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Calculation of stress intensity factor.The study of cracked cylindrical shell is of great importance in the safety analysis of engineering structures, such as pressure vessels, pipelines, etc.
Simulated model for tracing the crack propagation path of the welding structures in the overhead-operating crane[J].
Practical Handbook of Chemistry[M].

Effect of Stretch Chi-wai Kan1, a, Kin Cheung1, b and Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit 2,c* 1Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 2 Department of Textiles Chemistry Technology, Faculty of Industrial Textiles and Fashion Design, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Bangkok 10300, Thailand atccwk@polyu.edu.hk, bboykin.cheung@connect.polyu.hk, crattanaphol.m@rmutp.ac.th * Corresponding author Keywords: Ultraviolet protection, UPF, Single jersey knit fabric, Stretch Abstract.
When the knit outerwear is in use, certain amount of stretch would be applied to the knit fabric and making the structure to change which would affect its UVR protection property.
Outwear specifications [4] Sample Fibre content Fabric structure Fabric weight Fabric density Black 100% cotton Single jersey knit 198 g/m2 4.5wales/cm; 5.6 course/cm Pink(1) 100% cotton Single jersey knit 198 g/m2 4.5wales/cm; 5.6 course/cm Pink(2) 100% cotton Single jersey knit 198 g/m2 4.5wales/cm; 5.6 course/cm Light Orange 100% cotton Single jersey knit 198 g/m2 4.5wales/cm; 5.6 course/cm White 100% cotton Single jersey knit 198 g/m2 4.5wales/cm; 5.6 course/cm Blue 100% cotton Single jersey knit 198 g/m2 4.5wales/cm; 5.6 course/cm Results and Discussion UPF.

Biodegradability of Acrylic Retanning Agent DT-R548 with Medium and Large Relative Molecular Weight Xuechuan Wang1, a, Yuqiao Fu1, b Longfang Ren1, Taotao Qiang1 1Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology for Light Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, CHINA a e-mail: wangxc@sust.edu.cn, b e-mail: fyuqiao@126.com Key words: acrylic retanning agent DT-R548; biodegradability; COD30; respiratory curve.
Correlation of Aerobic Biodegradability of Sulfated Azoic Dyes with the Chemical Structure: Environmental Science (1998)
Influence of Molecular Structure on the Biodegradability of Naphthenic Acids: Chemical Industry Environment Protection (2003).

Nygren Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden Keywords: Silicon nitride, forming, forging, superplasticity, self-reinforcement Abstract.
The nano-structures of the deformed pieces could be converted to in-situ reinforced tough interlocking microstructures consisting of elongated grains by post-annealing the deformed body utilizing the concept of dynamic ripening.
Although in most of the cases the phase assemblages in such fully compacted bodies are far from thermodynamic equilibrium, the obtained fine grain structure provides great possibilities to facilitate superplastic deformation and further on to tailor the microstructure after forging, see below.

It is desirable that it responds to the environment around the cell and the structure changes into this polymer chain.
Poly glutamic acid (PGA) that changed from the random coil to α-helix the polymer chain structure changing the pH was used for controlling enzyme activity [3].
Acknowledgement The present research is supported in part by a Grant for 21 st Century COE program Chemistry> from the MEXT and a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

A Polymer Complexing Route for Low Temperature Synthesis of Perovskite Lanthanum Aluminate Powder Shuai Li 1,2,a , Bill Bergman1 and Zhe Zhao2 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044, Sweden 2 Department of Physical, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Sweden a shuail@kth.se Keywords: Perovskite, lanthanum aluminate, polymer complexing, PEG Abstract.
Introduction Lanthanum aluminate is widely investigated as dielectric resonators and substrates for high- temperature superconducting microwave devices for its favourable dielectric properties and lattice matching to perovskite structure materials [1-4].
The PEG1a powder shows obvious hard agglomeration where particles severely aggregate together with sintered necks between grains, and the agglomerated grains form a sheet-like structure.

N-(1-methyl- 2-(dithio)-1-alkenyl) formamide derivative is an important organic compounds, which can be used in medicinal chemistry, for example, they can carry drugs across the blood-brain barrier and then release the drugs when they reach to the brain[2], while thiazole salt is an important intermediate for synthesis of these compounds.
Table 1 Preparation of compounds 3 Entry Structure Molecular formula Temperature of reaction/℃ Time of reaction/h Yield/% 3a C9H14ClNOS 80 28 47.7 3b C8H14ClNO2S 80~85 52 40.3 3c C10H18BrNOS 80 48 72.4 3d C10H18ClNOS 75~80 48 11.6 3e C7H10ClNS 75~80 24 21.8 3f C6H10ClNOS 80 48 14.9 3g C8H14BrNS 80~85 48 35.4 The structure characterization of 3a~3g. 3-allyl-4-methyl-5-ethanol thiazolium chloride (3a): brown solid, m.p. is beyond the range of room temperature ionic liquid; Anal.

China 2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R.
It is expected that this network-like structure could promote the in-growth of new-born bone.
It is expected that the sandwich-like structure of hydroxyapatite/(anodic)Al2O3/Ti obtained in this work would result in a combination of good biocompatibility with good mechanical properties and thus would provide a new choice for the surface modification of clinical hard tissue implants.

Gibson 1,2,c 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK 2 School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK a iainmassie@hotmail.co.uk, bj.skakle@abdn.ac.uk, ci.r.gibson@abdn.ac.uk Keywords: Hydroxyapatite, silicate, silicon, substitution, X-ray diffraction Abstract.
Introduction Over the past 10 years there has been increased interest in the incorporation of silicate ions into the structure of various calcium phosphate phases, as studies have demonstrated that this silicate substitution can enhance the rate of bone repair [1,2].
Conclusions These results have demonstrated that the substitution limit of silicate ions in the alpha-TCP structure, while retaining a single-phase composition, is very low with a measured content of only 1.3 wt% silicate (or 0.4 wt% silicon).

Study on the ionic conductivity of PAALi-g-PEO polymer electrolyte Xiaowei Guo1,a, Shutang Wen1,b, Ming Qiao1,c and Xiaolin Jia2,d 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China 453003 2 School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China 450052 aguoxxxwei@163.com, bwensttnn@163.com, cjsb1616@163.com, djiaxxxlin@163.com Keywords: Pouring method, PAALi-g-PEO, Ionic conductivity Abstract.
Based on the above analysis, and combining IR analysis results, due to PAALi-g-PEO oxygen functional groups contains electrons, and 2s orbitals of lithium ion is vacant, so lithium ion and oxygen form the coordination structure, and also form amorphous complex, therefore diffraction peak of LiClO4 does not appear, and part of the diffraction peaks of LiTi2(PO4)3 disappear, which shows PAALi-g-PEO with LiTi2(PO4)3 can form complex; when adding LiClO4 and LiTi2(PO4)3 to the PAALi-g-PEO, lost part of diffraction peaks LiTi2(PO4)3 reappear, which shows the there exists competing between LiClO4 and LiTi2(PO4)3.
There are two possible mechanisms: the first is ceramic materials provides a cross-linked center for the PEO segment, which reduces PEO segments reforming trend, and modifies chain structure, so this effect makes the surface of ceramic particles to be Li+ channels; the second is as Lewis acid the ceramic material reacts with Lewis alkali species in electrolyte, which reduces the ion-ion coupling, and promote salt dissociation through the formation of a" ion - Ceramic Complex".