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Online since: September 2012
Authors: Qing Tao Bi, Shu Yun Ding
Artificial neural networks model was studied for simulating the property and function of human brain.
Table 1 Measured Data and the Rredictive Value of Neural Network Model Monitoring Time /day Real Settlement /mm Model Prediction /mm Error 0 0 28 -6.87 92 -26.62 183 -49.05 218 -54.30 243 -62.24 280 -68.66 309 -77.86 348 -85.84 375 -91.13 471 -112.30 559 -128.24 658 -146.73 -148.93 1.5 731 -160.70 -164.39 2.3 968 -200.26 -206.66 3.2 1108 -221.10 -225.74 2.1 1287 -245.19 -238.56 2.7 1443 -269.99 -260.27 3.6 Fig.5 Comparison diagram of real data and model prediction Conclusion Embankment settlement of expressway is essentially a nonlinear behavior, and it is affected by many factors.
Not only the external load and the natural environment has a great influence on the embankment deformation, but also the complex nature of the soil itself seriously affects the calculation of the authenticity of embankment settlement.
Beale, Design of neural networks, Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, September 2002, pp.89–91
Table 1 Measured Data and the Rredictive Value of Neural Network Model Monitoring Time /day Real Settlement /mm Model Prediction /mm Error 0 0 28 -6.87 92 -26.62 183 -49.05 218 -54.30 243 -62.24 280 -68.66 309 -77.86 348 -85.84 375 -91.13 471 -112.30 559 -128.24 658 -146.73 -148.93 1.5 731 -160.70 -164.39 2.3 968 -200.26 -206.66 3.2 1108 -221.10 -225.74 2.1 1287 -245.19 -238.56 2.7 1443 -269.99 -260.27 3.6 Fig.5 Comparison diagram of real data and model prediction Conclusion Embankment settlement of expressway is essentially a nonlinear behavior, and it is affected by many factors.
Not only the external load and the natural environment has a great influence on the embankment deformation, but also the complex nature of the soil itself seriously affects the calculation of the authenticity of embankment settlement.
Beale, Design of neural networks, Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, September 2002, pp.89–91
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Han Wu Liu, Wen Jing Sun, Shuai Gao
The high-performance middle-high temperature flat solar selective absorption coating with excellent optical properties (absorption ratio was greater than 0.92 and the launch ratio was less than 0.09), strong oxidation resistance and weather resistance was prepared by the use of magnetron sputtering technique.
By controlling the process parameters and the experimental tests of the optical properties, a good performance SiO2 minus reflection film was obtained, and then combined it with SS-N-O to form a relatively inexpensive gradient coating which could meet the relevant performance requirements.
The function of the minus reflection film and the analysis of the influencing factors The middle-high temperature solar spectrum selective absorption coating has five types: intrinsic absorption film, optical interference film, multilayer gradient film, cermets film and optical trap film.
By the reasonable design of the structure of the minus reflection film, the transmission light can make close to 100%. [3] The main parameters which affect the minus reflection effects usually include the optical constants (refractive index) of the minus reflection film itself, the thickness and the refractive index of the corresponding substrate.
Conclusions The following conclusions can be obtained by the analysis of the test parameters and the obtained reflectance curve spectrum: 1) The adhesion and the optical properties of the SiO2 minus reflection film in the SS-N-O absorption coating are well.
By controlling the process parameters and the experimental tests of the optical properties, a good performance SiO2 minus reflection film was obtained, and then combined it with SS-N-O to form a relatively inexpensive gradient coating which could meet the relevant performance requirements.
The function of the minus reflection film and the analysis of the influencing factors The middle-high temperature solar spectrum selective absorption coating has five types: intrinsic absorption film, optical interference film, multilayer gradient film, cermets film and optical trap film.
By the reasonable design of the structure of the minus reflection film, the transmission light can make close to 100%. [3] The main parameters which affect the minus reflection effects usually include the optical constants (refractive index) of the minus reflection film itself, the thickness and the refractive index of the corresponding substrate.
Conclusions The following conclusions can be obtained by the analysis of the test parameters and the obtained reflectance curve spectrum: 1) The adhesion and the optical properties of the SiO2 minus reflection film in the SS-N-O absorption coating are well.
Online since: August 2021
Authors: Gintaris Kaklauskas, Domas Valiukas, Ronaldas Jakubovskis
The so-called bond is the main factor governing crack propagation, crack width, tension stiffening, and other effects.
Although the bond mechanisms were investigated thoroughly for some time, different results obtained by independent scientists suggest that some properties must be investigated and quantified since the fundamental nature of the bonding phenomenon is very complex [1,2].
It is known that the contact area between concrete and reinforcement is subjected to various mechanical effects, including microcrack formation, local bearing, and shearing of concrete in the face of reinforcement ribs.
