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Online since: September 2011
Authors: Qing Zhu Zeng, Cai Qin Gu, Peng Liu
The Thermal and Rheological Properties of Starch Plasticized in Glycerol-Water Mixture
Peng Liu1, a, Caiqin Gu1, b, Qingzhu Zeng1, c
1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
aliu_peng@gzhu.edu.cn; bgcq86@163.com; cqingzhuzeng@yahoo.com.cn
Keywords: Glycerol-water mixture; Thermoplastic starch; Thermal and rheological properties
Abstract.
In glycerol-rich systems, XG (glycerol molar fraction) > 0.8, the addition of water disrupts the inherent structures of glycerol and water without sufficient compensation by binding the water to the glycerol.
In water-rich state (glycerol ratio is less than 50%), water self-interactions persist in mixture and no inherent structure of glycerol exists.
In glycerol-rich state (glycerol ratio is more than 90%), the addition of water cannot disrupt the inherent structure of glycerol completely.
In glycerol-rich systems, XG (glycerol molar fraction) > 0.8, the addition of water disrupts the inherent structures of glycerol and water without sufficient compensation by binding the water to the glycerol.
In water-rich state (glycerol ratio is less than 50%), water self-interactions persist in mixture and no inherent structure of glycerol exists.
In glycerol-rich state (glycerol ratio is more than 90%), the addition of water cannot disrupt the inherent structure of glycerol completely.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yu Huan Zhao
Activated carbon is a typical representative of carbon materials, which is an excellent adsorbent, with unique pore structure and surface functional groups.
Pay attention to the study of control and pore structure on surface modification.
The details of its pore structure still need further understanding.
Reinforcing exchanges and cooperation of many subjects of materials, chemistry, physics, environment and others, strengthening the combination of the industry with R & D, will promote the development of carbon materials of our country, conform to the trend of international new technology, expand the scope of application of carbon materials in the field of environmental protection, and accelerate the development of China's emerging environmentally friendly industry.
Pay attention to the study of control and pore structure on surface modification.
The details of its pore structure still need further understanding.
Reinforcing exchanges and cooperation of many subjects of materials, chemistry, physics, environment and others, strengthening the combination of the industry with R & D, will promote the development of carbon materials of our country, conform to the trend of international new technology, expand the scope of application of carbon materials in the field of environmental protection, and accelerate the development of China's emerging environmentally friendly industry.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Wahyu Tri Cahyanto
The bifunctional mechanism is the mechanism whereby each different metal has its original function, while the ligand effect is a direct effect of the change in the surface electronic structure due to the alloying metal.
On the other hand, in the ligand mechanism, the changes in the electronic structure of Pt weaken the Pt-CO bond [6].
Somorjai, Introduction to Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, John Wiley & Sons Inc, New York, 1994
Herzberg, Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure IV.
On the other hand, in the ligand mechanism, the changes in the electronic structure of Pt weaken the Pt-CO bond [6].
Somorjai, Introduction to Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, John Wiley & Sons Inc, New York, 1994
Herzberg, Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure IV.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Shinobu Fujihara, Shintaro Ueno, Hirokazu Utsunomiya
Low-Temperature Fabrication of Dye-Sensitized ZnO Electrodes via Zinc Hydroxide Acetate by Utilizing Liquid Phase
Shintaro Ueno1,2,a, Hirokazu Utsunomiya2 and Shinobu Fujihara2,b
1Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
2Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
asueno@yamanashi.ac.jp, bshinobu@applc.keio.ac.jp
Keywords: Dye-sensitized solar cells, Low-temperature synthesis, Wet process, Zinc oxide
Abstract.
The sheet structure of LHZA is no longer observed for the films immersed for 3 h or over, while the macropores still remain in the films.
The macro- and nano-porous structure of the ZnO film is maintained after the water treatment (Fig. 4 (d)).
We are now trying to control the nanostructures of ZnO films for maintaining the sheet structure of as-prepared LHZA by adjusting the dissolution rate of LHZA.
The sheet structure of LHZA is no longer observed for the films immersed for 3 h or over, while the macropores still remain in the films.
The macro- and nano-porous structure of the ZnO film is maintained after the water treatment (Fig. 4 (d)).
We are now trying to control the nanostructures of ZnO films for maintaining the sheet structure of as-prepared LHZA by adjusting the dissolution rate of LHZA.
