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It is also observed that the Nusselt number is highly affected by volume fraction and Rayleigh number.
Chuan-Chieh Liao [5] carried out numerical investigations for steady natural convection of Al2O3 - H2O nanofluids having temperature-dependent properties inside a differentially heated square enclosure.
The thermo-physical properties of the components used in the analysis are summarized in Table 1.
Another factor taken in consideration for natural convection is the volume fraction of nanoparticles.
Campo, Effect of nanofluid variable properties on natural convection in enclosures, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 49, 3 (2010) 479-491

Fig. 1, Test Set up Material Properties.
Material properties details of the material used in this study
· Synthetic Macro Fiber: The synthetic macro fiber used in this project is commercialized under the brand name of Strux 90/40 and is mainly made of polypropylene and polyethylene and it has geometry and mechanical properties that enhance dispersibility in the concrete mix.
Fig 3, Cracking Pattern: Slab with A142 Steel Mesh (Left), and Slab with Synthetic Fiber (Right) Summary The test results revealed that the type and quantity of the secondary reinforcement is a primary factor affecting the diaphragm capacity and behavior of composite metal decks.

Reducing weight of car body is a dominant factor in improving fuel efficiency.
The mechanical properties of dissimilar joints have been drawing intense research interest [1, 2] under high-speed loading condition.
Previous researches for the laser lap welding of steel sheets [3–5] found that the rotation around the weld bead during the tensile shear test affected the maximum load of the lap joint.
The strength properties of the base steel are listed in Table 1.
Table 1 Tensile properties of steel sheets used in this study.

Thermal Characteristic Analysis CNC Multi-Grinding Machine Gyeong-Tae Bae1, a, Bo-Sung Kim1,b, Ji-Hun Pak1,c, Hong-Man Moon2,d, Jung-Pil Noh1,e, Sun-Chul Huh1,f 1Department of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Gyeonsang National University, South Korea 2Duck Heung Co., Ltd, South Korea aTae1004ceo@naver.com, b mplusw35@naver.com, c idwave@naver.com, dhong10000@hanmail.net, enohjp@gnu.ac.kr, fschuh@gnu.ac.kr Keywords: Hydrostatic Bearing, Built-in Motor, Multi-functional Machine Tool.
Accordingly, hydrostatic bearings are essentially used for the spindle of a machine tool as an alternative, which has an advantage that it can maintain high precision and stiffness with no abrasion since only viscous friction of fluid is left as solid friction is eliminated by the hydraulic pressure that is formed between the journal bearing and the spindle. [1] As the existing hydrostatic spindle has a structure in which power is transmitted by an external motor using a belt, vibration and noise generated during a high speed machine work come to affect the machining accuracy of the machine part.
The thermal deformation of the X axis was measured to be 3.68 ㎛ by the rpm and the temperature of the hydrostatic bearing, and the direction of the Y axis, which is directly affected by the grinding work, is influenced by the acceleration of gravity.
The materials used for the parts that consist of the hydrostatic wheel head were GC300, SM45C, and SCM415, of which the material properties are as shown in Table. 2 below: Table 2 Material properties of SM45C, GC300 and SCM415 Material Properties Density [㎏/㎥] Poisson's Ratio[v] Young's moduleus[GPa] Thermal conductivity [W/m·k] SM45C 7,850 0.28 209.0 51.9 GC300 7,300 0.25 90.0 54 SCM415 7,860 0.30 205.8 44.5 Fig. 5 shows the thermal deformation of the hydrostatic spindle in the directions of X, Y and Z axes, and is the result of the analysis conducted applying the thermal load generated at 2,860 rpm.
In consequence, the directions of each axis of the hydrostatic spindle confirmed that the temperature of the hydrostatic was the main factor of generating heat for the hydrostatic spindle.

