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:Ecological Economy，2007（9）：83-86,in Chinese. .In the emission reduction areas ,Zhuang Gui-Yang(2007) use Tapio decoupling indicators to studied the 20 largest country in the world of its greenhouse gas emissions [6] Gui Yang Zhuang .
Because China do not have its carbon dioxide emission monitoring data ,so many of studies are based on estimate energy consumption.This paper also use the calculate method which IPCC recommended to estimate the emission data for the year 2000-2007 of Shanxi industrial department,and then use two type decoupling indicators to analyse the decoupling situation of industrial department in Shanxi.
The core data of this study include 2000-2007 energy consumptions and emissions ,the carbon dioxide emissions are calculated by IPCC recommended ,and the formulation are shown in (3-1).More information about IPCC recommended method to calculate carbon dioxide emissions ,authors can read book:"Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories"
More information about the energy decoupling state and CO2 decoupling state is shown in table3-1 and 3-2 Table 3-1 Shanxi 2000-2007 industrial energy decoupling factors and trends of carbon dioxide separated list of factors (OECD model) (Based on 1999 as the base year) year Energy decoupling factor CO2 decoupling factor Decoupling factor Decoupling state Decoupling factor Decoupling state 2000 -9.2059 Link -8.8630 Link 2001 -20.8376 Link -9.9793 Link 2002 -9.5931 Link -9.6869 Link 2003 -7.3030 Link -7.3871 Link 2004 -5.1623 Link -4.6658 Link 2005 -5.7602 Link -4.4253 Link 2006 -3.5987 Link -4.0569 Link 2007 -2.7201 Link -2.5413 Link Source: Table 3-1 of this study was obtained according to the data according to OECD Indicators finishing the calculation formula.
Table 3-2Shanxi 2000-2007 industrial energy decoupling factors and trends of carbon dioxide separated list of factors (OECD model) (Previous year as the base year) year Energy decoupling factor CO2 decoupling factor Decoupling factor Decoupling state Decoupling factor Decoupling state 2000 -0.0206 Link 0.0137 Relative decoupling 2001 -1.1397 Link -0.1132 Link 2002 0.5149 Relative decoupling 0.0266 Relative decoupling 2003 0.2162 Relative decoupling 0.2152 Relative decoupling 2004 0.2578 Relative decoupling 0.3245 Relative decoupling 2005 -0.0970 Link 0.0425 Relative decoupling 2006 0.3197 Relative decoupling 0.0679 Relative decoupling 2007 0.1911 Relative decoupling 0.2997 Relative decoupling Source: Table 3-2 of this study was obtained according to the data according to OECD Indicators finishing the calculation formula.

(3) -each of these functions have their variables, which, for a greater precision of results, we must express as data in a formula made up of two elements, the fixed value and the variable value, [2,5]: Fech = Qech + fech
-the compounding part Qtn of the function Ftn, represents the technical data determined for the vessel assessed which correspond to norms and ftn is the value which increases in navigation period following the wear phenomena.
The variation in time of extreme hydro-meteorological phenomena for sailing, all as values measured and divided on days/year can generate conclusions regarding the times of the year when the preparation and execution procedures of trips, require the adoption of additional safety measures such as: - tonnage-horsepower ratio reduction, i.e. reducing displacement of the convoy, - reducing navigation gauges, - completion of the navigation devices with AIS and ECDIS systems, - intensification of the safety information on the vessel traffic by the vessel traffic management centres.
These data are concrete values regarding the overcome of the assumed risk conditions (limit values were established based on studies and found in the rules published by the Danube Commission, [1]).
(centre of gravity) wheels axle l = 128.5 m, leeway area SPD = 179.5 m2.; sail surface SV=940.8 m2.; distance of the sail centre from the wheels axle, lV=134.9 m.; dimensionless coefficient of the convoy mass, m=0.149 .Based on these data we calculate the hydrodynamic coefficients of the convoy body, wake coefficient, stabilized gyration characteristics and we can appreciate the convoy handling by the fulfilment of the limit conditions.

