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The modular application in mechanical area began in the last century.
So the separation of determining factor and completion time of module parameters achieved.
Case Study Some large-scale laser facilities armored forces school system, realizes LRU which under the guarantee cleanness request's premise constitutes by the optical element and the mechanical part (Linear Replace Units) the position variation and in the installment installment, the disassemblage, the replace and so on.
Module solution is in satisfies the module function request and under the constraints premise realizes, mechanical and electrical coupling relations' and so on coupling, size coupling processing complete in the module solution process, may use the parallel projects to carry on the module solution.
This paper established the modular manufacturing frame for CoPS and the modularized process, basen on the definition of parametrized module of function, interface relations, working performance, structure and material properties, geometry parmeter, and discusses the key issues and key technologies of the modular manufacturing process, including modular decomposition, modules solved and optimization, module integration.

Phenolic contents in olives affect the color, nutritional value of olive fruit, and the stability of olive oil and possess antimicrobial properties.
Color, especially in extra virgin olive oil is one of the first sensory properties of the food valued by consumers and can be considered as a quality parameter that affects the acceptance [46].
The L* value can be a maximum of 100, which means it has excellent reflective properties.
Ay, Physical, optical and mechanical properties of BNNSs/PVB coatings under UV irradiation, Emerg.
Golberg, Large-Scale Fabrication of Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Their Utilization in Polymeric Composites with Improved Thermal and Mechanical Properties, Adv.

New and recently developed semi-solid metal processing are able to attain higher level of properties and performances.
In the same figure the tensile properties measured on some machined samples are indicated.
In this way it is possible to define tensile properties for massive samples and for thin samples.
Yield strength and UTS properties for A356 T6 samples machined from space frame.
[11] Rosso M., Peter I., “New frontiers for thixoforming”, International Journal of Microstructure and Materials Properties, Vol. 8, Issue 1-2, 2013, pp. 113-124 [12] Zhen Z., Ma Qian, Ji S., Fan Z., “The effects of rheo-diecasting on the integrity and mechanical properties of Mg–6Al–1Zn” , Scripta Materialia 54 (2006), 207-211, ISSN 1359-6462

We also obtained several morphologies of Fe3S4 MCs by changing sulfur sources, and investigated their absorption properties.
The other objective is to study the effects of morphologies on the absorption properties.
Absorption Properties.
In order to further understand the influence of morphologies on the absorption properties, we investigated the optical properties by UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometric, as shown on Fig. 6.
Therefore, the morphologies of the samples had great impact on absorption properties.

Properties of workpieces, like residual stress in the rim zone, cannot be predicted for manufacturing technologies reproducible in advance.
As the Process Signatures shall achieve comparability for different processes with same physical working principle, it is necessary to describe the transition from material loadings to the change of material properties in a uniform way.
Finally first approaches for the combination of the main material loadings and the change of material properties are presented.
Introduction Within all manufacturing processes the Electrochemical Machining process (ECM) has the unique feature that the material properties in the rim zone of the workpiece are not affected by the process itself.
Hence it is necessary to extend equation 1 either with an efficiency factor η as a current efficiency or to correlate the material removal and the current density with the specific material removal rate Vspec., that both have to be determined with experiments up to now (Figure 1b) [2, 3] Figure 1: (a) principle of ECM [4]; (b) dissolution rate of steel 42CrMo4 But unlike as often assumed the electric current or the current density J cannot be the cause of material dissolution or the change of material properties, due to the simultaneity of the development of electric current and material dissolution.