The performance and cost of ORC were affected considerably by the type and physical properties of working organic fluids.
The main properties of R113 are given in Table 1.
The power output of ORC system can be expressed as (3) where, ηG is generator efficiency and ηm is mechanical efficiency.
Properties of R113 Properties Unit Value Molecular weight Kg/kmol 187.88 Critical pressure Bar 33.9 Critical temperature ℃ 214.06 Boiling point temperature ℃ 47.59 Results and discussion The parameter values of the ORC system model for the base case are shown in Table 2.
The reason is that the enhancement of the enthalpy difference between turbine inlet and outlet is dominant factor with the increase of turbine inlet pressure.

However, under mechanical ventilation and self-diffusion, the high temperature and toxic and harmful gases will constantly spread downwind of the roadway or certain areas, which threatens substations, winch room and workers' escape.
In the second stage of smoke dilution, in order to balance the smoke heat loss and increase the safety factor to ignore the heat exchange.
Combined with the role of other explosion gases, the shock wave with high detonation velocity and overpressure can be easily generated, which is greatly negative to underground structures, equipment and facilities affecting the entire coalmine.
[2] XU Jingde, in: The Study on Gas Explosion Wave Propagation Law and Affected Factors in Mine, edited by CUMTB, Beijing (2002)
[10] WANG Congyin, in: Study on the property of high cohesive force and propagation mechanism of flame for gas explosion, edited by CUMTB, Beijing (2001)

Additionally, SiC nanomaterials, such as nanowire, nanowhisker, nanobelt and nanochain [3-6], indicate novel properties and more promising applications, as compared to the bulk SiC ceramic.
Therefore, the relatively longer processing time (2 hrs) may be the key factor, why current nanowires mainly consist of β-SiC.
In the reported works, it was found that the kinds and the quantity of metal catalyst significantly affected the growth mode and the final morphology of nanowires.
Furthmüller, Polytypism and properties of silicon carbide, Phys.
Vakifahmetoglu, Fabrication and properties of ceramic 1D nanostructures from preceramic polymers: a review, Adv.

Accordingly sintered parts generally contain porosity, typically of the order of 10%, with consequent reductions in mechanical properties.
Differentiation needs to be made between closed porosity, exclusively present for densities above some 95% theoretical density, TD, and not seriously detracting from the mechanical, including fatigue, properties, and open (or interconnected) porosity, concurrently present with the closed, at lower densities.
High temperature sintering >1200C has been found important to produce the best combination of static and dynamic mechanical properties [1], which precludes methane injection to current industrial furnaces.
He and the other early researchers, however, failed to obtain adequate reproducible mechanical properties due to dew points being too high.
Regarding microstructures and mechanical properties of 3Mn steel, technical nitrogen with a dew point of –55C proved as successful a furnace atmosphere as equally dry hydrogen, as illustrated in Table 2.

Introduction Titanium alloy, with good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, is used widely in the areas such as aviation, navigation, nuclear power plant, petrochemical, medical device and so on.
And appropriate technique and transition metal are both key factors that maximum cut down the formation of brittle intermetallic compound and carbide [7].
Region E contains Ni middle layer due to insufficient diffusion, and the layer’s thickness is affected by Ni foil’s thickness, connecting temperature and cycle frequency.
The SEM and EDS of tensile fracture To analyze the properties of diffusion bonding, the tensile fracture of sample 2 was analyzed by SEM.
Effect of temperature on formation of reaction products and strength properties of titanium and stainless steel joints using copper interlayer.

Concrete early cracks would seriously affect the durability of concrete.
(2) According to "Test Method Standard for Properties of Ordinary Concrete Mix" GB/T50080-2002, mixing concrete, pouring it into test mode, pounding several times with rod and surface rolling with scraper
Experiment Results and Discussion The concrete of cross-sea bridge works in wicked natural condition, so high strength, high impact resistance, high wear resistance, high resistance to chloride ion permeability properties were requirement by the concrete of cross-sea bridge.
By the analysis of the composition of cementitious materials and hydration heat temperature tests, found that heat of hydration was too large using the original mix proportion, and the content of silica ash was too high, with 46% sand rate was too large, these factors are easy to make concrete crack early.
From the result of mechanical properties test and durability test, the new mix proportion can meet the requirement of engineering.