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Fluch4e 1 Christian Doppler Laboratory of Localized Corrosion, Department of General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Straße 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria 2 Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Science, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria 3 Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Testing, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Straße 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria 4 Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG, Research and Development Special Materials, Mariazeller Straße 25, A-8605 Kapfenberg, Austria aclemens.vichytil@unileoben.ac.at, bmori@unileoben.ac.at, creinhard.pippan@oeaw.ac.at, dpan@unileoben.ac.at, erainer.fluch@bohleredelstahl.at Keywords: corrosion fatigue, austenitic stainless steel, crack propagation, Abstract, Purpose: Applications for highly corrosive environments and cyclic loading are often made out of austenitic stainless steels.
A clear distinction by analysing fracture surfaces is hardly possible, as both cracking modes result in similar characteristics on the fracture surface like facetted cleavage and factory roof structures [[] S.P.
The fracture surfaces reveal facetted cleavage (Figure 2) and factory roof structures which are usually known from SCC.
The fracture surfaces reveal typical signs for SCC like facetted cleavage (Figure 2) and factory roof structures, which also have been found on the fracture surfaces of the CF specimen.

College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China a.caoxinxin@hpu.edu.cn Keywords: Alumina, Rotary Kiln, Refractory Castable, High-temperature Zone Abstract: Chromic shaped bricks have been used as the refractory lining in alumina kiln for long time, whose service life is about 120~250 days.
So it can form the stable kiln coating with fine structure; (2) the exactly moderate porosity.
Too high porosity would lead to the poor resistibility to grind (for the loose body of the material) and poor property of heat conduction (for the big interstice in the material body), furthermore, it would lead to the refractory layer’s peeling off for the over-high temperature gradient inside; too low porosity would lead to the inferior structure of the kiln coating for the over-small contact area with the producing materials; (3) the excellent thermal-shock stability and resistibility to corrosion.
This hydrate would dehydrate at 300 ºC fast, releasing great deal of steam and leading to the damage of the structure [8].

The structure of the interfaces phase may be epitaxial, crystalline or amorphous.
The peaks of pure Li2CO3 (x = 0.0) is indexed as a monoclinic structure (a = 8.35900Å, b = 4.97670Å, c = 6.19400 Å and b=114.72o).
The changes of lattice parameters presented in the table shows that monoclinic structure of Li2CO3 has slightly distorted.
Johnson: Journals of Solid State Chemistry Vol. 19 (1979) p. 393 [15] N.F.

The chemical activation of charcoals, on the other hand, is carried out by means of the impregnation of the carbon structure with an activating agent followed by heat treatment.
The surface structure of the prepared adsorbents was also investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, before and after phenol adsorption.
The iodine number is a technique commonly employed to evaluate the structure of activated carbons and can be used as an approximation for surface area and microporosity with reasonable precision [9].
The surface chemistry of the prepared adsorbents was further examined by FTIR spectroscopy and the corresponding spectra are displayed in Fig. 1.

The treatment of heavy metal pollution is a significative question for discussion because of its serious impact to the ecosystem structure, the use of finite resources and human health[2].
Progress in Chemistry.
X-ray Crystal Structure of [1-Phenyl-3-[2-((2- thioacetyl)amino)ethyl] thioureato] oxorhenium(V).
Properties of ion-exchange resins in relation to their structure III, kinetics of exchange.

First, coal-dominated energy structure to a low carbon development in China a long-term paradigm shift constraints.
(2) Create a network of intensive travel; change the structure of carbon emissions.
Planning to form a "ground transportation based on rail transport as the main line traffic as the backbone, effectively limit the car," the intensification of transportation structures.
Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2003 (3) [5] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).Human Development Report 2010. http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf . 2010 [6] UK Department for Transport.Low carbon transport in-novation strategy. http://www.smmt.co.uk/2007/06/low-carbon-transport-inno-vation-strategy . 2012 [7] UK Department for Transport.

(2) Promoting the sustainable development of national economy The extensive use of fly ash in highway engineering, saves a large amount of construction investment, such as the 2004 Deda high-speed subbase filling 47km, 30km fly ash embankment, structure of fly ash concrete, save 102.231 million yuan.
Improving the service performance of highway engineering structure using fly ash, prolong the service life of structure.
Beijing: Chemistry Industry Press,2012 [5] W.Cheng, T.H.Ueng, Y.S.Chen, J.P.Chiu. 

For vegetable oil based fuels, the important properties that nfluence the performance are energy content, viscosity, density, fatty acid composition and structure, iodine value, acid number etc,.
G.Knothe [7] discussed the influence of fatty acid structure on the fuel properties and concluded that, the heat of combustion of fatty acid increase with increase in chain length and decrease with increasing unsaturation.
[7] G.Knothe, Dependence of biodiesel fuel properies on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters.Fuel Processing Technology, 86 (2005), pp. 1059-1070
Food Chemistry, 115 (2009), pp. 999-1005

The add of activator made the hydration degree of slag increase and hydration products were intertwined and united, forming a dense and hard network structure, thus improving the compressive strength and flexural strength of FGD gypsum and slag composite.
These hydration products were intertwined, and filled in the pores of hardened pastes, forming a dense structure, so that the strength of the composite increased.
As is shown in the Fig.5b, at the later stage of hydration, ettringite became short column-like, wrapped unhydrated gypsum particles intertwining with byssine CSH gel, and filled in the gaps of gypsum particles, which made the structure loose, whose macro performance was the sample with high strength.
Kostic-Pulek: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids Vol. 68 (2007), p.1121-1125.

Top Layer Coating for Improving Superhydrophobic Property of Latex Cup Sunisa Jindasuwan1,a* and Sitthisuntorn Supothina2,b 1Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand. 2National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand.
The uncoated sample shows a typical pottery structure with some open pores.
SEM characterization revealed dense structure and high surface roughness caused by the deposition of silica particles.
Ohshima, Surface structure of natural rubber latex particles from electrophoretic mobility data, J.