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Online since: June 2019
Authors: Igor Eduardovich Pamirsky, Alexey Grigorievich Klykov, Kirill Sergeevich Golokhvast, Alexander Mikhailovich Zakharenko
This paper reports the first results of a comparative study of the phytolitic profile in various types of cultivated grain plants using the example of wheat Triticum aestivum L.
At a 50-fold increase, laser excitation was used at a wavelength of 785 nm, the laser exposure was 1 second, the number of accumulations was 50.
The greatest number and variety of needle phytoliths were found in the ears.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Qiu Xiang Gu, Wei Wu Xu
Early-middle ordovician formation in study area deposit carbonate platform faces, include micrite, cloud microcrystalline limestone, grain limestone, low Shale content.
Table 1 The statistics of early Hercynian karst cycle frame in individual well number type wells amount probability (%) 1 I+II 2 6.25 2 I+III 1 3.125 3 II+III 3 9.375 4 I 3 9.375 5 II 8 25 6 III 15 46.875 But single layer or a single karst cave cycle combination on well profile is the highest probability by 81.25% in table1.The second probability is two karst cave layer or two cycle combination appears on the same well section, with probability of 18.75%.For single cycle, the karst cycle III is 25%, the karst cycle III is the largest probability of 59.375%.
The cave number decreased when the distance between unconformable surface and cave turn large.
Online since: September 2020
Authors: Vadim Kabanov
The number of measurements was established by the method of planning a full three-factor experiment.
When performing the grinding, the technological modes established at the first stage were used (the number of grinding bodies, the chamber filling volume, the duration of grinding in an electromagnetic field).
Sheinfeld, Recommendations on the selection of concrete mixes for heavy and fine-grained concrete, Moscow, 2016
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Pavel Hora, Thomas Wesner
Additionally, function integration and reduction of number of parts can significantly reduce assembly costs.
Strongly elongated grains showing a fiber like structure around the die edge with an almost doubled hardness as illustrated in Figure 4.
However, a high number of elements is time consuming especially in 3D simulations.
Online since: January 2022
Authors: Hideaki Tsukamoto, Kaito Fukui
The vacuum condition can prevent or limit the oxidation issues and the fast heating rate along spark and plasma condition helps to control the reactions between magnesium and other phases including suppressing coarse growth of formation phases and crystal grains [1,4].
Here, ρs is the density of the particles, ρ is the density of the fluid, d is the particle diameter, and μ is the viscosity of the fluid, D/2 is the radius of rotation, N is the number of rotations.
From Eqs. (1) and (2), the velocity of particles is proportional to the difference in density between slurry and particles, the square of the diameter of the particles, and the square of the number of revolutions, and is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the fluid.
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Erika Mudra, Martin Šebek, Magdalena Streckova, Alexandra Kovalcikova, Jan Dusza, Vladimír Girman
Upon applying a high voltage to the electrospinning system, an enormous number of solution jets can be generated from the roller surface upward.
The formation of aluminum oxide was carried out through a number of phase transition phases, one of which involves the formation of aluminium hydroxyl oxide AlO(OH).
The transformation of amorphous precursors fibers to metastable γ-Al2O3 and stable α-Al2O3 phase is clearly evident from different roughness of the surface of fibers from smooth surface of precursors (Fig. 3b) up to porous structure of α-Al2O3 grains (Fig. 3d).The fine alumina fibers were relatively fragile with the low values of handing strength.
Online since: April 2011
Authors: Ruben Fischer, Berend Denkena
In the grinding process presented in this paper vitrified CBN wheels with grain size 151 µm and a maximum cutting speed of 125 m/s are used.
The controlled variable is measured and the frequency response (FR) is calculated for a specified number of averages.
In case of the linear axis, the number of averages is limited by its traverse range.
Hence, during the measurement the number of averages must be balanced according to the reference variable’s amplitude and could get inaccurate in lower frequency ranges.
