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The average number of Frenkel pairs produced in cascade has been calculated.
Quantitative analysis of the number of 'survived' defects in displacement cascades is carried out.
Average number of the Frenkel pairs survived in displacement cascade.
The average number of point defects produced in displacement cascades has been calculated.
%Cr binary alloy with twin grain boundaries, Fusion Science and Technology, 66(1) (2014) 91-99

(d) the same way as (b) steps (a)-(d) were repeated up to the desired bilayer number.
Influence of bi-layer number on the CuCl2 rejection and the flux.
The results of these researches indicated that the thickness increased with increasing the bilayer number.
The larger the assembly bilayer number, the lower the permeate flux.
Johnson, Selective removal of copper(II) from aqueous solutions using fine-Grained activated carbon functionalized with amine, Ind.

Figure 3: Scematic diagram of laser assisted milling Table 2: Laser assisted milling processing parameters Laser Parameters Milling Parameters Pulsed wave laser Continuous wave laser · Cutting depth · Feed, feed rate, cutting speed · Spindle speed · Cutting edge number · Tool design · Tool material & coating · Pulse rate · Pulse width N/A · Average laser power · Laser Energy · Spot diameter · Beam distribution modes · Scanning speed · Laser beam orientation Laser Assisted Turning (LAT) The function of heat source from laser is to soften the workpiece and reduce the material strength.
Numbers of researchers have proven that the cutting force needed for laser assisted machining of hardened steel material is closely related to the temperature.
BCBN tools has ultra-fine-grain size (<100nm), can be created by sintering hexagonal boron nitride to CBN under ultra-high pressure of 10GPa at 1800°C.
Ultra-fine-grain size allows tools made from this material to be extremely sharp and suitable for micro-level machining and like mirror surface cutting [30].
Higuchi, "Development of ultra-fine-grain binderless cBN tool for precision cutting of ferrous materials," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 209, pp. 5646-5652, 2009

It is well known the Selective Laser Melting basic principle of manufacturing metallic parts that uses a laser source directed through an optical system onto a base plate, in order to melt the powder and weld the metallic grains together according to the cross section of the 3D model, process that it is repeated layer by layer, until the part is finished [2, 3].
The minimum value of the porosity as calculated was 1,27 [%], in the case of sample number 12.
The maximum value of density was obtained (as calculated) in the case of sample number 12 (ρ=7.90 [g/cm3]), compared with a minimum value that has been obtained in the case of sample number 3 (ρ=7.20 [g/cm3].
Two cases were analyzed within the numerical simulation, one case being considered as for the sample having a density of 7,20 [g/cm3]) (sample 3, manufactured with a Hatch Solid and Fill Contour Lens Position of -50 [µm]), and a second one, the case of sample number 12, that was manufactured with a Hatch Solid and Fill Contour Lens Position of 40 [µm], having as experimentally determined, the maximum density value of 7,90 [g/cm3].
From the set of 15 samples that were manufactured, by using the SLM machine, the sample number 12 has corresponded by the mechanical resistance point of view, so the lens position has finally been adjusted with a value of +40 [µm], as compared to the starting position (the initial position that has been considered as reference at starting point of the experiment).

The best indicator of the increased interest in magnesium is provided by the number of papers submitted to International Conferences which has increased each year for all magnesium conferences.
CANMET is a key collaborator in a number of the USAMP projects.
Associated with AM-SC1 is AM-cast [9], a zirconium grain refiner suitable for magnesium sand cast alloys such as AM-SC1.
To ensure that significant growth occurs and that there is sustained use of magnesium as the lightweight material of choice, there are a number of advances that need to be made.
If alloy design can deliver significantly improved corrosion resistance then the number of applications for magnesium alloys will also significantly increase.

Reynolds number is a ratio of inertial and viscous forces and is used to classify a flow regime as laminar or turbulent.
The morphological evaluation of the sintered β-TCP and β-TCMP grains was carried out by scanning electron microscopy SEM (JEOL, JSM6460LV).
The Reynolds number correspondent to disk of 13 mm varies from 700 to 25321, respectively to 100 and 3600 rpm (10.47 and 377.0 rad.s−1).
The first number represents the average and the second one indicates the standard deviation.
This observation is confirmed by the lower number of pores found when compared with β-TCP disks.

