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Especially in case of LILW waste disposal facility structure, the occurrence of deterioration phenomenon results in the reduction of durability and safety as the structure, and even significantly influences on structural integrity and leakage resistance, which can be led to more serious impact than that in the case of ordinary concrete structures.
Such problem also occurs in nuclear power plant currently being under operation in Korea, but there exists not enough comprehensive data and technology about deterioration factors and deterioration phenomenon.

Introduction Photochromic compounds undergo a photo-induced reversible isomerization process between two isomers with different absorption spectra upon irradiation with light of appropriate wavelength [1-4].They exhibit different chemical and physical property changes such as their absorption spectra, refractive indices, dielectric constants, oxidation-reduction potentials, and geometrical structures because of their molecular structural changes [5-8].
The photoinduced alteration of chemical and physical properties of photochromic molecules is of great interest because of its potential applications for ultrahigh density optical data storage and photoregulated molecular switches [9-11].

The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx is one of the most effective technology for NOx removal with NH3 as the reducing agent which turns NOx into nitrogen gas [1-2].
The test data of several Korean incinerators also indicates that NH3-SCR process can coupled control NOx and chlorobenzene by vanadium catalyst [6-7].

(a) Samples for 3D investment casting (b) Vase printed with transparent PET+ filaments Fig.2 Resin materials for 3D printing Different container models and components have been further modified respectively, compared with CAD data models, and modified repeatedly, then the final design proposal and realistic design sketch have been obtained.
Development Trends of 3D Printing Technology With the continuous development of 3D printing technology recently, substantial reduction in the cost has made it march into the mainstream market from the small space of R & D with an irresistible development momentum, it has become a new field raising rapidly on the civilian market with extensive social concern.

The output voltage from PVDF was measured using a data acquisition DataQ Instruments.
Analysis of method and MEMS for acoustic energy harvesting with application in railway noise reduction, Proceedings of International Conference On Innovations, (2011) Vol. 3

The reinforcement content was controlled by image analysis, with Image Pro-Plus software; the volume content of the Al2O3 particles ranged from 19 to 21% and was therefore in agreement with data from the producer (20% in vol.).
The tests carried out by increasing the sliding velocity to 1.8 m/s, led to a severe wear regime already at the lowest load in the experiment (10 N), as highlighted by the data in Fig. 5.
An increase in sliding velocity leads to, in fact, an increase in the heat dissipated due to friction [31, 32], with a consequent reduction of the resistance to the plastic flow of the material, of a growing nature to the increase of the applied loads.
This involves, on the one hand, higher wear rates, on the other, a reduction of the coefficient of friction, up to values of approx. 0.4, as the graph in Fig. 7-b shows.
This was ascribed to two main factors: (i) the achievement of a critical temperature of the matrix, which led to a reduction in the plastic flow resistance of the matrix, as well as to (ii) phenomena of fragmentation and avulsion of the reinforcing particles.

The equipment consists in: (i) a blank-holder, (ii) a female die with different cavity shapes for generating on the blank different forming conditions, (iii) a pneumatic circuit for gas supply with an Argon cylinder, proportional electronic valves, steel tubes in proximity of the forming chamber and flexible polyurethane tubes in colder zones, (iv) an electric furnace with its electronic controllers for upper, central and lower zones which can be set with three different temperatures for compensating thermal dispersion, (v) thermocouples to monitor thermal condition on the sheet and on the tools, (vi) a transducer for measuring, during bulging test, the dome height on the specimen and (vii) a PC with a data acquisition I/O device by which pressure, temperature, blank holder force can be monitored and managed.
Second, the post-forming characteristics, in terms of thickness distribution along the sheet and microstructure in the most deformed area of the sheet, are not significantly influenced by this time reduction.
The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated for a simple prismatic geometry of the die cavity but it can be widen to all geometries considering in each situation which is the best compromise between forming time reduction and required post-forming performances of the component.
This approach can be considered valid also for further reasons as: (i) in the conventional approach, at the beginning of the forming process, the most critical area undergoes to very low strain rate values and this can be excessively damaged since it’s well known the bell shaped curve of the strain rate sensitivity index as a function of the strain rate, (ii) if static grain growth takes place, the reduction of forming time is beneficial for all the sheet even if a small portion has been monitored in the pressure optimization.
Zhang, Material modelling data for superplastic forming optimisation, Materials Science and Engineering A 410–411 (2005) 100–104

The more data points are chosen so much the better is the stress-strain curve represented.
An advantage of asymmetric behaviour is that the reviewing of results is easier and straightforward because all data is written on the contact side.
The most efficient way for time reduction is to change the number of Substeps in conjunction with rotation per step.
An additional reduction of the “number of divisions on edges”, speed up the computational time.
Merely a small gap reduction results for the lowest pull forces.

Most of these studies focused on stiffness reduction and the weight of concrete saving based on the slab thickness and the bubble balls arrangement in the concrete structure.
Later, the recorded data was used to calculate the deflections values of the slab.
If there was a decrease in the displacement observed from the data logger, the final response measurements were recorded as the residual deflection [14].
As the load was removed gradually from the slab, the deflection values showed a significant reduction in the slab’s deflection.
Therefore, even though the bubble deck slab may reduce the amount of concrete used in the construction there are disadvantages in the reduction in the load-carrying capacity and the need for special construction and handling techniques required on the site.

In numerical examples the maximum natural frequencies are obtained with/without the shear deformable effect, and the differences between both cases are clarified by using numerical data for wide ranges of thickness ratios and boundary conditions.
This reduction is based on a physical observation that the outer layer has more stiffening effect than the inner layer in bending of laminated plates, and the idea is interpreted as an assumption that the optimum lay-up [θ1/θ2/…/θK]S,opt for the maximum natural frequency of laminated plates can be determined sequentially in the order from the outermost to the innermost layer.
For problems considered in the paper, the input data are: (1) material constant ( 1 2 12 23 12 , , , , E E G G ν ), (2) dimensions of plates (a, b, h), (3) boundary condition index (i.e.
The decrease is more evident for more constrained plate (i.e., CCCC plate with 23.6 percent reduction) than less constrained, more free plate (e.g., CFFF plate with only 4.4 percent reduction).