Search results

This unique declined O/Ti composition (anisotropic structure) may be the origin of the significant perturbation in the electronic structure of Vis-TiO2, enabling the absorption of visible light and their high photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation.
The crystal structure of the TiO2 thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (Shimadzu, XRD-6100) using CuKα line (λ = 1.5406 Å).
Furthermore, the XRD investigations of these TiO2 thin films revealed that the UV-TiO2 and Vis-TiO2-400 have an anatase crystalline structure while the Vis-TiO2-600 mainly consists of rutile crystalline phases.
The UV-TiO2 thin films have smooth structures parallel to the substrate with a good stoichiometric O/Ti value (O/Ti ratio : 2.00 ± 0.01) independent of the depth, showing distinct contrast to Vis-TiO2-600.
From these results, it could, thus, be deduced that the unique and continuous declined compositions of the O/Ti ratio in Vis-TiO2 thin films with an anisotropic crystalline structure play an important role in a significant perturbation in the electronic structure of the TiO2 thin films, enabling the absorption of visible light.

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements showed that Li3V2(PO4)3/C synthesized by one-step carbothermal reduction had monoclinic structure.
The NASICON-type structure of monoclinic Li3V2(PO4)3 enables Li+ ions to transport in a three-dimensional pathway, which leads to fast Li+ diffusion.
XRD and SEM were used to investigate the effects of the sythentic conditions on the particle size and the structure of the Li3V2(PO4)3/C powders.
XRD results show that a pure monoclinic structure is obtained and diffraction peaks intensity increases gradually with the increase of carbon content.
All the samples prepared showed a monoclinic structure with space group 14(P21/n).

Responsible for soil samples taken from the planet was to decide the molecular structure of the spacecraft in mass spectrometer Based on the results of measurement.
The Dendrites was widely used in chemistry, has been included in the commercial market as well.
The operating mechanism of living organisms can not connect in principle can not be paralleled in principle the operation of the existing power structures. 5.
Conclusions Practical experiments show that the proposed structure may be very flexible even in very changing environments farther research and experiments in order to advance this structure.

Cerium (IV) oxide (CeO2) or Ceria is a highly refractive ceramic material possessing the cubic fluorite crystal structure which is stable up to its melting point of 2400˚C [1-5].
Powder XRD (Make: X ray diffractometer Bruker AXS D8 Advance) was used to determine approximate crystal size, structure and type of the mixed oxide samples[13].
Fig.3.UV spectrum of synthesized Zr-Ce-O nanoparticles XRD pattern.XRD pattern will show three main reflections (111), (200) and (220) as characteristic of CeO2 cubic phase with fluorite structure [13].
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures , vol 9 issue 1 , (1991), p.181-183
[11] Chennampilly Ummer Aniz, Thengumthanam Damodaran Radhakrishnan Nair, “A Study on Catalysis by Ferrospinels for Preventing Atmospheric Pollution from Carbon Monoxide”, Open Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1, (2011), p.124-130

Experiments with microwave solidification of the graphite-epoxy resin composite [18, 19] showed an improvement in the adhesion of the fiber-matrix structure, which increased the interfacial shear strength by 70%.
At the same time, the bulk of the polymer composite does not have time to warm up and remains in a solid structured state.
Tolstykh, Effect of microwave radiation on the formation of structure and mechanical properties of modified polymer –carbon materials in solid extension.
Kempel, A review of microwave-assisted polymer chemistry (MAPC).
Pyataev, Effect of vibration in processes of structure formation in polymers.

As industrial materials, for its toughness, high strength and low price, steel is widely used in marine environment; but marine corrosion of steel structures is still inevitable for the severe environment.
Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research work on steel corrosion and its protection measures in marine environment, in order to extend the life of the marine steel facilities and ensure the normal operation and safe use of offshore steel structures.
Marine atmospheric zone refers to the area above the splash zone and coastal atmospheric area, which means the part beyond the seawater perennially for marine steel structures.
Splash zone is the area of structure surface exposed to the splash of seawater while beyond the immersion of seawater at high tide in the marine environment.
Influence factors can be summarized as three aspects: chemistry, physics and biology, which are closely related to the characteristics of the corrosion in five zones of marine environment.

It has been suggested that crack initiation and propagation is controlled by strength and plasticity of structures surrounding the pores [9,10].
From the classical metallurgical point of view, homogenous structures are desirable and pre-alloyed steels are preferred in this regard.
The reduction of the ferritic portion in the ferritic/pearlitic base powder particle and the transformation to almost martensitic structure of the Cu-Ni network has beneficial effect on the fatigue strength.
Fujiki: Materials Chemistry and Physices Vol. 67 (2001), p . 298
Khorsand et al.: Materials and Structures Vol. 37 (2004), p. 335

., 5607-2 Nakamuroda-machi Takasaki, Gunma 370-3347, Japan 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan ay-takezawa@jty.yuden.co.jp, bminoru-r@jty.yuden.co.jp, cy-iwazaki@jty.yuden.co.jp, dsuzuki-t@jty.yuden.co.jp, eymizuno@jty.yuden.co.jp, fhiroaki@applc.keio.ac.jp Key words: BaTiO3, nanocrystal, thin film, capacitor, boron, manganese Abstract.
Figure 1 shows an SEM image of the surface structure of the BaTiO3 thin film fabricated in our study.
The cross-sectional STEM-ADF (scanning transmission electron microscope – annular dark field) images of the BaTiO3 thin film are shown in Fig. 2 where columnar structures were observed in the thin film with a thickness of 400 nm.
The interface misfit between the BaTiO3 perovskite and the Pt lattice structure is about 2.5%, which seems to be enough for Fig. 3.
The boron additive increased the grain growth behavior of the BaTiO3 nanocrystals and the formation of an epitaxially oriented columnar structure was confirmed.

Artificial neural network (ANN) is a mathematical model which is inspirited by the structure of biological neural networks.
In most cases an ANN is an adaptive system that changes its structure based on external or internal information that flows through the network during the learning phase.
The structure of the multilayer-feed-forward networks is displayed in Figure 1.
The structure of the multilayer-feed-forward networks.
Lomakina, Neural network approach to quantum-chemistry data: Accurate prediction of density functional theory energies J.

The capacity of nano-structured ZFO by polymer pyrolysis method maintained at over 800 mAhg-1 after 50 cycles (with a current of 116 mAg-1) [9].
The crystal structure and morphology of the as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD, PANalytical X’Pert PRO, Cu Kα radiation,λ=1.5406 nm) , scanning electron microscopy (SEM, ZEISS ULTRA 55) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-2100HR).
The strong contrast between the bright and the dark areas indicates that the particle is completely coated by a carbon layer with a thickness about 7~10nm, forming a core-shell structure where the carbon shell has been derived from the carbonization of the glucose.
Additionally, the wide peak also is related to structure rearrangement resulted from the Li insertion reactions with the reduction of Fe3+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ to Fe0 and Zn0.
Fiber and Polymer Science Program,Department of Textile Engineering,Chemistry and Science,North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA [2] L.W.