The mass of the samples were measured by using an electric balance with the sensitivity of 10-5g.Then the samples were numbered, recorded and set aside.
Besides, there are a large number of molten salt crystals stick on the sample surface.
Layer surface have a small number of holes, in a,b,c and d part of layer on the samples surface have fallen off, but it was not very serious.
The samples of a and b have corrosion holes and easily peeling off, Corrosion products layer were more serious and relatively loose .Compared with a and b samples, c, d, e and f were taken place corrosion along the grain boundary ,but the corrosion products were denser.
But with respect to the relationship between the different mixing molten salt alkalinity, mixed molten salt melting point and the mass ratio have no certain rules, since this experiment involved a relatively small number of binary molten salt ratio group.

Introduction During continuous casting process of slab, molten steel experiences the multiple cooling zones to solidify into slabs continuously, with various macroscopic transport phenomena (heat transfer, mass transport, momentum transfer), solidification (solute segregation, nucleation, component undercooling, evolution of equiaxed grain and columnar crystal), forced deformation (ferrostatic pressure, withdrawal resistance, bulging deformation and stress, straightening force, bending force, thermal stress) and phase transition(peritectic transformation, eutectic transformation)[1].
Most of the existing prediction systems[4-6] are based on pure expert system, neural network or database query and so on, which process according to a large number of collected samples.
Where Nact is slab number for each grade of actual quality, Npre is slab number for each grade when the model predictions agree with actual.
The qualities of collected 2162 slabs Grades of slab quality Nact Npre Nonoccurrence, Lower than 1.0 1732 1491 Possible, Between 1.0 and 1.2 207 176 Slight, Between 1.2 and 1.5 114 99 General, Between 1.5 and 2.0 67 58 Serious, Higher than 2.0 42 36 Total slab number 2162 1860 Prediction accuracy 86.03% The slab numbers for each grade of actual quality are 1732, 207, 114, 67 and 42 respectively.
The slab numbers for each grade when the model predictions agree with actual are 1491, 176, 99, 58 and 36 respectively.

Data Type Number of Entries Percentage of Total Data [%] Validation Data 50 20 Training Data 200 80 Total Data 250 100 2.
This involved varying the number of perceptrons in the hidden layer, spanning from a minimal count of 2 up to a more complex structure with 40 perceptrons.
Model Performance Evaluation Model ANN Number of Training - (Acc% / MSE) 1 2 3 4 5 Al-2 50 / 3.40E-01 90 / 4.10E-05 90 / 4.10E-05 88 / 1.80E-02 82 / 1.40E-02 Al-4 72 / 1.40E-01 72 / 1.40E-01 68 / 1.10E-02 56 / 7.70E-02 52 / 1.40E-01 Al-6 74 / 3.50E-02 32 / 2.20E-02 32 / 2.20E-02 42 / 2.20E-02 42 / 2.20E-02 Al-8 70 / 1.80E-03 70 / 1.80E-03 70 / 1.80E-03 70 / 1.80E-03 68 / 1.20E-03 Al-10 92 / 3.00E-03 52 / 8.50E-04 52 / 8.50E-04 52 / 8.50E-04 52 / 8.50E-04 Al-12 56 / 2.60E-03 56 / 2.60E-03 56 / 2.60E-03 56 / 2.60E-03 56 / 2.60E-03 Al-14 70 / 5.60E-02 70 / 5.60E-02 70 / 5.60E-03 70 / 5.60E-02 70 / 5.60E-02 Al-16 76 / 3.30E-03 32 / 9.80E-05 58 / 9.80E-05 32 / 9.80E-05 32 / 9.80E-05 Al-18 56 / 1.90E-02 56 / 1.90E-02 56 / 1.90E-02 56 / 1.90E-02 56 / 1.90E-02 Al-20 42 / 4.30E-02 42 / 4.30E-02 42 / 4.30E-02 42 / 4.30E-02 46 / 4.50E-04 Al-22 80 / 2.50E-03 76 / 4.90E-02 76 / 4.90E-02 60 / 1.30E-02 60 / 1.30E-02 Al-24 78 / 7.50E-02 68 / 3.20E-03 68 / 3.20E-03 68 / 3.20E-03 48 / 2.80E-02 Al-26 38
According to reference [12], iron is typically segregated as a grain boundary intermetallic phase, identified as FeAl₅.
A primary concern with copper addition is the formation of Al2Cu intermetallic compounds at the grain boundary.

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The broadening widths of the peaks in the as-sprayed titanium coating’s pattern suggests that a microstructure with finer grains in the shrouded plasma-sprayed titanium coating was obtained.