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Synthesis of Titania Nanoparticles by Ultrasonic Assistant Sol-gel Method and its Photocatalytic Properties Qiongyu Liu1,2,a and Junting Jiang1,b 1School of Chemistry ＆ Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China 2 Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China aqiongyuliu@163.com, b407896375@qq.com Keywords: Titania nanoparticles; Sol-gel method; Photocatalysis; X-ray diffraction; X-3B.
The crystal structure and the average crystallite size of the dried TiO2 powers were characterized using D8-Focus XRD (Bruker AXS, Germany) with Cu Kα radiation at 40mA and 40kV.
XRD are widely used in measuring crystal structure, crystallite size, and the degree of crystallinity [11,12].
The crystal structure and the average crystallite size of the prepared TiO2 powers were identified using XRD with a Cu Kα wavelength in the range of 2θ from 10° to 70°, with 0.01° steps.

For example, during April 1984 to July 1985，there are three high production oil wells scrapped because of serious corrosion in Jingbei ancient hidden mountain structure, which associated gas contains about 40% CO2, causing a direct economic loss about 10 million.
So when water chemistry and the above process appeared, localized corrosion will suddenly become very serious.
Well structure optimization of gas wells.
(5) The matching anticorrosive process measures, can be used in Yunshulin oilfield, are as follows: Optimizing gas well casing structure, using corrosion resistant alloy steel pipe, adding anti-corrosive agent and taking strict precautions against water production of oil and gas wells.

Reported that, ZnO nanorods can be successfully achieved by various deposition techniques such as spray pyrolysis, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), thermal treatment, sol-gel spin coating process, immersion, etc. [10-15] that have been used to generate a structure of ZnO nanostructures.
The unique structures of ZnO were formed as a function of precursor’s concentration, such as rod-shaped ZnO, flower-shaped ZnO, and sheet-shaped ZnO on the gold-seeded Silicon substrate.
The spectra showed strong peak at (100), (002) and (101) which match well with standard wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO (JCPDS 36-1451). (101) plane however, gave slightly higher intensity followed by (100) and (002).
Popovic, Influence of chemical synthesis on the crystallization and properties of zinc oxide, Materials Chemistry and Physics 77 (2003) 521-530

China 2,aCollege of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, P.R.
Furthermore, the microstructures of β-GeS2 nanocrystals are characterized in detail by various techniques such as crystalline structure, morphology, and composition.
The crystalline structure of base- and microcrystalline- chalcogenide glasses was identified on a Burker X-ray diffractrometer using Cu Kα radiation from 10° to 60° with a step width of 0.020.
Subsequently, it was necessary to figure out the microstructures of microcrystalline chalcogenide glasses such as crystalline structure, morphology, size distribution, and composition, etc.

Although ATP possesses high adsorption capabilities, the modification of its structure can successfully improVe its capabilities.
ATP was used as the supporting material due to its excellent properties in chemical stability, large surface area and porous structure.
With the increase of calcination temperature, lots of remoVal of crystal water and structural water of ATP will make the structure deformation of ATP up to 600 ˚C.
Cho: J.Water Health Vol. 4 (2006), p. 215 [7] Hongtao Fan, Xuelei Fan, Jing Li, Mengmeng Guo, Dongsheng Zhang, Feng Yan, and Ting Sun: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Vol. 51 (2012), p. 5216 [8] C.L.

In this work, the spinel nickel ferrite structures were synthesized by a two-step refluxing-annealing process.
The structure and morphology of the product were characterized by a JSM-7500F scanning electron microscopy, and a JEOL JEM-2100 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
The XRD pattern of the sample shown in Fig. 2 reveals the nickel ferrite with an inverse spinel structure.
Decoration of basalt fibers with hybrid Fe3O4 microspheres and their microwave absorption application in bisphthalonitrile composites[J], Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2013, 1, 2286-2296

China 2College of chemistry and chemical engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.
Sesbania gum is a vegetable gum derived from the endosperm of sesbania seeds with a chemical composition of mannogalactan structure.
The structure of the grafted sesbania gum was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy as shown in Figure 2.
This should attribute to the similarity of the molecular structures between size and yarn, corresponding to the principle of similar compatibility.

The chemical structure formula of Sodium lignosulfonate is shown in Fig.1.
Table 1 Composition of sphalerite concentrate Component Zn SiO２ Pb Al２O３ Fe Cu Mg S As Mass fraction/ % 50 2.65 3 0.62 7 0.8 0.35 31 2.05 Component Mn Ca Cd Ni Co Ag Au Mass fraction/ % 0.14 0.02 0.45 0.01 <0.001 500g/t 2.12g/t Fig.1 Chemical structure formula of sodium lignosulfonate 1.2 Surface modification 10g sphalerite concentrate and 100ml distilled water were introduced into a three-necked flask, the whole system was agitated by electromagnetism stirrer for about 10 min, then an exact quantity of sodium lignosulfonate was added.
One peak at around 288.76ev is attributed to carbon species of C3~C6 hydrophobic structure in sodium lignosulfonate.
Chemistry Magazine, Vol. 7(2001), p.416-420.

Effects of Microwave Power on Performance of Pt/CeO2/MWCNTs Catalysts Prepared by Microwave-Assisted Polyol Process for Methanol Electrooxidation Yu Gu1, Chuntao Liu1, 2, a, *, Jian Gao1, Kuo Wang1, Yongrong Sun3, Chunyu Du3 1School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China 2Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-efficiency Conversion，College of Heilongjiang Province，Harbin , 150080, China 3School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China aliuct210@yahoo.com.cn *Corresponding author: Chuntao Liu, PhD, Tel: +86-0451-86608549 Keywords: Pt/CeO2/MWCNTs Catalysts; Microwave Power; Methanol Electrooxidation.
In particular, CeO2 is a fluorite structure whose cations can switch between +3 and +4 oxidation states and has a higher oxygen storage capacity to act as an oxygen buffer.
The major peaks located at 2θ of 39.8°, 46.2° and 67.5° are attributed to Pt (111), Pt (200) and Pt (220) characteristic reflection planes of face-centered cubic (f.c.c) structure.
The characteristic diffraction peaks are clearly visible at 28.5°, 33.1°, 47.5°, 56.4° and 76.7°, which are associated with the CeO2 (111), CeO2 (200), CeO2 (220), CeO2 (311) and CeO2 (331) crystalline planes of f.c.c. fluorite structure.

The microstructural parameters including the size, specific surface area, pore volume, pore structure, crystalline phase, and the exposed surface facets can exert significant influence on photocatalytic performance [6, 8].
The main of the obtained metallic oxide has been related to the creation of oxygen vacancies in the TiO2 crystalline structure and mixed oxide improvement related to their ability to reduce the recombination rate of the photo produced e/h pairs [5].
Also it is shown in the micrographs cubic structure related to ZnO crystals.
Vol.95 (1995) ,P.735 [7] A.L.H.Mills: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry Vol.108 (1997), p. 1 [8] A.