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Reduction Kinetics of Bayan Obo Coexisted Iron and Niobium Ore by Carbon-bearing Pellet ZHANG Fushun1,2,a, ZHAO Zengwu3,b, LI Yan3,c, FENG Naixiang1,d 1School of Materials ＆ Metallurgy，Northeastern University, Shenyang, PRC 2 Material and Metallurgy School Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, PRC 3Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Utilization of Bayan Obo Multi-Metallic Resources: Elected State Key Laboratory，Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, PRC azhfushun@139.com, bfs.cn@hotmail.com, ccht158@163.com, dtempmails@yeah.net Keywords: carbon-bearing pellet; coexisted iron and niobium ore; reduction mechanism; controlling step; kinetics Abstract：The mass loss rate of carbon-bearing pellet of coexisted iron and niobium ore during reduction process was investigated between 900 and 1050℃ in inert atmosphere.
Among these processes, rotary hearth furnace direct reduction by carbon-bearing pellet has the character of faster reaction rate and raw materials adaption easily， which is becoming the research focus on efficient utilization of complex polymetallic ore.
Experimental Methods and Equipment Experimental Materials In the experiment, coexisted iron and niobium ore by mineral processing was chosen as the niobium-bearing material, and its chemical compositions listed in Table 1.
China Powder Science and Technology.
Journal of Iron and Steel Research, Vol.12 No1 (2000)p.5-9 (In Chinese).

TiNi shape memory alloys exhibited better wear resistance compared to other conventional wear resistant materials due to their good combination of ductility, toughness and pseudo-elasticity[5].
Ti-6Al-4V powder (with the average particles size of 109μm−250μm), pure Ti powder (20-50μm), pure Ni powder (20-30μm), B4C powder (20-50μm) were used as feedstock materials.
[2] Mitun Dasa., Kaushik Bhattacharya. et. al, In situ synthesized TiB-TiN reinforced Ti-6Al-4V alloy composite coatings: Microstructure, tribological and in-vitro biocompatibility, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials 29(2014):259 – 271
Mei, Xinhua Wu, Direct laser fabrication of Ti-6Al-4V/TiB, Journal of materials processing technology, 195(2008):321–326
Wu, Laser fabrication of Ti-6Al-4V/TiC composites using simultaneous powder and wire feed, Materials Science and Engineering A 445–446 (2007) 461–466.

Multilayer ceramic materials testing under the terms of high heating-cooling gradients Sorin Dimitriu1, a, Victor Manoliu2, b*, Gheorghe Ionescu2, c , Adriana Stefan2, d 1University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Sector 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania 2National Institute for Aerospace Research „Elie Carafoli” – INCAS, 220 Iuliu Maniu Blvd., Sector 6, 061126 Bucharest, Romania asorin.dimitriu@ccib.ro, b*manoliu.victor@incas.ro, cionescu.gheorghe@incas.ro, dstefan.adriana@incas.ro Keywords: multilayer, ceramic, quick thermal shock, thermal expansion.
From the ensemble of wear factors acting simultaneously on the multilayer ceramic materials, associated to the coatings structures, the quick thermal shock acts most disruptive.
The furnace size permits the heating of a specimen with size of 2÷3 mm x 30 mm x 50 mm in a very short time, the time depending on the types and thickness of the used materials for a TBC protection (support material, bond coat, intermediate coat and top coat).
Types of materials used: triplex layers; metallic support (S) - Nimonic 90; bond coat (BC) – MeCrAlY; intermediary layer (I) - ZrO2• Y2O3 + Co; top coat(TC) ZrO2• 8%Y2O3.
[5] A.Bolcavage, A.Feuresteln, J.Foster, P.Moore, Thermal Shock Testing of thermal barrier Coating, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 13 (2004), pp. 389-397

Introduction TiAl intermetallics is one of potential structural materials used at elevated temperatures.
Wagner, Microstructure and deformation of two-phase g-titanium aluminides, Materials Science and Engineering R 22 (1998) 187-268
Dimiduk, Effect of microstructure on fatigue and tensile properties of the gamma TiAl alloy Ti-46.5Al-3.0Nb-2.1Cr-0.2W, Materials Science and Engineering A 192-193 (1995) 465-473
Law, Brittle-to-ductile transition temperature and its strain rate sensitivity in a two-phase titanium aluminide with near lamellar microstructure, Journal of Materials Science 34 (1999) 3155-3159
Xia, Tensile impact behavior and deformation mechanism of duplex TiAl intermetallics at elevated temperatures, Journal of Materials Science 45 (2010) 6446-6454

Acknowledgement It is a project supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project (2012ZX04010-011).
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[5] Mao K, Li B, Xie B, et al: Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Vol. 36(2008), p. 85–88, in Chinese

Materials and methods Experimental instruments AC211S electronic balance, a PHS-3C precise pH meter , a DL-102 electric blast drying oven and a HZQ-C air bath oscillator.
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The real-time tracing of manufacture resource information The production resources contain mechanical processing equipments and the corresponding materials of equipments.
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It can be less material to obtain larger sectional resistance moment.
Pier of the main materials for the C40 concrete, elastic modulus E = 32500 MPa, concrete unit weight γ=25kN/m3, and poisson's ratio of concrete μ=0.167[12].
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This paper focused on the machinery manufacturing, building materials and electronics industries, etc.
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(Research and Testing Institute Plzeň), Section of Materials and Mechanical Engineering Research, Tylova 1581/46, 301 00 Plzeň, Czech Republic ajas@cvrez.cz, bbalda@vzuplzen.cz, ccho@cvrez.cz Keywords: Mean stress, Haigh diagram, combined loading, high-cycle fatigue.
The American equivalent of this material type is ASTM A623 [6].
Mansur, The effect of mean stress on the fatigue behavior of 316 LN stainless steel in air and mercury, Journal of Nuclear Materials 318 (2003) 151-156
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