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Bleeding or leakage between the mould and baseplate may lead to loss of water which would affect the water-cement ratio of the cubes and hence their strength.
Also, weather or outdoor exposure may affect the actual structure whereas the cube specimen may be under uncontrolled laboratory conditions.
The method of non-destructive testing, which estimates the strength of concrete without destroying the structure or affecting its function, is the most suitable and widely used.
This method includes techniques which measure either the strength property of concrete or a physical or mechanical property which can be correlated to strength.
BS4408:Part5 [6] gave some tables of correction factors by which the measured velocities should be multiplied to obtain the effective velocity in concrete alone if the axis of reinforcing bars are perpendicular to the direction of propergation.When the axis of reinforcing bar is parallel to the direction of propagation BS4408[6] also has a formula by which the pulse velocity in the concrete alone may be evaluated Chung [5] showed that when a pulse is in the direction of the axis of reinforcing bars through a steel/concrete medium, the true velocity is less than the theoretical value and is influenced by the bar diameter.

The assessment of the local properties and composition of the different components of such a multifunctional material necessarily relies on techniques with sufficient spatial resolution.
The definition implies that multifunctional materials necessarily consist of distinct parts of different composition and/or microstructure and properties.
Reference Materials for Physical Property Measurements New micro-analytical techniques are developed also for the identification of local physical (including mechanical) properties.
A factor of major importance for the success of many multifunctional materials is adhesion.
Good knowledge of the compliance of the test rig is a second prerequisite for the accurate determination of the mechanical properties of thin films, in particular elastic modulus.

Introduction The lateral resistance performance of new precast concrete shear wall (NPC wall), which are main lateral resistance members of structure system, determines the mechanical properties of the whole structure and should be deeply analyzed.
Considering that the cracks keep continuous across the interface between local cast-in-situ concrete and precast concrete, the horizontal connections haven’t significantly affected the force transmission.
Therefore the existence of vertical connections is the primary factor influencing NPC walls.
It’s only concerned about the effect of the arrangement of local cast-in-situ regions in this paper, whereas there are many other factors affecting the lateral resistance performance of NPC walls such as the shear-span ratio, the axial compression ratio, the width of local cast-in-situ region, configuration of connection reinforcements, etc.
Therefore, all the factors should be taken into account in the further research to fully understand the lateral resistance performance of NPC walls.

The precise mathematical model is very difficult to describe because the feature of the thermodynamic system which contains air-conditioned room and other controlled object is a high complexity, strong coupling, factors affect.
(6) P + I + Relay adaptive algorithm The following derivation of the P + I + Relay adaptive control algorithm has independent intellectual property rights[6,7,8].
(12) Will eventually adjusted factor equation as shown in Eq. 13
A High Performance Adaptive Controller for Non-linear Hydraulic Servo-systems[C].The American Society of Mechanical Engineers,1983
The Adaptive Control of Hydraulic Systems Using Filtered Input and Output Signals[C].The American Society of Mechanical Engineers,1983

This causes defects like gaps and fish-eyes which affect the load-bearing properties and creates weak area in the structure by inclusions of resin [2], shown in figure 3.
Figure 1: Left: Schematically principle of novel technology for yarnless layer binding by adhesives, Right: Sample pattern plan [2] Technology Development The binding of layers with a suitable adhesive system require an understanding of the bonding process, application technology and the surface properties of adhesives and fiber.
Besides, process stability, durability and maintenance form a decisive factor in the selection of this technology.
At this point of research, data about the mechanical behavior are still pending.
To gain knowledge about effects that occur while forming a textile structure with the introduced properties, a large dimensional model will be assembled.

With this basic configuration, the effects of lightweight materials with different density and elasticity on the oscillation and damping properties in blanking tools can be studied.
Several mechanical properties of the materials used can be seen in Table 2.
Table 2: Nomenclature and mechanical properties of plate-materials nomenclature Rp0.2 [N/mm²] Rm [N/mm²] Density [t/m³] Modulus of elasticity [N/mm²] Steel C45 1.0503 ca. 305 ca. 580 7.85 210 000 Alu Certal 3.4345 ca. 490 ca. 545 2.76 72 000 Mg AZ31 3.5312 ca. 165 ca. 240 1.77 45 000 Tool Steels.
To reduce the influencing factors there is no coating used on the punches.
These impacts in the top plate affect the force sensor in a direct flux of forces via the upper trust plate.

Results revealed distinct morphological and structural properties of ZnO thin films deposited on each substrate.
There are many factors that govern the morphological and structural properties of the film grown by this method, such as deposition speed, time, coating times, precursor concentrations, aging time, and annealing temperature [9].
Thermal properties of each type of substrate are listed in Table 1.
Kuroyanagi, “Properties of aluminum-doped ZnO thin films grown by electron beam evaporation,” Jpn.
Ashida et al., “Thermal transport properties of polycrystalline tin-doped indium oxide films,” J.

INTRODUCTION Exposure of machines to variable loads leads to changes in the material properties caused by the influence of numerous phenomena.
They allowed to determine mechanical properties of steel: material yield point Re = 458 MPa (Re = Sy), material tensile strength Rm = 682 MPa (Rm = Su), Young's modulus E = 215000 MPa.
Another factor influencing behavior of the material are strains caused by the first load cycle, which refer to the strain of values Smax > Re or êSmin ê> Rec.
Obtaining consistent results can depend on the properties of the material used for the tests.
Tests of C45 steel have shown similar properties under tensile and compressive stresses, as shown in paper [2].

The rheological parameters are affected by temperature, stress conditions and several other factors.
The properties of fresh concrete are determined from the rheology.
When dealing with the rheology of fresh concrete; the key factors which measure the appropriateness of concrete mix; stability, mobility and compatibility are the parameters to be considered.
Modelling of rheological properties 5.1.
Studies on rheological properties of super plasticized PPC paste. 

It can be seen that the reinforcement ratio is the main factor affecting the recycled concrete beam stiffness.
Besides, because at higher stress the bond properties of the reinforcement steel and the recycled concrete reduced than that of the reinforcement steel and the ordinary reinforced concrete [12-13], the actual stiffness of the components is lower than the theoretical value.
iii.After checking calculation of the recycled concrete beam deflection after reinforced concrete cracking and before longitudinal carrying reinforce steel yielding, according to the relative capacity stiffness correction factor (αB) in this paper, corrected the short-term stiffness (Bs) in GB50010.
Takahisa: Flexural properties of reinforced recycled concrete beams.
Yang: Study of feasibility and mechanical properties for producing high-flowing concrete with recycled cause aggregates, in: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Sustainable Development and Concrete Technology (China 2004).