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Synthesis and Characterization of Bimetallic Fe/Co Nanocatalyst on CNTs for Fischer-Tropsch Reaction
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi, Sardar Ali, Duvvuri Subbarao
The reduction of iron oxides generally takes place in two steps.
The degree of reduction (DRT) is defined as the ratio of hydrogen consumed for the complete reduction of metal oxides from ambient temperature to 800°C to the amount of hydrogen calculated for this complete reduction [8].
Hydrogen consumed, given by the TPR profiles, was used to calculate the degree of reduction.
Chemisorption data for the CNTs-supported nanocatalysts Catalyst DRT(%)a Amount CO adsorbed [µmol/g] Co 89.3 9.0 70Co30Fe 93.3 13.2 50Co50 Fe 72.0 7.7 30Co70 Fe 78.0 5.8 Fe 60.0 6.3 Figure 3 shows the XRD patterns of the monometallic and bimetallic nanocatalysts on CNTs.
The catalytic activity and product selectivity data were calculated after 5 hours of time on stream.
The degree of reduction (DRT) is defined as the ratio of hydrogen consumed for the complete reduction of metal oxides from ambient temperature to 800°C to the amount of hydrogen calculated for this complete reduction [8].
Hydrogen consumed, given by the TPR profiles, was used to calculate the degree of reduction.
Chemisorption data for the CNTs-supported nanocatalysts Catalyst DRT(%)a Amount CO adsorbed [µmol/g] Co 89.3 9.0 70Co30Fe 93.3 13.2 50Co50 Fe 72.0 7.7 30Co70 Fe 78.0 5.8 Fe 60.0 6.3 Figure 3 shows the XRD patterns of the monometallic and bimetallic nanocatalysts on CNTs.
The catalytic activity and product selectivity data were calculated after 5 hours of time on stream.
Online since: April 2008
Authors: Nobuyuki Kido
Reduction of glass defects.
Cost reduction of refractory.
The matching of each refractory's service life is also achieved with this inspection because the inner structure of each block is recognized and installed at the proper position based upon these data.
Thus, the inner structure inspection of the sidewall blocks can be performed and the data of the blocks are available for the installation positioning of the blocks.
Such data are also available for the determination of the electrode hole position after the campaign started.
Cost reduction of refractory.
The matching of each refractory's service life is also achieved with this inspection because the inner structure of each block is recognized and installed at the proper position based upon these data.
Thus, the inner structure inspection of the sidewall blocks can be performed and the data of the blocks are available for the installation positioning of the blocks.
Such data are also available for the determination of the electrode hole position after the campaign started.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Bernd-Arno Behrens, Anas Bouguecha, Milan Vucetic, Stefanie Betancur Escobar, Amer Almohallami, Nelly Weigel, Christina Stukenborg-Colsmann, Matthias Lerch, Ingo Nolte, Karin Lucas, Patrick Wefstaedt
For the examination of the feasibility of the concept, CT-data of canine pelvis geoemtries are
used because of the large number of CT data, which were aviable for the project.
Furthermore 8 different analysis are executed where always 1 basic geometry is compared with the remaining 7 basic geometries.Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Data 4 1.
Deduction Level Data 1/2 Data 1/3 Data 1/4 2.
Deduction Level Data 1-2/1-3 Data 1-2/1-4 3.
Deduction Level Reference Test Fig. 5: First deduction sheme of the universal geometry Universal 2 Data 2 Data 1 Data 4 Data 3Data 3/4 Data 1/2 1.
Furthermore 8 different analysis are executed where always 1 basic geometry is compared with the remaining 7 basic geometries.Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Data 4 1.
Deduction Level Data 1/2 Data 1/3 Data 1/4 2.
Deduction Level Data 1-2/1-3 Data 1-2/1-4 3.
Deduction Level Reference Test Fig. 5: First deduction sheme of the universal geometry Universal 2 Data 2 Data 1 Data 4 Data 3Data 3/4 Data 1/2 1.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Liu Liu, Bao Sheng Wang, Qiu Xi Zhong, Hai Liang Hu
And it has been used of solving the redundancy of attribute and data.
Decision tree has been widely used in data mining techniques, because it is efficient, fast and easy to be understood in terms of data classification.
