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Additionally, the results are consistent with the data of electrochemical noise (EN) that is generated of type 40Cr steel exposed to the acidic chloride solution and seawater.
Time to failure (Tf), reduction in cross-sectional area (RoA) and specific fractographic features of SSRT test specimens are chosen to characterize SCC susceptibility.
In this study Electrochemical noise (EN) analyses by direct observation were carried out on the potential and current data obtained on type 40Cr steel exposed to the different media.
The electrochemical noise data were collected using a sampling rate of 2 Hz.
The results of reduction of area (ROA) at different strain rates are shown in Figure 1.

Achieving the carbon emission reduction target is very hard, therefore, changing the economy dependence on energy consumption development mode and improving technology level are the most important way for CO2 emissions reduction in Tianjin of China.
Li et al [6] use STIRPAT model and panel data methods, the use of the elasticity coefficient analysis of demographic factors, economic factors and technical factors on the impact of carbon emissions in the different regions.
Therefore, we took Tianjin as a study site because of its significance to achieve the carbon reduction target for China as the first batch of low-carbon economy city [8], and used Tianjin’s energy, population and economic data 1995-2008.
In Section3, we clarified the data resources.
Economy and population in the paper are from the 1996-2009 Tianjin Statistical Yearbook, the relevant data are shown in Table 2.

ajwpan@vt.edu, bchengjq@vt.edu, ctomonari@vt.edu Keywords: Data fusion, Probabilistic full-field measurements, Material characterization Abstract.
The developments in data fusion have seen improvements of the full-field measurements in a variety of imaging applications.
Multi-camera Data Fusion of Probabilistic Full-field Strain Measurements Multi-camera Data Fusion of Dot Locations.
It is noted that the left superscript d indicates the data fusion results.
Robinson: Data reduction and error analysis for the physical sciences (McGraw-Hill, Boston 2003)

The Voltage and loss reduction capability of nodes are regarded as input indices.
Losses Reduction Capability of Nodes References [9] regard the loss reduction by injection of nodal reactive load current as nodal loss reduction capability.
It can not really reflect nodal loss reduction capability.
So under the assumption of reference [9], this paper regards the maximum loss reduction by injection of nodal reactive current as nodal loss reduction capability.
Assuming that the cost of energy loss is 0.5￥/kWh, planning time span is 10 years, is 10 kvar, capacitor installation charge is 20000￥/Mvar, A single line diagram of this distribution system is shown in Fig. 1 and the line and load data are tabulated in Table 2.

The validation of the used model with the experimental data was done by predicting the stiffness reduction as a function of crack density.
Firstly, validation and comparison of the used model and the experimental data [15] were done by predicting the stiffness reduction due to transverse cracking for glass/epoxy [θ/90]s angle ply laminate.
First, A comparison with experimental data is done for a symmetric [θ/90]s glass/epoxy laminate [15] which is subjected to uniaxial loads.
These figures exhibit the prediction on axial modulus reduction using the present model and the experimental data published by Joffe et al. [15].
The obtained results show that the predicted model is in good agreement with the experimental data.

The analysis results indicated that with the increase of the depth of hinge joints, the transverse tensile stress, vertical shear stress and longitudinal tension stress were all showed regular distributions, and with the increase of the depth of hinge joints from 10cm to 26cm, the maximum reduction value of transverse tensile stress in hinge joints was 3.25MPa, the reduction range was 51.9%; the maximum reduction value of vertical shear stress was 1.06MPa, the reduction range was 77.9%; longitudinal compressive stress decreased gradually, and longitudinal tensile stress increased; the maximum reduction value of hinged plates deflection difference was 0.16mm, the reduction range was 36.4%; the transverse tensile stress of hinged plates’ bottom increased.
There was no definite provision of hinge joints depth in code, considering the thickness of plates were 30cm, the value range of hinge joints depth was 10cm~26cm, the data interval was 4cm, so there were 5 value of depth can adopted, the analysis of each depth including centre load and side load.
It was unnecessary to analysis all data of every hinge joints, the hinge joints of maximum stresses were enough.
For point 1, with the depth of hinge joints increased from 10cm to 26cm, the reduction values of stress were 0.74MPa, 0.63MPa, 0.43MPa and 0.26MPa respectively, this shown that with depth increasing, the impact of transverse stress on top of hinge joints by depth of hinge joint decreased gradually.
With the depth of hinge joints increased from 10cm to 26cm, the reduction value of transverse tensile stress was 3.25MPa, reducing range was 51.9%; the maximum reduction value of vertical shear stress was 1.06MPa, reducing range was 77.9%; the maximum reduction of deflection difference of slab was 0.16mm, reducing range was 36.4%.

According to the data, the masteralloy-including mix showed higher shrinkage at 1100 and1300°C which suggested better sintering activity especially at high temperature.
The results of oxygen measurement shows that Mix 2 is better in oxide reduction for both temperatures of 900 and 1100°C.
More rounded and bigger pores at 1300°C also shows higher level of sintering for the masteralloy-containing mix which is in a good agreement with the data in table 3.
This affects the subsequent reduction process by diminishing formation of more stable complex oxides with resulting better carbon diffusion and oxide reduction at the temperature range of 800°C to 1000°C.
It can be concluded that reduction of the stable oxides started earlier in the specimen containing masteralloy.

According to Khodakov [6] the reduction of Co3O4 could be ascribed to successive reduction reactions, at low temperature between 100-350 °C, occurs a partial reduction of Co3O4 precursors and the reduction at higher temperature, which is attributed to the reduction of Co2+ species to metallic Co0 in accordance with Enache [7] who observed different reduction peaks between 400-600°C as shown in following reactions: Co3O4 + H2¦ 3CoO + H2O (6) 3CoO + 3H2¦ 3Co0 + 3H2O (7) Fig. 2.
The data were recollected and normalized obtaining regular distributions of crystallite sizes with regular morphology and characteristic interplanar distances for each system in the principal reflection planes, as shown in Fig. 3 d, e. and f
Particle size distribution data determined from transmission electron microscopy on samples of Co3O4 powders and b.
From TEM data and XRD analysis, it was possible to calculate the unit cell of oxide system, by means the use of ELMIX software, permiting to stablish a simulation of some crystalline parameters, as shown in Fig. 5 b. and Table 4.
Results are in agreement with those obtained by experiemntal data, and therefore confirm effectiveness of calculated crystalline parameters Table 4.

The author presents the mathematical basis used for an identification of internal structures of mechatronic machines and reduction it to the series-connected blocks.
Most problems are connected with gathering of process data (especially an operational history of considered devices).
Presented representation of system includes the possibility of: universal application in case of technical devices with the same or similar structural and functional characteristics, an identification of the current state and the volatility of the key numerical values (states classification used in a predictive model), reproduction of the error propagation path (based on the identified key parameters and their contents), registration of key parameters (the possibility of using database systems) in order to a modification or the development of predictive models of monitored devices based on historical data [4], [5].
However, a larger number of variables requires processing of data by numerical methods.
Sławik, Application of a nonlinear data-driven model to rapid design of disc-spring valve systems, Management Manufacturing and Materials Engineering 452–453 (2012) 1365–1369

The reduction of indigo dye into its leuco form is shown in Fig 1.
The alkaline solution was needed for reduction of indigo dye.
The reduction process (vatting) of indigo dye was allowed for 30 minutes.
The optimum vatting condition was analyzed from the obtained data.
This is explained that the reduction of the indigo dye into its leuco form is preferable at higher temperature.