Cooling with a liquid prevents the transducer from overheating, reduces thermal drift (voltage variation caused by the change in temperature), prevents the reduction in insulation resistance, and enables installation of the transducer directly in the combustion chamber.
In the first step of the analysis, the data were checked to see whether the signals contain components with frequencies unrelated to the cyclic work of the combustion engine.
From this figure it is evident that the probability distribution of the measurement data has features that make it is similar to the left-skewed distribution and different from the density of the theoretical distribution.
With the above data taken into account, the calculated relative error from the charge amplifier was δw=0.22%
Gatnar, Statistical data analysis using the R programme (in Polish), PWN Warszawa 2009, pp. 132-133

LDS Simulation System Based on Open CASCADE The LDS simulation system (Fig. 4) consists of geometric modeling, data exchange, LDS simulation, path planning, collision detection, etc.
It includes C++ componets for 3D surface and 3D solid modeling, visualization, data exchange and rapid application development [9].
Fig. 4 Framework of LDS Simulation System The Data Exchange which are provided by Open CASCADE have been used for reading LDS simplified model as STEP format, and complete assembly modeling of LDS equipment by coordinate transformation.
Through obtaining the 3D coordinates (x, y, z) and orientation vector (nx, ny, nz) of circuit processing path points by Modeling Data, to generate laser processing path of MID circuit, and the process simulation of LDS equipment according to the above kinematic analysis and path planing is finally realized.
And the MID CAD/CAM integrated system will be further developed, which integrates the functions of MCAD and ECAD data exchange interface, 3D circuit layout, circuit proceesing path generation, post processing, processing code generation and LDS simulation, etc.

Their research indicated that reduction in the depth of cut caused cutting force and surface cracks were reduced [14].
Data Value Unit yield strength 463 MPa ultimate yield strength 499 MPa Modulus of elasticity 144 GPa Elongation 0.55 % Density 3.81 gr/cm3 Poisson’s ratio 0.24 All of the tests were designed by DOE method, in this way full factorial technique was developed for performing experiments (pulse current and duration in three levels, dielectric type in two levels).
It is recognized which, during pulse off times, as the plasma channel is cool, the produced carbon in kerosene dielectric stands on the top surface of copper tool and creates a thin layer and results in reduction of tool wear ratio [23, 24].
This can be justified by the fact that the higher breakdown strength of deionized water, increases the delayed ionization time which causes sparks development in longer time; it results longer flushing time as well as reduction of pollution in the machining gap.
The accumulation of these conductive particles weakens the sparks and scatters the focus of discharge column which results in the formation of small discharge craters and reduction of surface roughness.

The maximum adsorbancy of UV-Vis was considered as a photocatalytic activity of TiO2 coatings, thus a reduction in the maximum adsorbancy means an increase in the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 coatings.
In the other words the reduction in the integrated area under the peaks directly correlated to the degradation of MO solution during photocatalysis [26, 27]. 3.5.1.
According to the data of Fig.4, the results of decomposition rates of MO solution by various TiO2 nano-films calculated by equation (1) in different deposition voltages, presented in Table 4.
As seen in Figs. 6, reductions in contact angle values elucidated increases in hydrophilicity of TiO2 surfaces.
As known created electrons-holes under UV illumination on the surface of TiO2 films could induce the hydrophilicity; photoinduced superamphilicity involves reduction of Ti (IV) cations to Ti (III) by electrons and simultaneous trapping of holes close to the surface of semiconductors [28].