Online since: August 2018
Authors: Beata Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk
Admixture effectiveness depends on the chemistry of the cement and water, as well as that of the other chemical and mineral admixtures.
PN-EN 480-1 [5] and porosity structure parameters of concrete made with the participation of the air-entraining innovative cement.
The porosity structure parameters of concrete acc.
[2] Md, Safiuddin, et al., Air-void Stability in Fresh Self-consolidating Concretes Incorporating Rice Husk Ash, Advances in Engineering Structures, Mechanics & Construction.
PN-EN 480-1 [5] and porosity structure parameters of concrete made with the participation of the air-entraining innovative cement.
The porosity structure parameters of concrete acc.
[2] Md, Safiuddin, et al., Air-void Stability in Fresh Self-consolidating Concretes Incorporating Rice Husk Ash, Advances in Engineering Structures, Mechanics & Construction.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Baharin Azahari, Siti Rohana Yahya, Azura A. Rashid, Farah Nadiah Hamdan
The main components of starch are the linear structures of amylose and branched structures of amylopectin consist of glucose units linked by glucosidic linkages.
Tomoko, Effects of Environmental Temperature on Structure and Gelatinization Properties of Wheat Starch, Cereal Chemistry. 80(2003) 476-480
Tomoko, Effects of Environmental Temperature on Structure and Gelatinization Properties of Wheat Starch, Cereal Chemistry. 80(2003) 476-480
Online since: July 2016
Authors: Nobuyoshi Nakagawa, Hirokazu Ishitobi, Yurina Ino
A recent quantum chemistry calculation showed adsorbed OH on Pt has a poisoning effect on the C–C cleavage [9].
The catalyst morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and crystal structure of the composite catalyst was analyzed X-ray diffraction (XRD).
The crystal structure of the Pt/SECNF was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Thus, the crystalline size of SiO2 was not calculated and analysis of crystal structure of SiO2 was not performed.
The catalyst morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and crystal structure of the composite catalyst was analyzed X-ray diffraction (XRD).
The crystal structure of the Pt/SECNF was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Thus, the crystalline size of SiO2 was not calculated and analysis of crystal structure of SiO2 was not performed.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Miao Ying Cheng, Jung Pin Wang, Hsi Chi Yang
From the 10000x SEM photo of Figure 1, the C-S-H gel at the paste part at the 7 day age appears needle shape and forms mash structure, but at the 14 day age, the C-S-H gel appears three layers of C-S-H combined to flower shape, as shown in the 10000x SEM photo of Figure 3.
The structure of flower shape hydration products at this stage is denser than that at the 14 day age.
K.Mehta, Concrete Structure, Properties and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey( 1986)
M.Lee, The Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, Chemical Publishing Company, Inc., New York( 1971)
The structure of flower shape hydration products at this stage is denser than that at the 14 day age.
K.Mehta, Concrete Structure, Properties and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey( 1986)
M.Lee, The Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, Chemical Publishing Company, Inc., New York( 1971)
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Xiang Guang Chen, Lei Wu, Qiang Yang, Han Liu
The overall structure framework of filter part is shown in Fig. 1.
The overall structure framework of measurement and data transmission is shown in Fig. 2.
The overall structure framework of measurement and data transmission Principle of total sugar content measurement.
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry,2007,pp.14-18
The overall structure framework of measurement and data transmission is shown in Fig. 2.
The overall structure framework of measurement and data transmission Principle of total sugar content measurement.
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry,2007,pp.14-18
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Nadia Saidi-Amroun, Mohamed Saidi, Abdeselem Beldjilali
In 1976, Shirakawa, MacDiarmid, and Heeger found that iodine-doped PA exhibits electrical conductivity many orders of magnitude higher than neutral PA, and they received the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work in this area.
Polyacetylene material Polyacetylene (PA) material has a structure consisting of alternating single and double carbon–carbon bonds in an organic linear chain.
A general characteristic of PA is its fibrillar structure [4].
Each domain is composed of a helical structure of bundles of fibrils.
Polyacetylene material Polyacetylene (PA) material has a structure consisting of alternating single and double carbon–carbon bonds in an organic linear chain.
A general characteristic of PA is its fibrillar structure [4].
Each domain is composed of a helical structure of bundles of fibrils.