Due to their unique properties of high mechanical and thermal stability, electrical and catalytic activities.
Hence, these high temperature phases of tetragonal and cubic with excellent thermal stability, chemical resistance, mechanical properties and oxygen ion conductivity are normally found more stable at high temperatures [5].
The room temperature thermal stabilized tetragonal ZrO2 with excellent mechanical and electrical properties, such as fracture toughness, high strength and hardness have been used in structural ceramic [10].
During higher temperature reaction, all the excess precipitate (cations and anions) dissolve and react with the hydrous oxides which affect the morphological properties of the material [32].
Vercher, "Exposure factors influence stone deterioration by crystallization of soluble salts," Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2015, 2015

Study revealed the effect of various factors on static friction coefficient, and the decreasing friction.
In order to better analyze the factors of the compaction effect to different soil, the test selected a representative group of the particle for particle distribution by screening method.
Table 1 Data of acceleration, frequency and settlement Shaker Table Factors Frequency (Hz) 25 40 80 25 40 80 Acceleration (m/s 2) Measured Acceleration (m/s 2) Measured Settlement (mm) 20 21.85 16.28 20.21 0.58 0.46 0.48 30 31.06 26.39 28.79 0.69 0.58 0.62 40 42.15 38.26 40.25 0.91 0.78 0.82 50 52.34 50.89 51.40 1.16 0.84 0.95 60 63.26 61.07 62.13 1.29 1.10 1.18 80 85.27 82.16 84.29 1.65 1.31 1.52 90 85.13 81.98 84.26 1.62 1.38 1.63 Table 2 Data of acceleration, frequency and settlement Shaker Table Factors Frequency (Hz) 25 40 80 25 40 80 Acceleration (m/s 2) Measured Acceleration (m/s 2) Measured Settlement (mm) 20 23.53 21.48 22.76 1.98 1.81 1.85 30 38.41 34.69 36.52 2.11 1.95 2.01 40 49.67 44.23 46.37 2.23 2.06 2.13 50 62.11 60.07 60.84 2.46 2.39 2.42 60 73.45 66.47 72.53 3.13 3.05 3.08 80 95.14 87.75 93.87 4.06 3.89 4.03 90 92.24 86.11 87.46 4.16 3.95 3.97 Table 3 Data of acceleration, frequency and settlement Shaker Table
Wen: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol. 40(11) (2004), p. 1-6
Liu: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol. 39(10) (2003), 21-26

In addition, tanks has been densely arranged, once a single tank has an accident, it will likely affect other tanks, Resulting in catastrophic domino effect.
Fire Explosive is that explosive properties of gases and liquid leakage have been Ignited by a certain effect of the fire .The primary damage form is radiation for people and property.
(3)flame surface heat flux （7） Where,Q is the total heat flux (w), η is the efficiency factor , the value of 0.35, Hc heat of combustion ,the value of 45980kJ/kg.
Fire affects the surrounding environment by way of radiant heat.
According to the probability of injury model, different heat flux cause personal injury or property damage in the table 1.

Early reviews highlighted the comparatively low efficiency of DAR (up to 40% less than conventional systems) and identified factors affecting performance, including the integration of solar energy [3, 4] This growing body of literature reflects a focused scientific effort to address the limitations of DAR systems and enhance their performance.
In 2002, Srikhirin [64] studied the performance of a bubble pump and its effect on the cycle, revealing that efficiency depended on pump properties and mass transfer, achieving a COP between 0.09 and 0.15 with a cooling capacity of up to 180 W.
In 2007, the limitations of DAR technology in small household units were analysed, revealing that using a multi-tube bubble pump could enhance performance without affecting COP [66].
These findings highlight the complex landscape of scientific cooperation, influenced by factors such as geographical proximity, shared research priorities, and long-standing diplomatic relations.
These factors are critical to enhancing efficiency.

Introduction Polymer-based beads showed promising results after they have been integrated into cells, drugs, and growth factors [1], [2].
Polymer beads as well as drug and growth factor carriers were selected because of their ability to monitor and target areas, both in vivo and in vitro.
These magnetic beads can be detected and visualized mainly in the affected areas through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [5], [6].
The goal of this study is therefore to find results relating to the chemical, structural, thermal, and magnetic properties as well as the biocompatible existence of manufactured magnetic alginate beads and biofilm for biomedical application.
Noh, Dual Growth Factor-Loaded Core-Shell Polymer Microcapsules Can Promote Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis, 22 (2014) 1320–1329