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Noticeably, the features of the interphase are mainly determined by the chemical composition and structures [8-11].
Characterization The crystal structure identification was obtained by the Rigaku Ultima IV X-ray diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation.
The XRD pattern ((Figure 2(c)) gives the information of the lattice structure of h-BN.
To investigate the chemistry of h-BN, XPS was conducted as shown in Figure 3.

CNT (d = 10 - 20 nm, l = 8 - 10 µm, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry of the University of Szeged), graphite (d = 1 - 2 µm, Aldrich Synthetic graphite powder), and blackcarbon (d = 50 - 100 nm, Taurus N330) were added to modified the electrical properties of the basic ceramic matrix.
Lower DC conductivity was detected in the case of HIP sintering because of the final structure of the composites.
During the preparation inhomogeneous structure is forming because of the grouping of CNT parts.
Composites that are prepared on low pressure by GPS sintering have better conductivity than the high pressured HIP sintering because of the final structure of the composites.

Therefore, it can be deduced that RE improved the structure of corrosion products and promoted the formation of compact rust layer.
They reported that the addition of RE promoted the formation of Fe3O4 and transformation from amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide into the more stable structure of α-FeOOH.
RE in the steel can enhance the uniform formation of amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide to protect the steel substrate, and this amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide is further transformed into the more stable structure of α-FeOOH.
Chang: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol. 47 (1997), p.1 [9] M.Yamashita, H.

A Study of Exchange-Coupling Effect on Nd2Fe14B / α-Fe Forming Core/Shell Shape Chang Woo Kim 1,a , Young Hwan Kim 1,a , Don Keun Lee 1,a, In Chul Jeong 2,b , Hae Woong Kwon 2,b , and Young Soo Kang 1,a 1 Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Namgu, Busan 608-737, Korea 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739, Korea a,b yskang@pknu.ac.kr Keywords: Exchange-Coupled, Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe, Core/Shell Abstract.
Core-shell structured nanocrystals which were known to prepare exchange-coupled magnet are interesting because of their unique physical and chemical properties, as well as their technological applications [6].
The core-shell structured nanoparticles have the advantage of tuning and tailoring their physical Figure 1.
After as-made Nd15Fe77B8/α-Fe forming core/shell was annealed for 20 min. at 650 oC under a vacuum of 10-6 mbar, as-annealed powder was analyzed with XRD in order to distinguish the crystal structure of core/shell.

In the context of growing demand MLCI (multilayer chips inductors), Z-type barium hexaferrite is promising for application in the range of 300 to 1000 MHz frequency, because of unique magnetic properties arising from its complex crystalline structure.
Unlike zinc, Co 2+ ion has strong crystalline anisotropy and when Zn2+ ions enter into the lattice of the Z-type phase, the anisotropy of the Z-type hexaferrite decreases, leading to changes of crystalline structure: transition from planar to axial anisotropy [2].
From other hand, formation of Z-type barium hexaferrite only occurs at high temperatures (1300o C) when using conventional ceramic method, because of complex crystalline structure of the ferrite.
Wang et al.: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol. 77 (2002), pp. 248-253

The Iron oxide-chitosan polymer film was analyzed by XRD to know the crystalline structure of the iron oxide nanoparticles.
It was difficult to identify the crystalline structure of the iron oxide nanoparticles in the nanocoposite film from the resulting diffraction pattern.
Nevertheless some peaks agree very well with maghemite crystalline structure and are indexed in the diffraction pattern (Figure 4).
Tret'yakov: Doklady Chemistry Vol. 396 (2004), p.132 [13] S.

