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The S/N ratio for the LB characteristics of the current ECA extrusion process is given by William & Creveling [10] and Belavendram [11] as: (2) where n is the number of simulation repetitions under the same design parameter conditions, yi indicates the obtained results, and subscript i indicates the number of design parameters arranged in the Taguchi orthogonal array (OA).
Table 3 S/N ratio for Y-load (punch load) in Ti-6Al-4V ECA extrusion process (Ro=Ri=6mm) Experiment number A B C D Y Load (kN), y1 Y Load (kN), y2 Average Y Load (kN) S/N ratio 1 1 1 1 1 1.62 1.67 1.645 -4.32 2 1 2 2 2 1.14 1.17 1.155 -1.25 3 1 3 3 3 1.45 1.52 1.485 -3.43 4 2 1 2 3 1.38 1.39 1.39 -2.86 5 2 2 3 1 0.257 0.265 0.261 11.67 6 2 3 1 2 3.35 3.51 3.43 -10.71 7 3 1 3 2 0.233 0.231 0.232 12.69 8 3 2 1 3 2.74 2.82 2.78 -8.88 9 3 3 2 1 0.676 0.703 0.690 3.22 Mean of the total sum 1.452 -0.43 Table 4 Factor response table for S/N ratio (Ro=Ri=6mm) Control factor A B C D Level 1 -3.00 1.84 -7.97 3.52 Level 2 -0.63 0.51 -0.30 0.24 Level 3 2.34 -3.64 6.98 -5.06 Effects 5.34 5.48 14.95 8.58 Rank 4 3 1 2 Analysis of variance The results of the simulation trials were investigated using the ANOVA statistical analysis method.
Langdon, Principle of equal-channel angular pressing for the processing of ultra-fine grained materials, Scripta Materialia 35(2) (1996)143-146

Soil texture is one of soil properties used to describe the relative proportion of different grain sizes of mineral particles in a soil.
The texture and number of the soil samples used in the study was listed in Table 1.
Table 1 Texture and number of soil samples Mixed Group Thick Group Thin Group Code Texture Num.
It means that the number of left side points is equal to the one of right side points.

An image analysis system (Image-Pro® Plus) was used to determine liquid fraction, average globule size, the number of globules per unit area and roundness of globules Evaluation of hydrogenation properties For the purpose of evaluation of hydriding/dehydriding behaviors, partially remelted Mg-10Al/ Mg-6Mn Mg alloys were machined to chips by drilling and crushed to granules (around 1� 10�) by premilling for 1and 4hr under 2MPa hydrogen atmosphere.
In the case of partially remelted Mg-10Al alloys, with increasing predetermined temperature from 843 to 870K, the liquid fractions were varied from 15% to 65%, the number of solids (i.e. globules) increased and the average size of solids decreased with the roundness (i.e. aspect ratio) approaching toward "1"(i.e. sphere.).
Even though the average size of solids was measured to be around 136� and the number of solids decreased dramatically at 879K condition, according to the effect of increased fraction of liquid droplets, fraction of liquid area reached about 43% entirely.
(Fig.1 and Fig. 2) Fig. 1 Microstructural evolutions of the grain refined Mg-10Al (a) 843K, (b) 863K and Mg-6Mn (c) 870K, (d) 879K as a function of isothermal holding temperature �������� ��REX�HV������� ��VR�
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HPPS grain-size analyzer was used to measure the size distribution of chitosan nanoparticles in the dispersion system.
The test determines the reduction in the number of bacterial cells after placing the sample in a shaking flask for 24 h.
After incubation at 37℃ for 24 h the number of colonies formed on the agar plate was counted and the results were expressed as mean colony forming units per milliliter, after incubation.
Percentage bacterial reduction was calculated according to the following equation: where R is the percentage of bacterial reduction; B and A are the average number of live bacterial cells per milliliter in the flask of the control and chitosan nanoparticle finishing agent or treated fabrics, respectively.

