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RE doping leads to the formation of RE-rich phases in interdendritic space and along grain boundaries of matrix phase (A2 disordered solid solution of Ga in α-iron lattice).
The binary alloy magnetizes faster reaching the highest value of μtot with a pronounced peak around 0.15 T (Fig. 1b), which indicates that a high number of domain walls are activated (displacing) and involved in the magnetization process even by a small applied magnetic field.
Acknowledgment The research was supported by Mobility and Reintegration Programme of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (MoRePro) number 19MRP0061.

The scientific and technical literature provides a large number of examples of the significant influence of natural anisotropy of the crystals properties both on the metal forming processes and the performance of a wide range of products [2, 5-10].
At the same time, a number of articles note that in comparison to the definite behaviour of the isotropic medium while forming anisotropic sheets and strips the formability of a metal and a product performance can significantly increase.
Arikat, Anisotropic properties of high permeability grain-oriented 3.25% Si-Fe electrical steel, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 30 (1994) 928-930

Acrylic resin has a relatively poor resistance to fatigue fracture, which is mainly responsible for the large number of denture repairs carried out annually [2].
Increasing the amount of initiator increases the initial number of active chains but reduces their mean lengths at the end of the reaction [14].
All surfaces were wet-grinded with metallographic grinding papers which having a grain size of 30µm (P500), 18 µm (P1000), and 15µm (P1200) until edges were smooth and flat.

The machining force F1m (magnetic force F1m=Fm/m, m: the number of particles) acting on the magnetic particles is a function of the volume and magnetic susceptibility of the magnetic particles in the magnetic field [2].
(a) In the case of magnetic abrasives (b) In the case of magnetic machining jig Fig.2 Schematics of the magnetic field assisted machining process using magnetic abrasives and using a magnetic machining jig As shown in Fig.2(b), the machining force of a magnetic particle is decided from Fn ( the magnetic force between the magnetic machining jig and magnetic pole, F1n=Fn/n, n: the number of particles), Therefore, the size of magnetic particles can be selected freely even if the magnetic force Fn enough, and the precise machining can be achieved.
The magnetic particles, abrasive grains, and lubricant was renewed every 20 min.

The workpiece material for sawing was gray granite consisting of approximately 25% quartz of 1.0-1.5 mm grain size, 55% plagioclase, 15% alkaline feldspar, and 5% mica and other constituents.
Due to the difference in diamond hold, the percentage of Serial grinding number 0 5 10 15 20 25 Vertical force, Fv (N) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Uncoated Coated Serial grinding number 0 5 10 15 20 25 Horizontal force, Fh (N) 0 10 20 30 40 Uncoated Coated Pull-out Advances in Materials Manufacturing Science and Technology 80 weight loss for the segment with coated diamonds was found to be about 75% of that for the segment with uncoated diamonds.

Meanwhile, the number of bubbles were more, the size of bubbles got bigger and the micro-jet speed of collapse of bubble was higher.
The surface smoothness of casting was less, nano-TiN particles distributed unevenly when micro electroforming without ultrasonic as shown in Fig.5(a); The smoother surface, the higher consistency and finer grains were observed from Fig.5(b) and Fig.5(c) with increasing of ultrasonic power.
The reasons leading to the above results from Fig.4(c): with the excessive ultrasonic power, much more severe the cavitation bubbles collapse, more the number of vortex, higher the speed of vortex, greater impact shock pressure in the interface of electrodeposition near; the nano-particles and nickel ions on the electrode surface that were weak adsorption would be re-washed into the electrolyte because of the larger speed of vortex.

The number of abrasives (Na) doing the cutting at the same time can be written as      = π aSC N V d av a 6 2 0 (6) where C0 is a constant.
Thus, material removing rate (Z) should be in proportion to (F0m - Fc), frequency f and the number of abrasives doing the cutting at the same time Na )FF(fNcZ cm a − = 0 3 (9) As to the grinding dominant mode and erosion mode, they were the major material removing processes to generate the hole surface.
(a) (b) Fig.4 The surface in the grinding dominant area is characterized by (a)machining marks left by abrasives on the wheel (b) many step-like machining marks Surface texture Workpiece Workpiece Debri Chipping Debri Grinding wheel Diamond grain Workpiece Workpiece Surface texture Subsurface cracks (a) (b) Fig.5 The material removing processes of (a) grinding dominant mode and (b) erosion mode Va dc da α xt x y yt crater contact surface particle Fig.6 Erosion model suggested by Hashish 8) was used here to simulate the erosion mode material removing process.

Studies on low-carbon TRIP steel revealed that a large number of researchers have carried their work on the TRIP steel sheet or plate [3, 4].
It seems that a large amount of residual austenite is retained between the laths of bainitic ferrite or at the triple junction of ferrite grain boundaries.
As the carbon content in retained austenite is rather low, the Ms temperature of the undercooling austenite is above room temperature, while the heat-treated steel tubes were cooled to room temperature, a considerable number of poor stable retained austenite prematurely transformed to martensite, and finally resulted in a little higher UTS and lower EL.

Based on the concepts of high hybrid entropies and iso-atomy ratio, high-entropy alloy has structure characteristics of simple microstructure, nano-educt, amorphous structure, nano scale grain, etc[1,2].
Four kinds of cored wires with different composition are prepared by the muti-function cored wires fabrication equipment in Beijing University of Technology, numbered 1#, 2#, 3 #, and 4# respectively.
Table 1 Composition of cored materials number strip powder 1# 18-8 stainless steel Cr+Cu 2# 18-8 stainless steel Cr+Cu+ferroboron 3# Ni80Cr20 Cr+Co 4# Ni80Cr20 Cr+Co+ferroboron Powder U-shaped Strip Pull Fig.1 Schematic of manufacture of cored wires Coating Preparation.

Results and Discussion Initial hydration of cement is accompanied by a number of complex reactions and microstructural changes due to the formation of hydration products.
As the paste sets it becomes gradually more solid-like with prevailing elastic behavior; thus the value of the phase angle (°) decreases to single-digit numbers.
Scrivener, Microstructural development of early age hydration shells around cement grains, Cem Concr Res 40 (2010) 4–13