It is a discrete-valued function approximation method of noise data with good robustness and can learn disjunctive expression.
Decision tree is easy to understand and implement, it is also possible to directly reflect the characteristics of its data.
Definition4 Information gain [9] is a measure of the standard with respect to the ability to attribute classification training data.
Decision tree has been widely used in data mining techniques, because it is efficient, fast and easy to be understood in terms of data classification.
It is a discrete-valued function approximation method of noise data with good robustness and can learn disjunctive expression.
Decision tree is easy to understand and implement, it is also possible to directly reflect the characteristics of its data.
Definition4 Information gain [9] is a measure of the standard with respect to the ability to attribute classification training data.
Online since: May 2020
Authors: Elena V. Nikolaeva, Iraida V. Korzun, Irina D. Zakir'yanova
The differential scanning calorimetry and the method of cooling curves are used to obtain data on liquidus temperatures of oxide-chloride systems Gd2O3 – K Cl - GdCl3.
Alloys of gadolinium with cobalt and iron possess unique magnetic properties and, therefore, are applied for the production of data storages with high recording density.
The recorded melting temperatures (603 and 763 оС) and enthalpies (150 and 339 J/g) are in good agreement with the literature data [18, 19].
Results and Discussion We received data on liquidus temperatures of chloride-oxide systems Gd2O3 - GdCl3 - KCl, with the content of gadolinium oxide up to 0.09 mol. fraction.
This fact is consistent with the available literature data [6, 20] on the solubility of certain rare-earth oxides in molten mixtures of alkali metal chlorides.
Alloys of gadolinium with cobalt and iron possess unique magnetic properties and, therefore, are applied for the production of data storages with high recording density.
The recorded melting temperatures (603 and 763 оС) and enthalpies (150 and 339 J/g) are in good agreement with the literature data [18, 19].
Results and Discussion We received data on liquidus temperatures of chloride-oxide systems Gd2O3 - GdCl3 - KCl, with the content of gadolinium oxide up to 0.09 mol. fraction.
This fact is consistent with the available literature data [6, 20] on the solubility of certain rare-earth oxides in molten mixtures of alkali metal chlorides.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Ya Ping Zhang, Chun Xiao Liu, Guo Zhu Cheng
Data Collection and Analysis
Data Collection.
Therefore, data was observed on March 17, 18 and ~19, 2010, which meet the requirement slight snow.
On the other hand, data in sunny weather was observed on April 22, 2010.
Observed intersection’s timing data was shown as table 1.
Observed data of vehicle’s starting loss time in sunny and slight sowny weather were listed in table 2.
Therefore, data was observed on March 17, 18 and ~19, 2010, which meet the requirement slight snow.
On the other hand, data in sunny weather was observed on April 22, 2010.
Observed intersection’s timing data was shown as table 1.
Observed data of vehicle’s starting loss time in sunny and slight sowny weather were listed in table 2.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Wei Hua Zeng, Zhe Liu
Chinese scholars have started studies on carbon emission reduction policies simulation since the late 1990s.
MARKAL model is a 3E model based on dynamic programming method, and many scholars use it for scenario simulations of carbon emission reduction policies and strategies optimization, and also technology options.
Sato determined Japan's major energy and energy technology options in the future based on analysis of CO2 reduction potential from 1990 to 2050 using MARKAL model.
The energy service demands for most sector s and subsectors are projected via regression analysis using historical data (1978– 2000), which provides the relationships between the energy service demands and the key indicators such as GDP or per capita GDP, etc.
For the sector s and subsectors without enough historical data for the regression analysis, the per capita energy service demands are projected via the comparison s with those of OECD countries in the year with the same level of per capita GDP as China’s future. 2 Optimization framework for Low-carbon Technology Development based on 3E model 2.1 Technology roadmap for Low-carbon Technology Development MARKAL model will be used to study low-carbon technology development roadmap.
MARKAL model is a 3E model based on dynamic programming method, and many scholars use it for scenario simulations of carbon emission reduction policies and strategies optimization, and also technology options.
Sato determined Japan's major energy and energy technology options in the future based on analysis of CO2 reduction potential from 1990 to 2050 using MARKAL model.
