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Moreover, to estimate the bond strength, K factors (fracture toughness index) at different bonding ratios were evaluated using a finite element method simulation.
K factors at different granule sizes were evaluated at the crack tip during shearing and compared with each other.
(1) Table 1 summarizes the mechanical properties of materials used in this FEM analysis.
Through simulation, we concluded that the granule fracture was mainly affected by KI, which results from the rotational motion of a granule by shear movement.

The local properties of the interface are nearly impossible to characterise because they are influenced by surrounding conditions like the thickness of the interface, the quality of the interface, (residual) stress conditions, thermal conditions, materials properties mismatch, etc.
The experimentally determined adhesive force helps to optimise interface properties with respect to maximization of the pull-out effect.
However, they are still facing problems connected with the description of local material properties especially when complex (hybrid) composite systems are explored.
A new technique enabling testing of interfacial properties of the apparent interface based on chevron notch methodology for fracture toughness determination was developed.
The reason for such drastic drop of fracture properties was revealed during fractographical analyses.

Flow Field Analysis of Self-energizing Oil Screen with Dynamic Filtration Rollers Based on Gear Train Shaojie Xin1,a Qingling Li 1,2,b 1School of Mechanical, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, P.R.China 2School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science Technology,Shanghai, P.R.China adaqxinsj@163.com, bliqingling2003@126.com Keywords: self-energizing; dynamic filtration; oil screen; gear train; flow field analysis Abstract.
In order to get symmetric model and not affect dynamic behavior of the transmission, the first level gear transmission is simplified to distribute symmetric the impeller.
Fig.2 Meshing model of flow field Mechanical Model of CFD Analysis.
Default values are assigned to relaxation factors.
Set fluid property, the density of fluid is 900kg/m3.

Due to material, bandwidth, price, and processing equipment of AMT and other factors, the process goes slowly.
Amorphous alloy has excellent soft magnetic properties, higher hardness, better corrosion resistant performance, etc.
The above are theoretical analysis and the actual overload time of amorphous alloy transformer is concerned with environment temperature, initial load rate, overload requirements, internal temperature limit within the iron core and windings and other factors.
Assessment of environment impact Major factors influencing the noise level of amorphous alloy transformer are magnetostrictive coefficient of the core material, technical parameters of amorphous iron core, assembly technologies, etc.
In addition, the parameters of the core material directly affect the noise level of transformer.

Characteristics of Mechanically Fastened Joints of Single-layer Bitumen Sheets Tomáš Petříček1, a *, Jan Plachý 2,b, Petr Kacálek 3,c, Radim Smolka 4,d 1,3,4 Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Building Structures, Veveří 95, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic 2 Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Okružní 517/10, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech Republic apetricek.t@fce.vutbr.cz, bplachy@mail.vstecb.cz, ckacalek.p@fce.vutbr.cz, dsmolka.r@fce.vutbr.cz Keywords: Single-layer waterproofing, bitumen sheet, mechanical fastening system.
The low-temperature and high-temperature properties are substantial for modified bitumen substances.
These properties depend on numerous factors – composition of the primary bitumen substance, quantity, type and composition of the modifier and the filler.
The high-temperature properties of bitumen substances are particularly influenced by the content of asphaltenes, the quantity of polymer and by the molecular quantity of the individual polymer substances.
Conclusion The measurements performed show that the degree of bitumen substance modification affects the ability of a mechanically fastened joint to transfer defined stresses.

Because its stable physicochemical properties, mechanical strength and acid, alkali, heat resistance, activated carbon could be regenerated by a variety of methods to restore its original adsorption capacity, which greatly reduces the processing cost of Sb [2,3].
The Box-Behnken surface statistical design of experiments was carried out with three factors, i.e., pH, irradiation time, solid-liquid ratio.
A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was used to derive a polynomial equation and construct contour plots to predict responses as shown in Table 1.
The variables which significantly affects the model were A (P<0.0001), B (P<0.0001), C (P<0.0001), A2 (P<0.0001), B2 (P=0.001), C2 (P<0.0001), AB (P<0.005), and AC (P<0.05).
The variable importance of the selected factors under study affecting the antimony adsorption decreased in the following order: pH>solid-liquid ratio>irradiation time.

Among the applications of asphalt binder is its extensive use in asphalt mixture in an attempt to create a resistant and strong layer on the roads against destructive environmental and traffic factors; asphalt binder has long been in the focus of attention due to its water-proof property and high adhesion [2].
In fact, in their study Rheological test results indicated that the addition of TiO2 did not affect the physical properties of the conventional binder; and also exposing the binder to ultraviolet light did not appear to accelerate the aging mechanisms in the binder [17].
Physical properties of the aggregate.
Physical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles are presented in Table 4.
Physical properties of nano TiO2.

Introduction The braking system of a vehicle is undoubtedly one of the important factors that affecting vehicle safety [1].
The considerations of these elements in general, would not affect much to overall modeled system.
The Pacejka’s magic formula general form is given as [10]: (5) where y, x, B, C, D and E are the output variable (i.e. μ), input variable (i.e. λ), stiffness factor, shape factor, peak value and curvature factor respectively.
The effect of varying the controller gain would affect the system performance correspondingly.
Besselink, “Magic Formula Tyre Model with Transient Properties,” Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility, no. 27:S1, pp. 234–249, 1997

Therefore, it decides on the properties of the entire structure.
The WE43 alloy obtains its optimum mechanical properties after solution heat treatment and ageing.
The main factor determining the validity of the application of welding technologies are the properties of the welded joints in operating conditions that affect the stability of the welded construction and its reliability [8, 9].
The chemical composition of the alloy and its mechanical properties specified in the manufacturer's certificate are shown in Table 1.
Wang, The effect of La or Ce on ageing response and mechanical properties of cast Mg-Gd-Zr alloys, Materials Characterization, 59 (2008) 435-439

By noticing the discussed energy absorption mechanism and the essential factors of energy absorption system, a new design of the energy absorption sample is suggested in Fig. (1-a).
Necessary to mention that geometrically, thickness, length and diameter of tube are essential and prominent factors.
Mechanical property of aluminum, regardless of the anisotropy effects, is also illustrated in Table 1.
Mechanical property of the aluminum is considered as an input for the software.
In energy absorption system decay symmetry is one of the main factors.