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The alignment of these films on glass substrates are inferred from the contact angle data and the results are compared with those of the (self) alignment in liquid state.
These molecules have been widely used in electron-transfer studies because they undergo reversible one-electron reduction at modest potentials to form stable redical anions.

Occurrence data were collected from literatures.
Climate data A downscaling method was used to generate current (period 1980-2009, 1990s) and future (period 2040-2069, 2050s) climate data [9].
Murdock: ClimateWNA-high-resolution spatial climate data for western north america.
Wang: Long-term simulation of china's climate data-establishment and validation of the dynamic free-scale model.
Aitken: Development of scale-free climate data for western canada for use in resource management.

These structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques [1] are generally vibration based and require measurement and data acquisition equipment to be installed directly on the bridge, which can be effective but labour intensive and expensive.
Damage is applied to the beam via percentage reduction of the stiffness of individual elements, corresponding to localized damage within the bridge.
A wireless router and data logger allowed accelerations to be recorded remotely.
The severity and location of the damage are also varied; stiffness reductions from 5% up to 20% are applied to a beam element at either L/2 or 5L/8.
[22] ISO 8608, Mechanical Vibration-road Surface Profiles-reporting of Measured Data, International Standards Organisation, 1995.

Sawn hardwood production in Spain has been greatly affected by a reduction in demand since 2008, within an overall environment of deep economic and financial problems.
However, the alternative method of testing small defect-free specimens and implementing reduction factors to obtain mechanical properties has been reported to be of little use with oak wood [13,14].
One-way analysis of variance was applied to search for significant differences among means of data grouped by qualitative variables.
These analyses were performed for the total data, and separately for each sub-sample grouped by qualitative variables.
The data provide consistent, logical results for a wide range of oak qualities because they were based on a small sample but with a high presence of external defects; the density exhibited the natural variability for the species and moisture was in the usual range considered for structural purposes.

On the other hand, the heat loss from the billet to the extrusion container and hydraulic ram (by conduction), can cause a considerable reduction in extrusion temperature.
The tensile strength of the material half way along the bar was significantly lower and on average there was a difference of 200 MPa in UTS and a 50 MPa reduction in YS compared with the backend of the extruded bar.
The presence of micro-cracks (as found at positions half way through the bar length and near the tip) play an important role in initiating fracture which causes a reduction in elongation to fracture.
Overall tensile property data presented here is either similar or inferior compared to the data reported in literature before [4,7,8,13,14] .
This is very apparent from the tensile properties data obtained here from three different locations on an as-extruded bar, elongation to fracture on average was only 1.2-4.5 % along with values for YS between 928-980 MPa, tensile strength 1068-1268 MPa.

Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm solves the problems, having generalization ability and high forecast accuracy with less training sample data.
Get the ripple voltage waveform and data when the circuit of the output voltage is steady-state, select the difference between Peak-Valley, as the monitor signal. 3.
Power electronic circuit fault prediction Determining parameters of circuit characteristics, access to historical and current fault feature parameter data.
Then, the first three columns of the 11-15 groups in Table 1 are used as input data of RBF Neural networks to predict fault.
First 10 groups data are used as training data to predict and of the 11th, and then the 11th data is joined to retrain and get the 12th data: The result got by this method will be more realistic and accurate.

Differing knee point positions can be observed from fatigue testing data for different welded joints [4].
To interpret the fatigue test data regarding residual stress influence, not only surface residual must be studied.
(as w.: as welded; s.r.: stress relieved; TIG: TIG-dressed; sm: mean stress)*) data for S460 from [8] Samples with high stress concentration without thermal stress relief (solid lines without TIG-dressing) were found to have fatigue strengths (50%-values) of Ds=108 MPa (S355NL), Ds=102 MPa (S460NL) and Ds=82 MPa (S960QL) at N=2x106 load cycles respectively.
But the reduction of stress concentration led to a shift of the knee point to a lower number of load cycles.
A reduction of stress concentration did not only increase the fatigue strength significantly but also led to a shift of the knee point to lower load cycles.

The nickel nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction method and of particle size around 10-15 nm reported by Khanna et al. [19].
It reveals that the ion irradiation leads to polymer chain scissioning and subsequently reduction in molecular weight.
For the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) measurement, the samples were cooled down from room temperature to 5 K in the absence of an external magnetic field and the magnetic data were acquired during the warming run in a constant external field.
In the field-cooled (FC) measurements, the samples were initially cooled down to 5 K in the presence of a magnetic field and the FC data were recorded during the warm up cycle in the same magnetic field.
Such characteristic behavior of FC magnetization data is attributed to ferromagnetism in material [32].

From the experimental data it is not evident this needs to be considered.
This reduction in channel length must be due to doping variation.
Same data as on the left.
For long transistors, the data suggests that the channel is no longer in equilibrium.
Sveinbjörnsson, “A strong reduction in the density of near-interface traps at the SiO2 / 4H-SiC interface by sodium enhanced oxidation,” J.

The present paper aims to briefly summarize our recent data on the high temperature superplastic flow in oxide ceramics, and to describe how the grain boundary atomic structure can effectively improve the superplasticity.
located in the upper portion of the existing data.
The reduction in the ionic bonds between the oxygen anions and zirconium cations must enhance the diffusion of the Zr cations and thereby reduce the flow stress of the TZP, because the decreased flow stress in the (Ti-Ge) co-doped TZP is attributed to the enhancement of the δDgb of the Zr cations.
The increase in the covalency of the grain boundaries segregated with Ti and Ge cations is thus an indication of the enhanced grain boundary cohesion and hence a reduction in the grain boundary energy.
When comparing the flow behavior of the previous data for the monolithic, Y2O3-stabilized TZP [1, 9, 13, 17] and Y2O3-stabilized TZP-based composite materials [38, 39], the PX172-G attained superplasticity at a temperature lower than the conventional superplastic TZP materials reported in earlier studies.