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This rock, named Albero, is an equigranular medium to coarse grained granite [14] composed by quartz (21.9%), k-feldspar (42.6%), plagioclase (22.6%), muscovite (5.8%), biotite (7 %) and accessories minerals (apatite, zircon, rutile, chlorite and sillimanite).
The main grain size is 5 mm.
The abrasive used is a fine grained sand (0.5-0.1 mm) composed by 99% SiO2.
The cleaning efficiency of chemical procedures is, in some cases, linked to the number of applications.

Due to their similar locations in the alkali group of the periodic system of elements, sodium and lithium have a number of chemical properties.
In the 500x magnification image, it can be seen that many small grains are spread unevenly with varying sizes, and the clumps form large particles.
In Figure 4, with a magnification of 1000 times, small cuboidal grains with a non-uniform distribution begin to appear.
The increase in agglomerate size makes the distance between the particles closer, so that the grain boundaries between particles are not visible [11].

Number of papers on amorphous calcium phosphate made by precipitation, quenching of melts, sputtering and methods that destroy the crystal lattice (ball-milling and irradiation).
Particle/crystal or grain size.
Similarly, smaller grains in a solid increase the volume of disordered material in the grain boundary and so decreases the crystallinity. 3.

Goldstein, AIME, (Warrendale, PA: AIME, 1984) p. 125. ], (3) where a = b2(G-1)/2, b is an empirical coefficient, G is the ASTM grain size, D is an effective diffusion coefficient, ΔT is the undercooling, and q is an exponent dependent on the diffusion mechanism.
For the case where site saturation occurs, one has [22]: (5) where No is the total number of active nucleant sites.
It is nonetheless listed separately here to highlight its importance, as this is where various structural length scales (dislocations, particles, grains, etc.) are naturally covered, therefore playing a critical role in successful realisation of multiscale modelling [[] M.F.
While the contribution of solid solution strengthening follows an approach similar to that of Eq. 8, the consideration of Hall-Patch grain size effect and precipitation strengthening have to be considered differently.

The number of specimens were five.
In Fig. 5 (a), the small diffraction peaks obtained in 2θ = 25 ~ 50° would be Y₂Si₃O₃N₄ which was the grain boundary phase, which was not observed in Fig. 5 (b) indicating that the acid treatment was able to completely remove the grain boundary phase.
As the amount of SiO₂ in the grain boundary phase increases, the liquid phase temperature would decrease from ~1900℃ (YAG) down to ~1400℃ according to the Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃-SiO₂ phase diagram as shown in Fig. 8 [13].

One of them is an irregular-shaped phase with light gray contrast, which is predominantly distributed along grain boundaries and usually exhibits smooth interfacial morphology, as illustrated in regions B2, B3, and C2 of Fig. 1.
The second type is a dark gray contrast phase, which is morphologically similar to the first type but with lower number density, as shown in regions A2, B1, and C1 of Fig. 1.
This reticulated phase displays spheroidal or ellipsoidal morphologies within grain interiors (as shown in region A1 of Fig. 1) while adopting irregular morphology at grain boundaries combined with the other two types (as shown in regions B4 and C3 in Fig. 1).

Finally, this work allowed also concluding that both DOE and deterministic methods can be used to optimize cutting process parameters taking a small number of results collected from factory shop floor during the process evolution.
Its specification is HN44105522022S HN series of 7151, which corresponds to a mill cutter to top-edge of spherical solid carbide (micro grains).The mill cutter has nominal diameter is 6 mm, two inserts coated with TiNAl and angle of de helices of 15º.
[R$]; Kft = cutting tool life cost [R$]; Zt = number of parts machined per cutting tool life; Vsi = tool holder initial cost [R$]; Nfp = average tool holder life, in quantities of tool cutting edges; Kpi = acquisition cost/per tool cutting edge [R$]; Ns = number of tool cutting edges/per insert; Table 1.

Because the silicon microspheres formed by this method generally had poor crystallinity, containing high-density grain boundaries, point defects, and dislocations [31-33], some researchers have been working on improving their quality and the yield [29, 34-37].
By controlling the cooling rate, high quality spherical silicon particles, which consisted of 2-3 grains, were obtained.
The synthesis of uniform particles by vapor phase reaction method, called vapor-solid reaction method, requires the use as seeds of a small number of much smaller particles [40, 53-55].
As a matter of fact, the actual reaction will depend on a number of parameters, like silane concentration, temperature, and pressure [40].
Mc Murry, Inertial impaction of fine particles at moderate Reynolds numbers and in the transonic regime with a thin-plate orifice nozzle, Journal of Aerosol Science. 21 (1990) 889-909

The anchoring effect and protection function of the uniformly dispersing Al2O3 grains, which are executed onto the Cu-matrix, has been considered to contribute to the excellent arc ablation performance of composite Al2O3/Cu.
The reason is the alumina particles, which have high temperature and oxidation resistance, can reduce the number of melting bath of Cu-matrix by absorbing the heating quantity.

(a) (b) (c) Fig. 2 Nafion117 membrane（180μm thickness）is coarsened by sandpaper with grain size P1200, (a)Roughness along, (b)Roughness across, (c)Roughness along and across Ion-exchange.
Through the above steps, the matrix membrane has adsorbed a large number of platinum ions so as to significantly increase the stiffness of membrane.
With the addition of NaBH4 and the rose temperature, the color of basement membrane turn light brown from clear and yield large number of small bubbles absorbed on the surface, and the film turns to silver-white when the NaBH4 solution drops more than four times.