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The results of the structure characterization of the composites by XRD and TEM showed that the composites had realized nanometer-dispersion.
Lan[1,2] et al and Pinnavaia[3,4] et al recently reported the structure and some properties of montmorillonite/epoxy nanocomposites such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, impact resistance.
This paper describes the preparation, thermal property and plane-strain fracture toughness property of montmorillonite/epoxy(E-44) nanocomposites and their structure characterization.
The curing agent(METHPA) was provided by the Chemistry Department of Tsinghua University.

Thermal Expansion of Aluminate Cement-Based Composite Containing Basalt Fibres with Different Length Dana Koňáková1, a *, Eva Vejmelková1,b 1Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech Republic adana.konakova@fsv.cvut.cz, beva.vejmelkova@fsv.cvut.cz Keywords: Concrete, aluminate cement, basalt fibres, thermal expansion Abstract.
Especially for those structures with higher fire hazard, behaviour of material in higher temperatures is one of the most important characteristic for correct design.
This research has been supported by the Czech Science Foundation, under project No P104/12/0791 References [1] Komonen, J., Penttala, V., Effects of high temperature on the pore structure and strength of plain and polypropylene fiber reinforced cement pastes, Fire Technology. 39 (2003) 23-34 [2] Černý, R., Podebradska, J., Totova, M., Toman, J., Drchalova, J., Rovnanikova, P., Bayer, P., Hygrothermal Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Cements Subjected to Elevated Temperature, Materials and Structures, 37 (2004) 597-607 [3] Li, Z.J., Zhou, X.M., Shen, B., Fiber-cement extrudates with perlite subjected to high temperatures, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 16 (2004) 221-229 [4] L.

However, because of its hexagonal closed packed (HCP) crystal structure and its poor formability and low strength at room temperature[2, 3], magnesium’s application in industry is limited.
Fig.4 shows that, with increasing of extrusion passes, the grain structure distributes more homogenous and its size is small.
After four passes ECAP, there are many refined isometric crystals in microstructure (as shown in Fig.4D), and the homogeneity of the structure has been greatly improved.
Trinkle, First-principles data for solid-solution strengthening of magnesium: from geometry and chemistry to properties, Acta Mater. 58(2010) 5704-5713

It depends on not only air-flow and structure design, but also on a great deal of new materials and advanced technology [1].
Titanium alloy has many virtues, such as high intensity, fatigue-resistance, corrosion-resistance and good chemistry stability, etc.; it can also lighten the weight of structure and can be used in high temperature of 500 0C.
It can be easily seen that underfilled phenomenon does not appear and the interior structure is compact in the formed vane.

The crystalline structure and the phase composition of the calcined samples powder were identified by using a high resolution Bruker Advance D8 XRD diffractometer. 
SEM analysis indicated that the raw fish bones exhibit compact structures as shown in Figure 1.
As expected, higher temperatures are influence to more pure forms of hydroxyapatite, with higher crystallinity degrees and larger crystallite sizes and a less porous structure.
The Royal Society of Chemistry, Dalton Transactions, (2000): 97 – 108 [4] Orlovskii, V.

. ,[] LEA’S Chemistry of cement and concrete. 4th ed.
When kaolinite losses hydroxyl, its structure is transformed from crystalline to amorphous and the silica and aluminum in it are readily to react with alkali, such as Ca (OH) 2, which is the pozzolanic activity (PA) of kaolinite.
At 400-550℃, dehydroxylation of kaolinite happens without destroying the layer structure, so a large number pores produce in kaolinite, which results in the SG decreasing.
With the temperature rising, the layer structure is destroyed and collapsed so that kaolinite becomes densification and the SG increases correspondingly.

