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Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University ae-mail : wahyos_metftub@yahoo.com, be-mail : suharno@eng.ui.ac.id, ce-mail : jwsono@metal.ui.ac.id, de-mail : dedi@metal.ui.ac.id Keywords: Porosity, disharmony, duralumin, vacuuming, model Abstract.
Some of the excess properties of duralumin difficult to surpass by other aluminum alloy, such as strength to weight ratio is high, heat-treatable, weldability, and impact resistance at cryogenic temperatures.
Both of these factors in Fig. 5 are shown in the horizontal direction to the addition of copper and vertical directions for vacuum pressure.
In the case of increased porosity in duralumin with copper 4.5 wt% higher than the 4.0 wt% it was caused by the cooling factor.
· Copper addition 2.5 – 4.5 wt% Cu in duralumin affecting linearly to duralumin porosity.

Generally, the mechanical properties were close to copper, while the thermal conductivity was lower than both bulk copper and tungsten.
Additionally, the properties of such a composite material can be tailored over a wide range.
The quality of the filler/matrix interface plays a key role for macroscopic properties, both thermal and mechanical.
Vol. 69 (2003), p.303-307 ]; tests have indicated satisfactory insulating and mechanical properties as well as thermal cycling behavior.
Conclusions Problems of availability of adequate materials and their correct choices in terms of their properties and service life is one of the key factors in further development of accessible fusion energy.

Study on Planetary Reduction Gears Motion Simulation and Profile Correction Based on Virtual Prototype Weiguo Cai1,a, Li Li 2,b and Mingzhi Li 3,c 1 School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China 2College of Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China 3 College of Navigation and Shipbuilding Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China a cwg@dlou.edu.cn, b lili@dlou.edu.cn, climingzhi@dlou.edu.cn Keywords: Virtual Prototype; Planetary Reduction Gears; Motion simulation; Profile Correction Abstract: Aiming at the current situation of long cycle and high cost for planetary reduction gears designing and manufacturing in the field of engineering machinery, analysis on the environment has been established by using reducer virtual prototype in this paper, simultaneously the article brings forward a strong realization system from virtual simulation to finite element analysis.
The virtual prototype technology uses computer to establish digital model of mechanical system before physical prototype, simulate and analyze all kinds of real condition of the product, and forecast various properties of the product in order to provide theoretical guidance [2].
In the practical work, the choice of the modified method of cycloid and modification amount is the key factor that affects meshing error of cycloid needle wheel.

Thus these flat surfaces have materials properties that lead to field enhanced emission from the nanoscale sites.
The UNCD films exhibit a number of interesting materials properties, including enhanced field emission, and electrochemical, as well as mechanical, tribological, and conformal coating properties suitable for micro-electro-mechanical system devices [15, 17].
The overall output current density is increased by a factor of up to 1.16, and increased by a factor of 1.06 by the increased emitter surface area alone.
To determine the material properties, the data obtained at the lowest applied field was fit to the Richardson equation (Eq. 1).
This value is consistent with field enhancement factors obtained from fitting the room temperature I-V to the Fowler-Nordheim expression for similar films.

The performance of magnetostrictive materials is affected significantly by temperature.
Let KF be conversion factor from to F, so that, where .is piezomagnetic coefficient.
Through the theory analysis of the amplification mechanism, we can get that its amplification factor is 30.
However, the property of its isotropy is far from the anticipation; so proposing a novel 5-DOF parallel mechanism is necessary and urgent. 1 This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51175105) and Shenzhen Key Lab Research Scheme (Project No.
Journal of Mechanical Strength, Vol.23, No.2, pp.156-160, 2001

The classic definition of compatibility is due to Rabinowicz [1], who associated this property to the observation of limited solid and liquid solubility of the two metals in the tribocouple.
On the other hand, the cold-rolling of thin cast slabs requires excellent control of the solidification process, as phase distribution and the presence of casting defects may adversely affect the workability of the slabs.
The nucleation of a Cu-rich nonequilibrium phase from the Cu-rich melt at temperatures higher than the ones predicted based on equilibrium conditions could indeed be favoured by kinetic factors, i.e. by the higher probability for the formation of a nucleus with this composition [8,9].
It is thus possible that the kinetic factors again select a reaction path which favours the formation of a non-equilibrium phase at higher temperature and richer in Cu that what is predicted based on the equilibrium diagram.
Adhesion of solids: Mechanical aspecs.