Molecular interdiffusion of hauling theory between dissimilar polymers based on novel USW Guohong Zhang1,a, Jianhui Qiu1,b* corresponding author: qiu@akita-pu.ac.jp (Jianhui Qiu) , Liang Shao2,c, Xie Fu1,d 1Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 015-0055, Japan 2College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China azgh131523@163.com, bqiu@akita-pu.ac.jp, cshaoliang8383@163.com, dd12s003@akita-pu.ac.jp Keywords: Ultrasonic weld (USW), Polylactide (PLA), Polyformaldehyde (POM), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), interdiffusion Abstract.
The welding interfaces and structures will be studied when application under the PLA-POM and PLA-PMMA in this article.
Interfacial structure analysis of PLA-POM system a 1mm 1mm c b 1mm d 1mm Fig.3 Rupture surfaces of welded interfaces of POM-PLA when welding stress is 0.4MPa.
Interfacial structure analysis of PLA-PMMA system Fig.5 shows the rupture surfaces of welded interfaces of PLA-PMMA when welding press is 0.3MPa and the welding times are 2s and 3s, respectively.

Anpo a * a Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture- University, Gakuen-Cho 1-1, Sakai, Osaka 599- 8531, Japan, b Chiyoda Corporation, R & D Centre, 3-13, Moriya-Cho, Kanagawa, Yokohama 221-0022, Japan *anpo@ok.chem.osakafu-u.ac.jp Keywords: TiO2 photocatalysts, multi-gelation method, photocatalytic degradation of 2-propanol Abstract.
Photocatalysts prepared by this method have a well-defined crystalline structure, uniform particle size, high surface area and a greater anatase phase in comparison with other commercially available catalysts.
However, the catalysts prepared at 500 ºC were more active due to the formation of an anatase phase with a well-crystalline structure.
The photocatalytic degradation of 2-propanol over the catalysts prepared at 550 ºC with 20 times pH swings was shown to be more highly active not due to the well-crystalline structure of the catalysts but also the varied composition ratio of anatase and rutile.

Mg(OH)2 with different morphological structures of tube-, stripe-, needle-, fibre-, lamellar-, rod-, and flower-like nanocrystals have been obtained via different synthesis methods.
The phase and crystallographic structures of the samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) on a D/max - RB (Rigaku, Japan) diffract meter working with CuKα radiation and Ni filter (λ=1.5406 Å) at a scan rate of 8°/min.
But the existence of edges common to coordination polyhedra decreases the stability of ionic structures.
When the temperature elevated, the basic units have enough energy to surmount the energy barrier of this [Mg(OH)6]4+ arrangement, and form a stable structure.
Chen: Inorganic Chemistry Communications 6 (2003), p. 229 [9] C.H.

The rationale following this study was to confirm the various possibilities of making complex internal structures in a micro hole by micro ECM.
It is demonstrated that the choice of the electrolyte chemistry is substantial for a successful ECMM processing.
Liu Yong, Zhu Di et al [4] provided details on ECMM technology for fabricating micro structures.
Experimental Setup Construction and Working Details The Electrochemical Micro Machining (EMM) setup comprises of a Mechanical structure, AC- Power source, pulsed DC 5-30V, 5A generator, Electrolyte circulating circuit and tool movement control unit.
References [1] Se Hyun Ahna, Shi Hyoung Ryua, Deok Ki Choi b, Chong Nam Chua (2004), “Electro-chemical micro drilling using ultra short pulses”, Precision Engineering, Vol 28, pp 129–134 [2] Chan Hee Jo , Bo Hyun Kim , Chong Nam Chu (2009), “Micro electrochemical machining for complex internal micro features”, CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, Vol 58,pp 181–184 [3] Jakub Adam Koza, Ralph Sueptitz, Margitta Uhlemann, Ludwig Schultz, Annett Gebert (2011), “Electrochemical micromachining of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass using a micro-tool electrode technique”, Intermetallics , Vol 19 , pp 437-444 [4] Liu Yong, Zhu Di*, Zeng Yongbin, Huang Shaofu, Yu Hongbing (2010), “Experimental Investigation on Complex Structures Machining by Electrochemical Micromachining Technology”, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics Vol 23, pp 578-584 [5] L.