Considering different neglected influence factors such as workpiece geometry, grain size, nozzle type, flowrate and nozzle position, extra effort would be inappropriate.
Online since: September 2017
Authors: A.V. Grushko, Yu.O. Slobodyanyuk, Volodymyr V. Kukhar
During the drawing metal is in the conditions of complex non-monotonic loading, which is accompanied by intensive strain-hardening and grain flow creation [13, 14].
However, since the number of drawing passes could reach twenty for achieving true strains (drawing ratio) , then the above theories will give significant errors [23–25], particularly, in the estimation of the acquired mechanical properties of the wire.
Works [27, 28] study the influence of the number of passes, the degree of drawing and other values on standard mechanical characteristics: ultimate tensile strength, yield tensile strength, relative elongation after rupture.
The wire rod material, semi-finished wire and the finished wire product are anisotropic materials with the corresponding developed grain flow.
It should be also noted that this model will provide the best description of the change in mechanical characteristics just for the drawing variant under consideration (characterized by geometrical and design parameters of the die, lubrication conditions, drawing speed, number of passes), because these factors cause effects on the investigated values of the resistance to plastic deformation.
Online since: March 2023
Authors: Budi Purnama, Yofentina Iriani, Utari Utari, Nurdiyantoro Putra Prasetya
Each unit cell of the tetrahedral and octahedral sites has a number of 64 and 32, respectively, but the cations fill only 8 at the tetrahedral site and 16 at the octahedral site [1,3].
The grain difference between fine sediment and standard chemical lab during the synthesis process can also be a factor in the magnitude of crystalite size with the fine sediment source having a larger magnitude.
The density of CoLa0.1Fe1.9O4 nanoparticles can be obtained from the equation dx=8MNa3, where M is the molecular weight of the nanoparticles, N is Avogadro's number (6.022×1023 mol-1), and a3 is the cell volume of CoLa0.1Fe1.9O4 nanoparticles [30].
Acknowledgements This study was financially supported by Penelitian Dasar Unggulan Perguruan Tinggi (PDUPT) Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta contract number: 673.1/UN27.22/PT.01.03/2022.
Wilde, Impurity effect on recrystallization and grain growth in severe plastically deformed copper, Materials Science and Engineering: A. 824 (2021) 141786. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2021.141786
Online since: October 2025
Authors: Stanislav Dushkin, David Kovtun, Nina Rashkevich
The presence and behaviour of such contaminants play a crucial role in designing effective purification systems Ion exchange is a reversible physicochemical process whereby ions of a dissolved substance are exchanged for an equivalent number of ions that are fixed on a fixed solid carrier, namely ionite [3].
It also depends on hydration of functional groups, their number, on the intensity of interaction of counterions with fixed groups and some other factors, which is confirmed by experimental data [25, 26].
Technological regulations of the laboratory unit operation Indicator H-filter OH-filter Ionite layer height, [m] 2.5 2.5 Ionite grades СU-2x8 AN-22 Ionite grain size, [mm] 0.5–1.1 0.3–1.5 Filtering speed, [m/h] 7.5 7.5 Name of regenerator HNO3 NH4OH Concentration of regeneration solution, [%] 5.0 5.0 Regeneration solution flow rate, [m/h] 4.5 2.5 Specific consumption of regeneration solution, [g/g-eq] 191.0 163.0 Ionite washing from regeneration products, [m/h] 5.0 5.0 Specific flow rate of washing water, [m3/m3] 3.5 2.5 The presented technological procedure demonstrates the effective operation of the laboratory unit for water purification by ion exchange method.
The selected process parameters, such as the height of the ionite layer, grain size, filtering and regeneration rate, ensure the achievement of the required quality indicators of treated water.
When performing studies using magnetic modification of ion exchange resins, we determined the dynamic exchange capacity, calculated the number of sorbed ions, measured the flow rate of regeneration solutions and the duration of the filter cycle before slippage at different equivalent ratio of regenerator to ionite loading.
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