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Online since: May 2009
Authors: V.A. Leão, Monica Teixeira, L.P. Barbosa, S.M. Bertolino, P.C. Freitas, V.A. Oliveira, Pablo D. Pina
The aim of this work was to optimize the growth and sulfate reduction capacity of
mixed bacterial cultures.
This phenomenon was observed for sample growing in lactate medium, pH 5.5 after a 48h incubation period thus confirming previously reported data [6].
Maximum sulfate reduction was observed during the first 120h.
However, it is possible to affirm that LG1 consortia have some metal tolerant SRB which are being identified (data not shown).
However, when growing with ethanol as organic carbon source a sulfate reduction of about 50% was achieved.
This phenomenon was observed for sample growing in lactate medium, pH 5.5 after a 48h incubation period thus confirming previously reported data [6].
Maximum sulfate reduction was observed during the first 120h.
However, it is possible to affirm that LG1 consortia have some metal tolerant SRB which are being identified (data not shown).
However, when growing with ethanol as organic carbon source a sulfate reduction of about 50% was achieved.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Hong Wen Yang, Da Cheng Yang, Min Wei
In this paper, we compare the maximum achievable data rate, i.e. the Shannon capacity, of DFT-S-OFDM and OFDM under Rayleigh and with clipping.
It is well known that the achievable data rate of any practical system is upper bounded by the Shannon capacity.
Our results show that, in case of Gaussian data symbols, OFDM outperforms DFT-S OFDM.
The channel capacity is given by (5) where is the signal-to-noise ratio of data symbol si.
Multicarrier modulation for data transmission: An idea whose time has come, IEEE Communication Magazine, May 1990
It is well known that the achievable data rate of any practical system is upper bounded by the Shannon capacity.
Our results show that, in case of Gaussian data symbols, OFDM outperforms DFT-S OFDM.
The channel capacity is given by (5) where is the signal-to-noise ratio of data symbol si.
Multicarrier modulation for data transmission: An idea whose time has come, IEEE Communication Magazine, May 1990
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Su Zhen Hou, Yan Guo, Ping Wang
Effect of Longyangxia Reservoir on the Variation of Water and Sediment
Hou Suzhen1,a, Guo Yan1,b and Wang Ping1,c
1 Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, YRCC, Zhengzhou, China, 450003
a hsz20130422@163.com b guoyan603@163.com c wp_sc@sina.com
Keywords: river sediment engineering; variation of water and sediment;data analysis; Longyangxia reservoir
Abstract.
This paper analyzes the runoff sediment characteristics since the operation of the reservoir on the basis of the hydrological data before and after the operation of Longyangxia reservoir.
Due to the reduction of sediment, the coefficient of sediment inflow also had great changes.
The said data completely indicated that the effect of water storage and sediment trapping of Longyangxia reservoir on outflow sediment and coefficient of sediment inflow.
(2) Affected by the operation of Longyangxia reservoir, the peak discharge at Guide was averagely reduced by 1270m3/s with the reduction ratio of 65.6%.
This paper analyzes the runoff sediment characteristics since the operation of the reservoir on the basis of the hydrological data before and after the operation of Longyangxia reservoir.
Due to the reduction of sediment, the coefficient of sediment inflow also had great changes.
The said data completely indicated that the effect of water storage and sediment trapping of Longyangxia reservoir on outflow sediment and coefficient of sediment inflow.
(2) Affected by the operation of Longyangxia reservoir, the peak discharge at Guide was averagely reduced by 1270m3/s with the reduction ratio of 65.6%.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Elen Leal da Silva, Célia de Fraga Malfatti, P.S. Correa, F. de Oliveira, A. El Sheikh, C. Radtke
Ni catalysts were obtained by the impregnation/reduction method and by electroless deposition.
Ni catalysts supported on carbon were synthesized by two different methods: impregnation/reduction [[] Z.
The constitution of the catalyst obtained by the impregnation/reduction method was analyzed by RBS.
Cyclic voltammetries were registered after 10 cycles in all experiments, to obtain identical and reproducible data without any appreciable changes.
Results and discussion Ni/C electrocatalysts obtained by the impregnation/reduction method were analyzed by RBS.
Ni catalysts supported on carbon were synthesized by two different methods: impregnation/reduction [[] Z.
The constitution of the catalyst obtained by the impregnation/reduction method was analyzed by RBS.
Cyclic voltammetries were registered after 10 cycles in all experiments, to obtain identical and reproducible data without any appreciable changes.
Results and discussion Ni/C electrocatalysts obtained by the impregnation/reduction method were analyzed by RBS.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Yu Fan, Chun Ting Zhang, Lin Kun Wang, Ze Miao Jiang
OPC UA client has user interface which can display real-time data.
The system framework is shown in figure1: Fig 1 The framework of public building energy efficiency control simulation system Development and realization The system uses OPC UA interface to realize energy data exchange between data collection layer and data processing layer.
Two types of Variables are defined, Properties and Data Variables.
Data variables represent the content of an object.
The OPC UA server and client acquired the real-time data from the underlying equipment firstly, then analyzed the data and issued energy-saving schemes.
The system framework is shown in figure1: Fig 1 The framework of public building energy efficiency control simulation system Development and realization The system uses OPC UA interface to realize energy data exchange between data collection layer and data processing layer.
Two types of Variables are defined, Properties and Data Variables.
