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A novel PDMS valveless micropump with a circular lightweight piezo-composite actuator Thanh-Tung Nguyen1,a and Nam Seo Goo 2,b� 1 Artificial Muscle Research Center, Department of Aerospace Engineering 2 Intelligent Microsystem Program, Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, 143-701 Seoul, South Korea a tung-kku@hotmail.com, b nsgoo@konkuk.ac.kr Keywords: piezoelectric actuator, LIPCA, valveless micropump, PDMS Abstract.
To excite the actuator we set the power supply (TD-2, Face International) at 1.0 Hz and up to 400 V peak-to-peak.
Comparative displacement of the LIPCAs (200 V, 1 Hz)� Carbon/epoxy fabric PZT ceramic Glass epoxy C-H1 Carbon/epoxy fabric Glass epoxy PZT ceramic Glass epoxy C-H3 Glass epoxy Carbon/epoxy fabric PZT ceramic Glass epoxy C-H2 Glass/epoxy Carbon/epoxy fabric Glass epoxy PZT ceramic Glass epoxy C2-Fab Fig. 6.
Santiago, Journal of Micromech.
Kim, Journal of Microelectronic Engineering 71 (2004), p. 119

A perspective heat-resistant bond for tool materials based on tungsten carbide is ceramics based on zirconium dioxide due to its significant crack resistance comparable to cobalt and chemical stability of the ZrO2 – steel system [6], which ensures low diffusion wear of the tool during operation.
Yin "Trends in the P / M hard metal industry" International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Vol.48, January 2015, p.31-45
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Journal of Ceramic Processing Research. 2017 Feb 1;18(2):103-7
Rumyantsev, SPS-sintering of nanosized tungsten carbide obtained by various methods, International Nanotechnology Forum Rusnanotech, Moscow, October 26-28, 2011

This may be attributed to the direct effect of high strength ceramic WC layer at 600°C.
Sellamuthu, “Determination on the effect of tin content on microstructure, hardness, optimum aging temperature and aging time for spinodal bronze alloys cast in metal mold,” International Journal of Metalcasting, 11(2):189-194, 2017 doi:10.1007/s40962-016-0034-6 [6] A.
Ucar, “Comparison of mechanical properties of boronized and vanadium carbide coated AISI 1040 steels,” Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 16(5):326-330 2009
Yapici, “ Fracture behavior of ultrafine-grained titanium under tension at elevated temperatures,” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, vol. 143, no. 4, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1115/1.4047747 [10] S.V.
Yapici, “On the High-Temperature Flow Response of Friction Stir Processed Magnesium Metal Matrix Composites,” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, vol. 143, no. 1, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1115/1.4047966

Wang3,d, Peng Cao1,e 1Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand 2Sir Lawrence Wackett Aerospace Research Centre, RMIT University, Australia 3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, China ahsin287@aucklanduni.ac.nz, bmhay097@aucklanduni.ac.nz, craj.das@rmit.edu.au, dzysgwang@chd.edu.cn, ep.cao@auckland.ac.nz Keywords Metal matrix composites, titanium, hardness, vacuum sintering.
This is due to the higher content of hard and brittle ceramic TiB whiskers formed during sintering.
We would also like to thank the technical staff in the Chemical and Materials Engineering department at the University of Auckland for their help in the present study. 
Song, Surface integrity of milling in-situ TiB2 particle reinforced Al matrix composites, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 54 (2016) 407-416
Lee, A New Rapid Route for In Situ Synthesizing Monolithic TiB Ceramic, Journal of the American Ceramic Soci. 94 (2011) 2754-2756

Feedstock materials to be used are metals and metal alloys, ceramics, cermets (ceramic-metal-composites) or even polymers.
Protective coatings are mainly found in the automotive and aerospace industry, the paper and printing industry, in waste management and energy production, plant engineering or in the chemical and medical industry.
Especially pure ceramic coatings cannot be produced.
The most important industrial fields covered are the automotive sector, gas turbine engineering, paper processing industry, mechanical engineering, off-shore industries and chemical industry.
Neville: Linking electrochemical corrosion behaviour and corrosion mechanisms of thermal spray cermet coatings (WC-CrNi and WC/CrC-CoCr), Material Science and Engineering, part A, Vol. 352, 2003, pp. 202-211, ISSN 0921-5093 [29] Wielage, B., S.

International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Technovation, 2019: 400–404
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering 2021, 4(4): 335–340
International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences 2019, 6(9): 71–75
Procedia Engineering 2013, 54: 252–260
Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 2019, 15(5): 2509 -2521

Chu, "Perspective to Green Manufacturing and Applications," International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 873-874, 2013
Bhuiyan, "A Strategic Development of Green Manufacturing Index (GMI) Topology Concerning the Environmental Impacts," Procedia Engineering, vol. 184, pp. 370-380, 2017
McGeough, Micromachining of Engineering Materials, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2002
Dhupia, "Machine Tools for Machining," in Handbook of Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, London, Springer, 2015, pp. 811-865
Krishna, "Nanofluids as a potential solution for Minimum Quantity Lubrication: A review," Journal of Engineering Manufacture, pp. 1-18, 2016

It is a net shape technology for the traditional ceramic powder with an organic polymer chemical polymerization combined.
Microstructures and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Al-SiC composites containing high volume fraction of SiC, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 527(27-28) 92010) 7235-7240
[5] H Akhondi, E Taheri-Nassaj, Gelcasting of alumina-zirconia-yttria nanocomposites with Na-alginate system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 484(1-2) (2009) 452-457
Preparation of boron carbide-aluminum composites by non-aqueous gelcasting, Ceramics International, 35(6) (2009) 2255-2259
Proceedings of the International Conference on Powder Metallurgy in Aerospace, Defense and Demanding Applications,1995, pp139-146.

Jithendra Naga Sai Babuf *Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, INDIA aprkpvpsit@gmail.com, btata_nr@rediffmail.com, c*ajaybhil8688@gmail.com, drajeshbhukya3122001@gmail.com, e dpnayak75@gmail.com, fjithendra2000i@gmail.com Keywords: Functionally Graded material, Power Law function, ANSYS Simulation, Thermal stress Distribution, pressure vessel.
FGM were developed by Japanese scientists, are designed for some specific kind of applications such as in aerospace engineering, other engineering fields like vibration control and high temperature applications, photonic devices like photodetectors and solar cells.
Journal of Thermal Stresses, 34(10), 1054-1070
Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM), 12(1), 40
Engineer, 2017

Influence of Rare Earth Materials on pH Value and Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) of Drinking Water Lirong Huang* and Yuhang Chen School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou Jiangxi, China huanglirong@sina.com* Keywords: iIon materials, drinking water, pH Value, ORP Abstract.
The ion material can improve pH value and ORP of drinking water which is processed from a variety of natural polarity mineral materials and multi-functional healthy ceramic material. 1.
Journal of Baotou Medical College [J].2006,22(3): p. 336 [3] Z.
Shu: Academic Reports of International, Forum on Ecology about Bama longevity.
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