The energy service demands for most sector s and subsectors are projected via regression analysis using historical data (1978– 2000), which provides the relationships between the energy service demands and the key indicators such as GDP or per capita GDP, etc.
For the sector s and subsectors without enough historical data for the regression analysis, the per capita energy service demands are projected via the comparison s with those of OECD countries in the year with the same level of per capita GDP as China’s future. 2 Optimization framework for Low-carbon Technology Development based on 3E model 2.1 Technology roadmap for Low-carbon Technology Development MARKAL model will be used to study low-carbon technology development roadmap.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Jian Ping Zhang, Zun Yi Shang, Hong Zhi Wang
To overcome this problem, in this paper, a novel feature selection method is proposed to reduce data dimension of network traffic.
Based on three multi-class classification methods, performance comparison is conducted by actual traffic data with 10-fold cross-validation.
The principle of PCA is to convert the original data into a new coordinate system through linear transforming [11].
Experiment data is selected randomly from the Moore set used in [3]; there are totally 10280 samples be selected and each sample includes 248 features.
The experiment data is divided into 10 equal parts; we choose one part in turn as testing set and the rest 9 parts as training set, and conduct classification.
Based on three multi-class classification methods, performance comparison is conducted by actual traffic data with 10-fold cross-validation.
The principle of PCA is to convert the original data into a new coordinate system through linear transforming [11].
Experiment data is selected randomly from the Moore set used in [3]; there are totally 10280 samples be selected and each sample includes 248 features.
The experiment data is divided into 10 equal parts; we choose one part in turn as testing set and the rest 9 parts as training set, and conduct classification.
Online since: October 2004
Authors: Yeong Maw Hwang, Hua Liang Hu, Yi Chun Tang
From the
experimental data (N=18), C, a, and b for the rolling results v1, v2, ω 1, ω 2, and φ , can be obtained as
given in Table 3.
From these figures, it is known that the errors between the predicted values and the experimental data are all within 10%.
From the comparisons of the predicted values and the experimental data, it is known that the proposed empirical equations can predict effectively the axial and angular speeds at the entrance and exit of the roll-gap and the twisting angle under these rolling conditions.
NSC-89-2212-E110-042. 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 Experimental Data Predicted 1 (rpm) 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 Experimental Data Predicted 2 (rpm) Fig. 8 Comparisons of the predicted values Fig. 9 Comparisons of the predicted values and the experimental data.
and the experimental data References [1] T.
From these figures, it is known that the errors between the predicted values and the experimental data are all within 10%.
From the comparisons of the predicted values and the experimental data, it is known that the proposed empirical equations can predict effectively the axial and angular speeds at the entrance and exit of the roll-gap and the twisting angle under these rolling conditions.
NSC-89-2212-E110-042. 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 Experimental Data Predicted 1 (rpm) 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 Experimental Data Predicted 2 (rpm) Fig. 8 Comparisons of the predicted values Fig. 9 Comparisons of the predicted values and the experimental data.
and the experimental data References [1] T.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Wei Wang, Ji Liang Zhang, Bao Yin Li
The Voltage and loss reduction capability of nodes are regarded as input indices.
Losses Reduction Capability of Nodes References [9] regard the loss reduction by injection of nodal reactive load current as nodal loss reduction capability.
It can not really reflect nodal loss reduction capability.
So under the assumption of reference [9], this paper regards the maximum loss reduction by injection of nodal reactive current as nodal loss reduction capability.
Assuming that the cost of energy loss is 0.5¥/kWh, planning time span is 10 years, is 10 kvar, capacitor installation charge is 20000¥/Mvar, A single line diagram of this distribution system is shown in Fig. 1 and the line and load data are tabulated in Table 2.
Losses Reduction Capability of Nodes References [9] regard the loss reduction by injection of nodal reactive load current as nodal loss reduction capability.
It can not really reflect nodal loss reduction capability.
So under the assumption of reference [9], this paper regards the maximum loss reduction by injection of nodal reactive current as nodal loss reduction capability.
Assuming that the cost of energy loss is 0.5¥/kWh, planning time span is 10 years, is 10 kvar, capacitor installation charge is 20000¥/Mvar, A single line diagram of this distribution system is shown in Fig. 1 and the line and load data are tabulated in Table 2.