Data variables represent the content of an object.
The OPC UA server and client acquired the real-time data from the underlying equipment firstly, then analyzed the data and issued energy-saving schemes.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Guo Ming Yuan, Ming Lei Li, Jian Wang, Hong Xiao
It was approved that the prediction precision was
obviously enhanced compared with the practical data for vertical rolling force.
Thickness is 200 mm, width is taken from 40 mm to 1600 mm, rolling reductions are 20 mm and 50 mm.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 shows the changes of vertical rolling fore with the change of the thickness, width, reduction of slab.
Taking Tselikov empirical formula from experience of experimental data as regression model, rQ is obtained through regression by MATLAB.
Vertical rolling forces of 1780 hot strip mill in some steel are calculated using the obtained formula in the article, the results noticeably improved the accuracy compared to the field data.
Thickness is 200 mm, width is taken from 40 mm to 1600 mm, rolling reductions are 20 mm and 50 mm.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 shows the changes of vertical rolling fore with the change of the thickness, width, reduction of slab.
Taking Tselikov empirical formula from experience of experimental data as regression model, rQ is obtained through regression by MATLAB.
Vertical rolling forces of 1780 hot strip mill in some steel are calculated using the obtained formula in the article, the results noticeably improved the accuracy compared to the field data.
Online since: July 2007
Authors: Leo A.I. Kestens, Kim Verbeken
The
dependence of the fragmentation behaviour on the crystallographic orientation of the grain will be
examined and these findings will be considered in view of the known literature data on the
nucleation of grains of different crystallographic natures.
During this analysis, the three-dimensional nature of the misorientation data will not be distorted by projections.
This will lead to a clear interpretation of these misorientation data and will therefore allow a conclusion to be drawn regarding whether or not selective growth determines orientation selection during the recrystallization process studied.
Therefore, the present misorientation data were examined in the three-dimensional Rodrigues-Frank misorientation space [18].
These data were analysed by testing the hypothesis of the variant selection model of Tóth and Jonas [12, 13].
During this analysis, the three-dimensional nature of the misorientation data will not be distorted by projections.
This will lead to a clear interpretation of these misorientation data and will therefore allow a conclusion to be drawn regarding whether or not selective growth determines orientation selection during the recrystallization process studied.
Therefore, the present misorientation data were examined in the three-dimensional Rodrigues-Frank misorientation space [18].
These data were analysed by testing the hypothesis of the variant selection model of Tóth and Jonas [12, 13].
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Bing Shan Liu
The selective catalyst reduction (SCR) schemes therefore were investigated to find out the suitable solution for the DMCC engine emissions improving.
So far, the DMCC engine with methanol fumigation has been shown considerable fuel cost reduction by replacing part of diesel fuel with methanol.
The reasons for total NOX failing to be reduced could be very complex, but at least two factors could be firmly confirmed according to related data.
For B50 and B25, parts of NO2 were reverted to NO, meaning reduction reactions dominated.
The variation ranges of NO2 percentage reflected that the lower the temperature is, the stronger the reduction action is.
So far, the DMCC engine with methanol fumigation has been shown considerable fuel cost reduction by replacing part of diesel fuel with methanol.
The reasons for total NOX failing to be reduced could be very complex, but at least two factors could be firmly confirmed according to related data.
For B50 and B25, parts of NO2 were reverted to NO, meaning reduction reactions dominated.
The variation ranges of NO2 percentage reflected that the lower the temperature is, the stronger the reduction action is.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Li Guo, Huan Qin Zhu, Yuan Bao Sun
It thus seems that wear reduction by PTFE is specific to the polymer and the reasons for the anomaly are not known.
Whereas MoS2 reduced the wear rates of these polymers, the reduction of the coefficient was not observed.
Mass loss was converted into volume loss for plotting the wear data using the computed density values based on the composition.
There was also a reduction in wear rate but it was still too high for practical usage.
The reduction was, however, much greater when PTFE was also included as the filler.
Whereas MoS2 reduced the wear rates of these polymers, the reduction of the coefficient was not observed.
Mass loss was converted into volume loss for plotting the wear data using the computed density values based on the composition.
There was also a reduction in wear rate but it was still too high for practical usage.
The reduction was, however, much greater when PTFE was also included as the filler.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Jian Sun, Bo Wu, Wei Hua Zeng
From the data, the CO2 emissions of China’s steel industry stand at more than fifty percent.
This technology has be applied at No.2 blast furnace for a long time in Russia RPA Toulachermet; Production data show that the coke ratio of blast furnace can reduce by 28.5%, and increase 27.3%.
This direct reduction technology use the matural gas as heat source and reducing agent, and it is one of two main types of direct reduction technology.
FINEX technology can overcome some shortcomings of the blast furnace, the furnace of COREX, direct reduction shaft furnace process.
HIsarna This technology is a new type of melting reduction technique.
This technology has be applied at No.2 blast furnace for a long time in Russia RPA Toulachermet; Production data show that the coke ratio of blast furnace can reduce by 28.5%, and increase 27.3%.
This direct reduction technology use the matural gas as heat source and reducing agent, and it is one of two main types of direct reduction technology.
FINEX technology can overcome some shortcomings of the blast furnace, the furnace of COREX, direct reduction shaft furnace process.
HIsarna This technology is a new type of melting reduction technique.