Introduction Structural features for higher strength lamellar graphite cast irons are mainly as follows: short, stubby graphite flakes (type A), fine pearlite matrix structure, limited free carbides content, less shrinkage, free from dross and pinholes/blowholes.
Type D Graphite Formation in Inoculated Grey Irons The principal aim of inoculation is to promote type A graphite, but there are many reasons for type D graphite being present and therefore several remedies, related to iron melt chemistry, melting and pouring practice, cooling rate of castings, and inadequate inoculation treatment [2].
A previously presented paper illustrated the undercooling-chill depth-structure relationship in Ca and Sr inoculated grey irons with sulphur levels (0.005 - 0.09%) and oxygen (0.0025-0.010%) [3].
Highly oxidized iron in induction furnace melting can also cause undesirable structures in inoculated grey irons.

Self-assembly of PPV/CdTe Nanocrystal Complex for Photovoltaic Device Yuchen Tian, Lihua Gan*, Mingxian Liu, Zijie Xu, Zhixian Hao, Dazhang Zhu and Longwu Chen Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China Email: ganlh@tongji.edu.cn Keywords: CdTe nanocrystals, PPV, complex, Self-assembly, Photoelectric properties.
This research may provide a thorough understanding for structure-property relationships of the PPV/CdTe complex.
Fig. 2 UV-vis absorption spectra of Fig. 3 Dependence of JSC and VOC on the (PPV/PSS/PPV/CdTe)n film (n=1, 3, 5, 7, 9) number of (PPV/PSS/PPV/CdTe)n multilayers In order to further understand structure-photoelectric property relationships, we prepared seven films of (PPV/PSS/PPV/CdTe)n complex (n=1-7), one film of (PPV/PSS/PPV/PSS)3 and one film of (CdTe)3 on the ITO substrates.
Table 1 Photovoltaic performance of multilayered film Complex structure JSC / (mA⋅cm-2) VOC / V (CdTe)3 0.010 0.26 (PPV/PSS/PPV/PSS)3 0.140 0.48 (PPV/PSS/PPV/CdTe)3 0.305 0.60 Summary In this study, we demonstrated layer-by-layer self-assembly deposition to prepare conjugated polymer/nanocrystals complex.

Introduction Alkali-silica reaction refers to the alkali in cement react chemically with the active material of concrete aggregate,which can make the local volume expansion and result in the concrete crack.Though alkali-silica reaction is known as the "cancer" of the concrete.Its main harm is not only to make the strength of the structure reduce greatly,but also to aggravate the freeze-thaw cycle and the erosion of water and other medium in environment due to the cracks appeared.Because of its harm,the concrete structure’s life is greatly shortened.
Generally the concrete structure’s maintenance for the alkali-silica reaction is often costly,so the most important thing to do for alkali-silica reaction is prevention.
Thus we can conclude that the slate powder does have certain effect on fly ash in suppressing alkali-silica reaction of slate aggregate.when the powder is less than 15% ,slate powder had no adverse effect on suppression .When slate powder is greater than 15%, slate powder increased the effect of suppression. 3 The Mechanism Of Suppressive Effect Of Rapid Mortar Bar Method The slate powder used in this experiment is not just screen out from the artificial sand, but processed into cement fineness by the original rock.According to the surface chemistry theory,along with the decreases of the particle size ,the specific surface area increases.

Hyaluronan Hydrogel/Calcium Phosphates Composites for Medical Application Marina Sokolovaa*, Janis Locsb and Dagnija Locac Riga Technical University, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre, Latvia amarina.sokolova@rtu.lv, bjanis.locs@rtu.lv, cdagnija.loca@rtu.lv Keywords: hyaluronan, calcium phosphate, crosslinking, BDDE, hydrogel, swelling properties Abstract.
Molecular structure of freeze-dried HA and HA/CaP hydrogels was identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, Varian 800, USA) recording spectra in the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) mode.
It was observed that HA hydrogels maintained their stable structure for 14 days and HA/CaP hydrogels for 36 days if kept in PBS solution.
Samples were immersed in PBS solution and it was observed that HA hydrogels maintained their stable structure for 14 days and HA/CaP hydrogels for 36 days.