It is rather surprising owing to the fact that the polyols are already known by their good biocompatibility, mechanical, and chemical properties.
Table 1 Physicochemical properties of polyols.
When reacted with the appropriate aged asphalt, they could restore its physical and mechanical properties.
Sporns, Physical Properties of Polyurethanes Produced from Polyols from Seed Oils: I.
Rossi, Glycerol: Properties and Production. in: J.H.

But the characteristics of prestressed reaction in the fire is still no clear mechanism of the physical and mechanical, and the qualitative factors of fire- resistance properties and the key parameters of its fire resistant design are lack of systemic study, and these issues need to be in-depth analysis and solution.
The experiments of 26 unbonded prestressed concrete flat beams under fire were accomplished, the macroscopic phenomenon occurred in tests were recorded, and the main mechanical properties were measured and studied.
Mechanical properties of concrete and reinforcement are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Fig.1 Details of basic specimens Table 1 Mechanical properties of concrete Ratio of the weight Batches of specimens Cubic compressive strength /MPa cement water sand stone 1st batch 50.2 2nd batch 45.5 1 0.390 1.906 2.951 3 batch 40.2 Table 2 Mechanical properties of reinforcement Reinforcement grade Yielding strength / Mpa elastic modulus / MPa ultimate strength / MPa HPB235，ф6 353.4 2.1×105 494.7 HRB400， 12 496.5 1.99×105 651.2 фj15 1580.2 1.98×105 1788.6 Test Equipment and Data Acquisition The experiments at high temperature are accomplished in the large structures electrical heating furnace that is manufactured independently.
Early in the heating, the specimen deformation wass smaller, while the temperature was higher, the deflection had of a larger growth and the deformation rate was increased, the reason is that the mechanical properties of concrete materials such as elastic modulus and strength degraded more serious at high temperature.

The concentration dependence of the light absorption properties causes the photo-stimulated diffusion to be non-linear even when a concentration independent coefficient of thermo-stimulated diffusion is assumed.
Introduction Amorphous chalcogenide semiconductors are known to exhibit changes of wide variety of their optical, mechanical and physico-chemical properties under exposure to light with photon energy equal or larger than the optical band gap of the material.
The photoinduced changes of different properties, accompanying the structural transformations, can be used for optical recording and for fabrication of optoelectronical microelements.
Such a model reflects well the optical absorption properties of the above-mentioned multilayers and the typical experimental conditions used in photo-diffusion and optical recording studies [1-5].
Since the exact concentration dependence of the optical absorption coefficient is not known we supposed a linear dependence of α on the concentration (actually the deviation of concentration dependence of optical properties from linear is small [14,15] and we believe that this simplification does not affect the results substantially).

Three factor-three level orthogonal tests were carried out, i.e. so orthogonal arrays were adopted.
The temperature that measured at the cutting zone with TH4105 portable thermal infrared imager was actually affected by the chips and dust.
The microstructure and properties of a nickel base superalloy FGH95 [J], Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 1993.15(1):1-9 [7] E.Q.Ezugwu, Z.M.Wang, A.R.Machado, The machinability of nickel-based alloys: a review [J], Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1999.1(16):1-15 [8] S.H.Zhang, B.F.Hu, H.Y.Li, et al.
The microstrcture and properties of a nickel base superalloy FGH95 [J], Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 1993.15 (1):1-9
Effect of Inclusion on Mechanical Properties of Powder Metallurgical Superalloy[J], Special Steel, 2001.22 (1):25-28