Because the metal is in the grain boundary, the physical properties of inhomogeneous; actual metal material general contain some impurities, and chemical properties are not uniform; and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in seawater and seawater temperature, may not distributed uniformly.
Table 1 Offshore wind machine technical parameters Producers (country) Unit model Rated power/Kw The impeller /m Impeller speed/rpm Leaf number Vestas V80-2.0MW offshore 2000 80 variable speed 9-19 Bonus Bous 2MW/76 2000 76 Synchronous speed 11-17 Nordex N80/2500KW Offshore 2500 80 variable speed 10-16 NEG-Micon NM72/2000 2000 72 Synchronous speed 12-18 GE Wind Energy GE3.6 Offshore 3600 100 variable speed 8-15 Enercon E-112/4.5MW 4500 114 variable speed 8-13 Offshore wind turbines foundation structure Offshore wind turbine foundation structure of offshore wind power generation cost is one of the reasons for the high.
Cost analysis Offshore drilling platform based cost accounts for a large part of costs, taking into account the wind farm to the deep water area of development, which must choose a semi-submersible structure, and average cost can be reduced by the increase in the number .
Volume calculation Can be installed wind power unit number According to the principle of choosing 12+6+1 = 19.

Applying such models in the frame of finite element calculations the number of 'CALLs' of the integral routine may quickly reach the order of millions, a demanding task even for high-speed computers, resulting in hours of CT.
Using these numbers by the following simple equations (PE - 'Eshelby part', PR - 'remaining part') : 100% = PE + PR ; 23% = PE / 4.5 + PR (2) the original PE follows as 99% !
Explicit Expressions For practical applications it is very important, that the Eshelby solution of the original problem was able to describe ellipsoids, because such an approximation of grain forms is much better than a spherical model.
For the dominant number of C-data sets σ0 ≤ 0.5 , and about 40% of the sets had a σ0 ≤ 0.1 .

Cu based SMAs display great damping effect, sound absorption capacity, mechanical vibrations and mechanical waves because of the grain size, high quality, high forbearanceto corrosion, low preparing expenses and simple manufacturing [4].
In control plate, it was observed that the number of variable colonies of E.Coliwere 1200cfu/ml whereas in dilutions 10-5 and 10-6the number of variable colonies in CAM1 are 580 and 300 and in CAM2 476and 260cfu/ml respectively for growth of E.Coli.
The number of manually counted colonies appeared on the Petri plates are given in Table. 4.

,sh) with s∈{1,…,m} for appropriate functions ψ, the time-discretized form of Eq. 9, utilizing the classical Euler implicit scheme, working with the uniform decomposition of I to a finite integer number m of sub-intervals of the same length h=τ/m, reads a(v,D2ums)+b(v,ums)+c(v,ums)=Fms(v) ∀ v∈V (10) where D2ums=h-2(ums-2um s-1+um s-2)∈W, Fms(v) means F(v) with fi and gi replaced by fims and gims and s (here and later) is an arbitrary index from {1,…,m}.
Thanks to the quasi-linearity of Eq. 9, for a large class of domains Ω, as from those consisting of a finite number of particular grains, without any cracks inside, it is possible to derive u in Eq. 9 from the limits of the sequences of Rothe, constructed from Eq. 10.
Simple identification problems (with a small number of constants, identified from static tests, microscopic observation and numerical calibration) are handled applying the least squares or the conjugate gradient approaches in [3, 15] where selected computational applications to a) structural alloys, b) an intermetallic alloy TiAl, c) long fibre composites and d) special ceramics (as silicone nitride) are documented, too.

There are three zones with different contrast in the SEM photograph, i.e. dark zone (around number 1), grey zone (around number 2) and white zone (around number 3), and the grey zone is between the dark zone and the white zone.
With carefully observations, the Ti3SiC2 grain size is between 5μm ~15μm and distributes uniformly in the Cu matrix.

However, in case of the occurrence of any failure, the mass production will automatically result in a great number of defective products.
Although the number of measurements is relatively small, we can conclude that the methods applied can give fairly identic7al results.
Since in case of specimens of grade EK the number of micro-voids are not decreased during firing, the surface effect clearly predominate.
The temperature during the enamel firing is significantly higher than the coiling and annealing temperature, therefore, both the partial dissolution and re-precipitation of some carbonitrides and grain coarsening of a ferrite can be expected.