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In simulations, the theoretical model is based on the time-dependent three- dimensional conservation equations of mass and momentum.
As the first step toward the simulation of multiple injectors, this work focuses on the study of droplet deformation behavior for a single injector.
Liquid Breakup Liquid Breakup Figure 3 (a) Progression of droplet formation; (b) Time evolution of velocity vector fields during the droplet breakup stage Figure 4 Time evolution of droplet formation for different liquids Conclusions Numerical simulations are performed by the computational fluid dynamics computer package CFD-ACE+® to investigate the droplet formation behavior for a piezo-actuated micro-injector.
For the simulation code validation, the predicted droplet meniscus shape is in good consistency with Shield's micro-photographed images.
Lin, Taiwan ROC Patent Number: 194947, in Chinese. (2004) 23) CFD-ACE+ TM User's Manual, ESI-CFD Inc., Huntsville, AL, USA; Web site: www.cfdrc.com

Verification of the numerical models Comprehensive experiments on the head losses of throttled surge tanks with standpipe were conducted in order to validate the numerical model and verify the accuracy of the simulations.
Fig. 4 The velocity isograms in the standpipe and the flow pattern in the backflow region Figure 4 shows the velocity isograms in the standpipe and the flow pattern in the backflow region, which are the simulation results.
The experiments were conducted in order to validate the numerical model and verify the accuracy of the simulations.
Best Practice advance for CFD in Turbo machinery Design.
QNET-CFD Network Newsletter, vol. 2(3), (2003), pp. 35-37

A numerical model for laser cutting process is developed based on the Computational fluid code Fluent-cfd.
In the case of circularly or un-polarized laser radiation , The averaged absorptivity A can be estimated as the average value of the reflectivities of parallel and perpendicularly polarized radiation RP and RS. [6]: (7) Parameters used in the simulation The commercial code Fluent 6.3 CFD, to which several modules were appended (User Defined Functions UDF) was used to accomplish the simulation [7].The calculation domain is illustrated in figure 1.b, including the substrate and part of the gas region (gas phase).
In order to make the calculation tractable, small physical size of the specimens, 4mm × 5mm × 1.5mm is employed in the simulation and a uniform cell grid mesh was used.
The physical properties used in the simulation corresponding to that for mild steel [8] are shown in table 1.The optical properties n and m (refractive and extinctive indexes) are function of wavelength and different temperature-dependent material properties.
The parameters adopted in the simulation are: laser power: 2 KW, cutting velocity: 50 mm/s, gas velocity: 100-200 mm/s, laser beam radius: 0.5 mm.

The simulation of internal flow field in nozzle with different cavity length was carried out by using CFD.
Simulation results are in agreement with Experimental results.
Based on standard κ-ε model and using CFD, the numerical simulation of two-dimension flow field of the cavity was carried out seeking the distribution rule of internal flow field, thus optimizing cavity structure.
The fluid medium is water in the simulation process.
Results and analysis of numerical simulation.

In2009, both 2D and 3D simulations (Figure.2) were carried out using the volume of fluid method (VOF) and compared with experimental data and empirical correlations.
Free Surface Flow of Liquid Slag Simulation.
In2009, both 2D and 3D simulations[7] (Figure.3) were carried out using the volume of fluid method (VOF) and compared with experimental data and empirical correlations published in literature.
Dongsheng, CFD simulation of free surface flow and heat transfer of liquid slag on a spinning disc for a novel dry slag granulation process, Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, 10 (2010) 292-299
Tade, Characterizing liquid film thickness in spinning disc reactors, 7th International Conference on CFD in the Minerals and Process Industries.

Numerical Simulation for Part Effect of Ventilation of Extra-long Road Tunnel Sheng Liu1a, Guanglong Zhang2b, Xiaowei Liu2b 1School of Science, Chang’an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710064, China 2School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710064, China a86128875@163.com, b87596240@163.com Key words: highway tunnel; semi-transverse ventilation system; part effect; numerical simulation Abstract.
Part resistance coefficients that numerical simulation of the semi-transverse Ventilation under various work condition needs are obtained.
CFD Part Numerical Simulation Distributary resistance coefficient.
The pressures provided by the simulation for jet fan in states of tailwind and windward are both less than standard value showing the failure of expected surge effect.
CFD simulation of fire smoke behavior with transverse ventilation comparison with model test[A]. 10th I SAVVT[C].

In this study, computational fluid dynamic(CFD) simulation is performed to study the aerodynamic characteristics of the trajectory correction fuze.
In this study, the radial dimension of simulation region is 15 times the radius of the projectile,and the length is 10 times the length of the projectile.[7] b) Mesh Generation The mesh is the carrier of the numerical simulation.
In this study, the simulation model used unstructed grid method.
Selection of turbulence in a aerodynamical simulation of a missile [J].
[10]ANSYS ICEM CFD 14.0 User’s Guide, ANSYS Inc. .

Therefore, based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the related theory of safety system science, leak and diffusion processes of high pressure liquid oxygen in spherical tank area, and the subsequent potential oxygen poisoning was analyzed by accident consequence assessment method.
Conclusions Combining CFD with Safety System Engineering, leak and diffusion processes of high pressure liquid oxygen in spherical tank area were numerically predicted.
References [1] State Administration of Production Safety Supervision, in: Safety Assessment, edited by Coal Industry Publisher, Beijing (2005) [2] Jianhua Li, Zhenghua Huang, Xiong Deng, Chlorine Gas Leaking Behavior and Diffusion Model, Proceedings of 2006(Shenyang) International Colloquium on Safety Science and Technology, Shenyang (2006) [3] Yuanhui Wang, Safety System Engineering, Tianjin University Press, Tianjin (1999) [4] Lixing Zhou, in: Turbulence Two Phase Flow and Numerical Simulation of Combustion, edited by Tsinghua University Press (1991) [5] Zong-xiang Li, CFD simulation of spontaneous coal combustion in irregular patterns of goaf with multiple points of leaking air, Jounal of China University of Mining & Technology.2008, 18(4):504-515

In order to design the structural components for this mini-scale vehicle, commercial CFD software was adopted to simulate flows.
Flow simulation was conducted to understand the performance of this design.
A commercial CFD software, FLUENT, was used to simulate the fluid flows through this underwater vehicle, and helped to identify areas for improvement in the external shape design.
Fig. 1 Initial external structure design Fig. 2 Meshing results of the main channel The simulation result of streamlines is shown in Fig. 3.
The external shape was modified after CFD simulation in order to have better streamlines distribution and less wakes and separation.

Inner flow field, pressure field and gas phase concentration of the gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC) was studied and simulated with a Fluent soft pack by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
A new method by CFD is used to study the phenomena inside cyclone separator [5].
Through changing two structural parameters, inlet position and the overflow tube diameter, parameters simulation analysis are carried out so as to study internal velocity rules and pressure variation.
The internal flow field simulation is carried out when changing inlet position (Figs. 3 and 4.
Simulation results show that with the increase of inlet height h, the pressure loss reduces.