This also affects the formation of cracks since the transfer length of bond stresses increases.
In this approach, rib geometry is the main factor governing the callibration of FE analysis output..
Although the bond mechanisms were investigated thoroughly for some time, different results obtained by independent scientists suggest that some properties must be investigated and quantified since the fundamental nature of the bonding phenomenon is very complex [1,2].
It is known that the contact area between concrete and reinforcement is subjected to various mechanical effects, including microcrack formation, local bearing, and shearing of concrete in the face of reinforcement ribs.
This also affects the formation of cracks since the transfer length of bond stresses increases.
In this approach, rib geometry is the main factor governing the callibration of FE analysis output..
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Sean K. Powell, Suzanne M. Mithieux, Anthony S. Weiss, Konstantin I. Momot
Discussion
MR properties of water in hydrated biomaterials and tissues can be approximated by the model involving dynamic equilibrium between two distinct pools, “free” and “bound” water [5,6].
Water in the free pool has molecular hydrodynamic properties similar to those of bulk water and possesses a rotational correlation time ~10 ps.
The two-site exchange model shows that the water-proton spin relaxation rates are determined by several factors.
It may be that the intrinsic bound relaxation rates, R1B and R2B, are themselves affected by compression.
By distinguishing between these two models, mMRI would provide valuable insights into the macromolecular basis of the biomechanical properties of elastin networks.
Water in the free pool has molecular hydrodynamic properties similar to those of bulk water and possesses a rotational correlation time ~10 ps.
The two-site exchange model shows that the water-proton spin relaxation rates are determined by several factors.
It may be that the intrinsic bound relaxation rates, R1B and R2B, are themselves affected by compression.
By distinguishing between these two models, mMRI would provide valuable insights into the macromolecular basis of the biomechanical properties of elastin networks.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: T. Manzoor, E. Ahmad, M. Sarwar
Duplex stainless steels have become renowned for its excellent properties such as, high strength,
toughness and resistance to corrosion [3].
These steels are widely used in petroleum, petrochemical industry due to its good properties, which make them economically competitive with other types of stainless steels and carbon steels in offshore, oil and gas industry.
The controlling factor for cracking of DSS is ferrite phase yielding since ferrite is harder than the austenite phase.
Hydrogen may affect the critical tensile stress σf for crack propagation.
Devine, "Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties and Localized Corrosion of Duplex Steel in ASTM-5, PP 672, ASTM, Philadephia
These steels are widely used in petroleum, petrochemical industry due to its good properties, which make them economically competitive with other types of stainless steels and carbon steels in offshore, oil and gas industry.
The controlling factor for cracking of DSS is ferrite phase yielding since ferrite is harder than the austenite phase.
Hydrogen may affect the critical tensile stress σf for crack propagation.
Devine, "Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties and Localized Corrosion of Duplex Steel in ASTM-5, PP 672, ASTM, Philadephia
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Aristotel Popescu, Ovidiu Virgil Stadoleanu, Ana Georgiana Lupu, David Pfund, Abel Hernandez-Guerrero, Ema Carmen Panaite
Improved Heat Transfer using Micro-structures in Trifold Solar Energy Conversion Systems
POPESCU Aristotel1,a*, PFUND David2,b, HERNANDEZ-GUERRERO Abel3,c, PANAITE Ema-Carmen1,d, LUPU Ana Georgiana1,e and STADOLEANU Ovidiu-Virgil1,f
1”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bd.
Introduction The ever-rising global trend of renewable energy options usage was affected by the recent economic crisis, but remained on an increasing curve, mainly due to developments and investments on Asian markets [1].
The combination of these two factors alone, would provide enough incentives to apply micro-scale heat exchanger technology to hybrid trifold solar panels.
The conditions assumed for analysis of both channel configurations were: steady state, negligible radiation heat transfer and constant properties.
For smaller size channels, the minor increase relative to theoretical values may be due to the more realistic situation where fluid properties are temperature dependent.
Introduction The ever-rising global trend of renewable energy options usage was affected by the recent economic crisis, but remained on an increasing curve, mainly due to developments and investments on Asian markets [1].
The combination of these two factors alone, would provide enough incentives to apply micro-scale heat exchanger technology to hybrid trifold solar panels.
The conditions assumed for analysis of both channel configurations were: steady state, negligible radiation heat transfer and constant properties.
For smaller size channels, the minor increase relative to theoretical values may be due to the more realistic situation where fluid properties are temperature dependent.
Online since: April 2012
Authors: Jian Min Zeng, Zhi Liu Hu, Chen Liu
Introduction
Impurities such as non metallic inclusions and hydrogen in the aluminum adversely affect the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of aluminum castings, such as the strengths, electrical and thermal conductivities and corrosion resistance, and so on.
