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Lignin has an aromatic, three-dimensional polymer structure[4].
These figures above illustrated that the quaternary ammonium salt has been grafted onto the structure of lignin.
Adsorption of lead from aqueous solutions onto technical hydrolyzed lignin, Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry，2000，(28): 150- 156

The morphology and size of nano-SiO2 were measured using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM); The crystal structure of the samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction.
The crystal structure of samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, Fig. 4 showed two images of sample NS-1: (a) XRD diagram of silica prepared without a calcinations process, (b) XRD diagram of the calcinations temperature of silica was 500 ℃.
Gijs: Procedia Chemistry.

Activated carbon is carbon treated at high temperature with a physical or chemical activating agent producing an internal porous particle structure and has been used for many years in wastewater treatment [2].
Attapulgite clay is a crystalline hydrated magnesium silicate with a fibrous morphology, large specific surface area and moderate cation exchange capacity, which is beneficial for the adsorption of heavy metals from solution[3].Basing on the aforesaid traits of diatomite-attapulgite composite nano-size adsorbent and attapulgite-zeolite composite nano-structure adsorbent on removal of pollution, a new activated carbon-attapulgite composite adsorbent was prepared using activated carbon and natural attapulgite through compounding, granulation and calcination [4].
It is clear that the adsorbent is in the mesopores and macropores region according to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), pores are classified as micropores (<2nm diameter), mesopores (2-50nm diameter)and macropores (>50nm diameter) different from general activated carbon adsorbent with micropores distribution [5].

Within HTPB, AP particles are scattered as filler in the reticular structure of the adhesives, and combines with the interfaces through hydrogen bond and polarity.
For the permeating of AP for waste propellant, the water goes through the solid-liquid interface into the reticular structure of the adhesives to dissolve the AP crystal and then, through diffusion, it reaches the water solution [3-4].
Solid propellant chemistry and technology [M].

Unit Fuel Control System’s Structure The unit load controller essentially maintains the balance between thermal power in the boiler, and mechanical-electrical power developed by the turbine generator.
Variations of the controller structure are also possible, e.g. the use of derivative control in the feedforward signals.
Morari, Internal model control-4: PID controller design, Industrial Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development 25(1986) 252-265

Metal structures based on this mechanism can usually act as back contact at the same time [9, 14].
Though the performance of solar cells was decreased, the light trapping structures were designed and fabricated very well for traditional crystalline Si solar cell, and the light trapping effect of Ag nanoparticle arrays was not obvious, only parts of light were blocked.
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 62: 1587-1597 (2001)

When the length scale is reduced to nanometer, some of the factors, such as surface structure, surface adhesion, and surface chemistry which are usually ignored in conventional analysis, become greatly important in micro/nano electromechanical systems(MEMS/NEMS) due to their high surface-to-volume ratio.
In conclusion, surface II has a better structure than surface I to reduce friction forces for most cases.

Application of Pd/C Catalyst to Degradation and Utilization of Nitrobenzene in Water Zhang Qunfenga, Ju Yaomingb , Ma Leic, Lu Chunshand , Li Xiaoniane* Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China aemail: zhangqf@zjut.edu.cn, bemail: juyaoming060@163.com, cemail: malei@zjut.edu.cn, demail: lcszjcn@yahoo.com.cn, e*email of corresponding author: xnli@zjut.edu.cn Keywords: nitrobenzene, catalytic degradation, utilization, Pd/C Abstract.
Fig. 2 TEM image of fresh Pd/C The structure parameters, surface area (SBET), pore volume (V), and pore radius (d) of the activated carbon and Pd/C catalyst are listed in Table 5.
The parameters of activated carbon are similar to Pd/C catalyst, which indicates the influence of Pd loading on activated carbon on structure parameters is negligible.

And through the mechanism study to guide design and synthesis the molecular structure of water reducing agent.
Consequently, in the synthesis process, there is optimal dosage of initiator making the polymerization has higher reaction rate to get the required molecular structure at the same time.
Polymer chemistry [M].

Chemometric and Experimental Investigations of Organogelation Based on β-Cyclodextrin Amornrat Klaewklod1,a, Vimon Tantishaiyakul1,2,b,* ,Tanatchaporn Sangfai1,c, Namon Hirun3,d, Supagorn Rugmai4,e 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112 Thailand 2Nanotec-PSU Center of Excellence for Drug Delivery System, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112 Thailand 3Theoretical and Computational Modeling Research Group, School of Science and School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand 4Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon-Ratchasima 30000, Thailand aamornrat.kk@hotmail.com, bvimon.t@psu.ac.th, ctanatchaporn.sf@gmail.com, dnamon.hi@wu.ac.th, esupagorn@slri.or.th Keywords: β-Cyclodextrin; Organogel; PCA; WAXS; LMWG Abstract.
Introduction A low molecular weight gelator (LMWG) can self-assemble into elongated fibrillar structures and develop entangled networks via various types of non-covalent bonds.
These parameters for the other solvents were calculated from their molecular structures using molecular modeling pro plus software (ChemSW).