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Since the properties of polycrystalline materials are often expressed by the average values of those of individual grains, the author [4] recently proposed a method for predicting the bendability from the average Taylor factor of polycrystalline FCC metal sheets calculated using an orientation distribution function (ODF) [5] which expressed a volume fraction of grain orientation.
In general, low carbon steels show high ductility and have a number of glide systems.

Lithofacies and reservoir space characteristics of the Cambrian strata of the Penglaiba profile of the Tarim Basin A: Echelon tensional joints formed by interlayer sliding; B: Edgewise intraclast formed by peristalsis of interlaminar and closely transportation; C: Breccias formed by slope slump; D: Gypsum karst collapse; E: Gypsum karst breccias; F: Various spherical or lenticular holes by gypsum dissolution; G: Stromatolites in the Upper Cambrian; H: Algal bond mound in the Upper Cambrian Qiulitage Formation; I: Grain dolomite in the Lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulak Formation; J: Honeycomb pores by Supergene atmospheric freshwater dissolution; K: Organic acid dissolution of the Upper Cambrian microbial reef dolomite; L: Organic acid dissolution at the bottom of the Xiaoerbulak Formation; M: Hydrothermal alteration dolomite in Lower Qiulitage Formation; N: Dissolution pores developed along strata at the top of the Xiaoerbulak Formation; O: Filling minerals (fluorite, quartz) in dissolution pores
The precursors of grain dolomites distributed at the top of the Lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulak Formation are grainstones developed in the platform margin shoal.
Finally, diagenetic/hydrocarbon fluid and hydrothermal fluid result in large numbers of dissolution pores.

The average calculated value (140 kJ/mol) is equivalent to that obtained in a number of different studies that analyzed the creep response of Mg-Al alloys.
As in other as-cast Mg-Al alloys, the microstructure consists in α-Mg solid solution grains surrounded by a continuous network of precipitates rich in RE (mainly Al2RE), embedded in a matrix of eutectic α.
The Al, Ce and La content inside primary grain was negligible [21].

On the pickled specimen, the grain boundaries around the fracture show some features typical of hydrogen embrittlement-induced cracks, while the untreated specimen displays a pseudo-cleavage fracture surface, and dimples distinctive of a ductile fracture.
If we look closely at Fig. 1, we can observe that a number of cracks generated in the zinc-nickel plating films, and we can speculate that these fissures can discontinue the hydrogen-vacancy clusters formed during plating and discharge them from the substrate.
In a previous study, we prepared the same zinc-nickel plating film on a steel sheet, and evaluated the amount of hydrogen trapped at the surface by hydrogen micro printing; the silver grains that we observed, derived from the reaction of the discharged hydrogen with the added reagent, denoted the presence of the gas near the crack on the film [10].

Investigation of micro-machinability and machinability criteria are very complicate due to very much numbers of influential factors and very complicate cutting mechanism (Fig 1).
Lauro et al. [9] analysed the cutting forces in micro-milling on hardened AISI H13 steel with different grain sizes.
Baldo, Analysis of the forces in micromilling of hardened AISI H13 steel with different grain sizes using the Taguchi methodology, Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 2014 (2014) 1 – 10

Introduction The number of scrap tires reaches 200 million every year in China.
It can be a little lower for the medium-grained and coarse-grained RAM.

Their distinctive performances in high hardness, high strength, good resistance and low coefficient of thermal expansion that could not be found in monolithic materials have promoted a number of applications in different areas.
It is well known that the fine nano-Al2O3 particle dispersed in the matrix can increase the moving resistance of the dislocation and sub-grain boundary effectively.
Grain growth of Al-4Cu-Mg alloy during isothermal heat treatment.

Further studies showed that excellent subsurface microstructural uniformity was achieved in overlapping laser irradiation without forming crystalline grain boundaries [5].
The proposed laser irradiation technique offers a number of advantages: (i) involving no material removal thus preserving the workpiece dimension; (ii) generating no pollutants; (iii) enabling selective processing and processing of complex shapes.
The average size of the abrasive grains was approximately 2 m.

Fig. 4 Microstructure of the bimetallic composite sintered at 1250 ˚C, under 160 MPa for 20 min, (a) cross sectional SEM image of outer side WC-10Co and inner side AISI 4340, (b) EDS layered map of elemental distribution, and (c) SEM image of bonding interface, (d) SEM image of high-density solidification of WC-10Co and grain microstructures.
The total number of 11204 nodes and 8115 hexahedral elements were generated.
Xian, A research on the grain growth of WC–Co cemented carbide, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2, 25 (2007) 121-124

Since Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) analyses [2, 3] show that the as implanted Al profiles are preserved in all the samples of Fig. 5, the trend of the resitivity versus increasing heating rate might be due to: i) an increased number of holes because of an higher fraction of Al atoms in substitutional position, ii) a better hole mobility because of a lower residual damage in the implanted layer or iii) both these causes.
At temperature as low as 800-850°C, a Solid Phase Epitaxy (SPE) regrowth of the SiC amorphous layer starts but the reconstructed <0001> 4H- or 6H-SiC layer is so defective that the regrowing crystal rapidly converts to an epitaxial 3C-SiC structure made of tilted grains [28].
In particular, when the reconstructed layer converts to polycrystalline 3C-SiC and the as implanted Al concentration overcomes the solubility limit, a strong Al out-diffusion through the grains boundaries takes place until the Al solubility value is reached [25, 29].