It is dispersedly distributed in the melt and usually of small size (from less than 1 to hundreds of micron and of flocculent structures), which is extremely harmful to the properties of the materials, especially elongation and fatigue performance.
A, Chemical and kinetic factors related to hydrogen removal from aluminum, Metall.
It is dispersedly distributed in the melt and usually of small size (from less than 1 to hundreds of micron and of flocculent structures), which is extremely harmful to the properties of the materials, especially elongation and fatigue performance.
A, Chemical and kinetic factors related to hydrogen removal from aluminum, Metall.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Jian Can Hu, Li Ming Zhang, Min Xiao
Because of their high water content and excellent hydrophilic properties, hydrogels have been widely utilized in tissue engineering, pharmaceuticals, food, personal care products and drug delivery [2].
In this study, cellulose was added to reinforce the hydrogel structure on the grounds that the chains of cellulose are very stiff and act as a backbone to improve the mechanical strength of the hydrogel.
Figure 4 Swelling ratios of the hydrogels in 9g/L NaCl solution The swelling behavior of cellulose-CMC hydrogels in physical saline water is one of the important factors that will affect the application of hydrogels as biomaterials.
Characterization and properties of carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels crosslinked by polyethylene glycol.
In this study, cellulose was added to reinforce the hydrogel structure on the grounds that the chains of cellulose are very stiff and act as a backbone to improve the mechanical strength of the hydrogel.
Figure 4 Swelling ratios of the hydrogels in 9g/L NaCl solution The swelling behavior of cellulose-CMC hydrogels in physical saline water is one of the important factors that will affect the application of hydrogels as biomaterials.
Characterization and properties of carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels crosslinked by polyethylene glycol.
Online since: November 2015
Authors: Peter Sivák, Oskar Ostertag
The solved problem and the object of performed analyses
The technical issue solved in this paper is the investigation of the effects and the factors that led to permanent plastic deformation and occurrence of cracking in the structure of the locomotive, the excessive deterioration of the axle gripping, the drive mechanisms and the braking systems of the shunting locomotive.
Later, it turned out, that the used drive systems, braking and wagon interconnection significantly affected the movement of the whole set and were one of the major sources of potential problems.
They represented significant technical risk factors causing progressive damage of observed critical elements of the locomotive and the source of the technical problems that have arisen.
The determining fact was the knowledge that under experimental measurements it was not possible to perform a deeper analysis of the effects of the particular parameters on the dynamic properties of the system such as: · size of braking force, · clearance in the couplers, · train set speed before braking and others.
This will cause the decrease of shocks and shift at mechanical braking.
Later, it turned out, that the used drive systems, braking and wagon interconnection significantly affected the movement of the whole set and were one of the major sources of potential problems.
They represented significant technical risk factors causing progressive damage of observed critical elements of the locomotive and the source of the technical problems that have arisen.
The determining fact was the knowledge that under experimental measurements it was not possible to perform a deeper analysis of the effects of the particular parameters on the dynamic properties of the system such as: · size of braking force, · clearance in the couplers, · train set speed before braking and others.
This will cause the decrease of shocks and shift at mechanical braking.
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Lahcen Nkhaili, Abdelkader El Kissani, Abdelkader Outzourhit, Said Elmassi, Abdelfattah Narjis, Abdelaziz Tchenka, Mouhcine Ourbaa, Hamza Badr, Jalila Hanyny, Layla El Gaini, Nasser S. Awwad
A higher oxygen content can create a more reactive deposition environment, influencing not only crystal density but also other properties such as crystallite size, surface roughness, and even the optical and electronic properties of the [17].
This may be attributed to the high oxygen pressure affecting the structural properties at the surface of the film during deposition, leading to a reduction in crystallite size [17].
In addition, several factors are involved in the transmission of the films, such as grain size, structural homogeneity, crystallinity level and surface roughness [25].
Furthermore, the increase in the O/Sn ratio, observed in the EDX spectra, shows that controlling the oxygen concentration allows for the adjustment of the material’s properties, which can directly affect its efficiency as a photocatalyst.
Brytan, “Structure and Selected Properties of SnO2 Thin Films,” 2024
This may be attributed to the high oxygen pressure affecting the structural properties at the surface of the film during deposition, leading to a reduction in crystallite size [17].
In addition, several factors are involved in the transmission of the films, such as grain size, structural homogeneity, crystallinity level and surface roughness [25].
Furthermore, the increase in the O/Sn ratio, observed in the EDX spectra, shows that controlling the oxygen concentration allows for the adjustment of the material’s properties, which can directly affect its efficiency as a photocatalyst.
Brytan, “Structure and Selected Properties of SnO2 Thin Films,” 2024