Particularly interesting in connection with brazing stainless steel is the reduction of chromium oxide according to 2Cr(s) pointdewto according agO3HasOCr1)a(g,3H 2 32 2 + = →= += ) ,()1,( (7) Computing the temperature-dependent minimum dew-point for reducing chromium oxide in hydrogen is therefore once again explicitly documented in figure 2.
The fact that these lines are not identical, is based on the following considerations: A lower chromium activation (approx. 0.2 corresponding to chromium content in steel) may be specified for the oxidation while for the reduction, initially local to the reaction site (phase boundary gas/oxide layer), of pure chromium with the activation 1 must be assumed as the reaction product.
Over and above the mentioned gaseous reduction agents, a further improvement in the reducing effect can be achieved by means of mixing gaseous monosilane (silicon tetrahydride) to the process gas.
Figure 2: Threshold dew-point lines in hydrogen for the reduction/formation of chromium oxide Figure 3: Dew-point line in silicon tetrahydridedoped hydrogen by stoichiometrically adding SiH4 Kinetic aspects for forming and decomposing protective oxide layers The thermodynamic examinations carried out in the previous section for stabilising oxide layers appear to contradict experience from brazing stainless steels, which owe their corrosion resistance primarily to the existence of a thin chromium oxide protective layer (approx. 5nm thick).
If these are in total negative, then no oxide layer is formed or existing oxide layers are decomposed and vice versa: 0),( ),( ,, 2 < − tTJpT J DiffusionO O GasphaseO Oxide-layer decomposition ( 0> Oxide-layer formation) (13) The necessary, temperature-dependent data for oxygen diffusion and saturation concentration in steel can be deduced from the literature [1] so that a total balancing of the oxygen's mass-flux can be carried out as a function of time, temperature and oxygen content in the shielding gas.

Concrete specimens were then cast at hourly intervals, providing data points for analysis.
An increase in mixing duration led to a noticeable reduction in the specific mass of the fresh concrete and a decrease in the apparent density of the hardened concrete across all mixtures.
Specific observations from the slump measurements during the mixing period revealed a significant reduction in the fresh concrete's plasticity.
This trend, attributable to water loss to the environment caused by friction in the cement mixer and the principle of concrete hardening, also accounts for the observed reduction in concrete density at 28 days.
An exception was observed in the PC25-V dosage, demonstrating a significant elasticity reduction after the 5-hour mark.

First, the beneficial effect of a continuous Mo matrix can be seen resulting in a reduction of the brittle-toductile transition temperature BDTT by more than 150 K, compare with the curve for a Ar gas atomized (GA) alloy with isolated Mo particles dispersed in a ternary eutectic of α-Mo, Mo3Si and T2 (stars in Fig. 8) [21].
Finally, a stress reduction towards the initial stress level was carried out in order to check the validity of the steady-state assumption [23].
This leads to a substantial loss of γ' strengthening due to, both, the directional coarsening and the reduction in volume fraction of the γ' phase [26,27].
Data for a single-crystalline Nickelbase superalloy CMSX-4 are shown for comparison.
In 3-phase Mo-Si-B alloys the necessity of achieving a continuous Moss matrix with finely dispersed intermetallic phases was demonstrated resulting in a reduction of BDTT of more than 150 K. 5.

Sr.No Material Utility Aproximate quantity 1 River Sand Primary Constituent 90 % 2 Lime Stabilizer 2-2.5% 3 Coconut Leaf Ash Stabilizer / Fines / weight reduction 5.5 -6% 4 Coconuy Jaggery Molasses Plasticizer /workability 0.5% 5 Cowdung Fines / weight reduction 0.5% 6 Rice straw Primary Geotextile 1% 7 Coconut tree root system Final Geotextile -- First a layer of lateritic rubble was laid along the route the bund would take.
Lime Total Weight mg ratio 3 days strength 7 days strength mg % P kg/cm2 D mm P kg/cm2 D mm 1 45 10 450 1:10 5.864 1.70 7.169 2.2 2 90 20 450 2:10 8.310 1.40 18.358 2.4 3 135 30 450 3:10 10.15 2.55 21.507 2.8 4 180 40 450 4:10 11.627 4.00 25.962 3.2 5 225 50 450 5:10 9.047 3.10 22.947 3.4 From the data in Table 6 it was considered best to use a ratio of 4:10 or 2:5 Lime : Coconut-Leaf-Ash for optimum strength.
Wall height 3 m 6 m 9 m FoS landside 2.78 1.74 1.52 FoS riverside 4.87 2.41 2.33 Factor of Safety: The factor of safety from both the slip surface analysis (Table 8) and the Numerical analysis (Table 9) were plotted on graphs and showed that the reduction in the values of Factor of safety with height of the embankment is a curve that levels out at 1.5 for worst case scenario.
Use of Expanded polystyrene foam for weight reduction can be studied.