discharge are shown in the data in Table 1.
This data includes various mixtures of clay and water with a percentage of 10 liters to 100 liters.
The data illustrates consistent increasing in fluid flow discharge along with increasing mud mixture percentage, with the lowest value being 10% and the highest value being 100%.
Pressure drop data on changes in density are presented in following Table 3.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Wei Xu, Ya Tao Li, Ke Zhao, Zhen Zhen Yi
Interface Agent is used to input and output data.
Personalized Knowledge Service[5]and Data Mining[6] .
Rough Set theory is a very effective tool for and knowledge discovery and decision-making reduction.
After data cleaning, filtration, data integration and data transformation, the database has formed a huge decision table.
KBITS integrates Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Engineering, Database and Data Mining, Computer and Educational technologies.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Vladimir L. Kuznetsov, Igor I. Ovchinnikov, Mariya A. Shuvaeva, Alexander S. Lisitsyn
Here we present preliminary data concerning the synthesis of Pt/MWCNTs through the intermediate formation of PtOx particles on the surface of MWCNTs.
Our data show that the samples with large Pt loadings on MWCNTs can be obtained with a stoichiometric amount of alkaline agent (Na2CO3 /Pt 3/1) and without the need in capping agents.
The data indicate the formation of rather small and isolated Pt particles, which are uniformly distributed over the surface of MWCNTs.
The TEM data corresponded well to the results of chemisorption measurements (Table 1).
Both TEM and chemisorptions data indicate that smaller Pt particles form on MWCNTs(350) as compared to MWCNTs(120).
Online since: June 2011
Authors: Anna J. Dolata
According to literature data, the following ones are essential: solidification conditions, wettability of a liquid metal on a solid reinforcement surface, chemical reaction occurring at the interface between the matrix and the reinforcement as well as degradation of the reinforcement, etc. [10-15,17-19].
As described in own previous articles, application of hybrid reinforcement (SiCp+Cp) in aluminium matrix alloys enables stabilization of friction coefficient and, most of all, reduction of wear of the friction partner [21-24].
Based on own investigation results, application of SiC and glassy carbon particles in aluminium alloys enables stabilization of the friction coefficient and, most of all, reduction of wear of the friction partner [22].
Figure 2b shows the size reduction of the aluminium matrix structure, which is a result of alloy modification by Sr.
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