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In a 2018 study by Feng [6] published in the Journal of Energy Resources Technology, researchers used CFD modeling to examine the gas-solid flow behavior and properties of a CFB.
The multiphase setup in ANSYS considers solid/fluid and gas phases, employing coal properties with a density of 900 kg/m3 and a diameter of 5 mm.
This is a crucial factor since the cyclones' more significant amounts of particles would cause erosion.
Recommendations The project's recommendations emphasize continuous exploration and optimization of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler design and operational factors.
The study assumes specific material properties for the components of the CFB boiler.

FSMAs exhibit a magnetic-field-activated giant recoverable strain of about 10% together with pronounced mechanical/electrical/magnetic/caloric properties, making them very suitable for the use in sensing/actuating devices [2-4].
When in thin film form, these properties can be affected by several parameters, including the composition, internal stress, thermal treatment, morphology and thickness of the thin films [5,6].
In this sense, the abilities of micro- and nano-fabrication of FSMAs and downscaling of their functional properties are crucial for implementation in devices like microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
In addition to the patterned samples, continuous 500nm thick Ni-Mn-Ga films have been deposited onto non-patterned substrates using the deposition conditions and heat treatments of route 2 to contrast their properties with the patterned analogs.
The process allows tailoring the dimensions of the pattern, giving rise to different properties of the FSMA film.

Introduction Due to their inherent advantages such as low density, high damping properties, good machinability and EMI shielding, Magnesium (Mg) alloys have gained an increasing attention as a society-supporting material.
Lightness is an essential factor for the practical application of Mg alloys in the transportation vehicles and portable IT products, and in view of safety, crashworthiness and comfortableness for these items, high damping capacity related to suppressing unwanted noise, irregular vibrations and resulting structural instabilities is also very important.
Despite a number of investigations on microstructures and mechanical properties for Mg-Li based alloys [4-9], however, there is little information available on their damping properties to date.
Considering this mechanism, it is reasonable to expect that the higher the strength, the lower the damping capacity in response to the increased breakaway stress and actually, most metallic materials with higher strength show lower damping properties [2].
The annealing treatment at 200 o C or 400 ο C enhances the damping capacity only for the Mg-3%Li and Mg-8%Li alloys containing α phase, whereas the damping capacity of the Mg-13%Li (β) alloy is hardly affected by the annealing treatment.

Introduction More than 20 000 tonnes of dry weight sewage sludge are produced in Latvia per year that adversely affects the environment.
For the STP to be used in the production of building materials, there is a number of problems faced by the researchers: STP sludge humidity, porosity and hygienisation of the material, which adversely affects the product and does not improve operating properties of the material mentioned above.
STP sludge humidity is a key factor for making their processing expensive.
According to the studies carried out at the University of Lulea, it was concluded that it is necessary to use certain freezing parameters in order to obtain a better product: the freezing temperature should be set at a value less than or equal to 10°C; One freezing cycle is sufficient to obtain good results for sludge; In the thawing period water must be provided with free flow out for the loose water to drain, not only for evaporation; STP sludge chemical composition and impurities as the oil are important because it will affect the freeze/unfreeze period [6].
This composition by physical-mechanical properties is comparable to industrial Keraterm blocks.

Quality of final product is directly affected by these tools.
The friction coefficient is seen to be an important factor for the drawability of large size products.
In this method, wrinkling criterion proposed by Cao and Boyle [5] is used, which assumes that the initiation of wrinkling is a local phenomenon and depends on the material properties, stress state and sheet thickness.
[8] Şenalp A.Z: Computer-Aided Wrinkling Analysis of Non-Axisymmetric Parts in Sheet Metal Forming, (Ph.D Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Ankara, May 1998)
[12] Chu E., Xu Y.: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol.43 (2001), p.1421-1440

The major factors affecting water erosion are climate, topography, vegetation and soil.
Some of these erosion causing factors cannot be directly controlled, their effects may only be modified indirectly [1].
It has been pointed out by [2] that the major climatic factors influencing runoff and erosion are rainfall (most important), temperature, and wind.
The input parameters are the altitude coordinates of the initial slope profiles, the surface and soil properties and the vegetation cover of the slope.
Climatic factors like precipitation and runoff, as well as degree of slope and canopy cover greatly influenced the process of soil erosion.

In the scope of research of the SFB/TR10 different types of metallic reinforcing elements were embedded and analysed concerning the resulting properties.
Process-Principle of EMF.As the energy density of a pulsed magnetic field is used for the contactless forming of a workpiece, the resulting deformation is closely related to the electromagnetic properties.
Besides the grooves geometry its shape is a major influencing factor on the joint as well.
Klaus: Influencing Factors on the Manufacture of Composite Extrusions, In: Annals of the German Academic Society for Production Engineering, WGP, Vol XIII/1 (2006) [3] W.
Tamaki: Factors affecting the result of electromagnetic welding of aluminum tube.

The thermophysical properties of H2O and alloy nanoparticles are listed in table 1.
It is also observed that the friction factor is larger for nanomaterial than .
The ESHS parameter is a vital parameter affecting temperature field strongly.
The outcomes of this paper are of interest in practical extrusion and coating processes wherein nanofluid can be utilized as a coolant that determines the properties of the final product.
The Proceedings of the 1995 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, San Francisco, USA.

In order to enhance its mechanical behaviour, it is usually subjected to secondary deformation operation.
The strength coefficient, K, and strain hardening exponent, n, define this phenomenon, which is a material property and can be obtained through experimental investigation for any composed material.
It has been reported that the aforementioned phenomenon largely affect by the process parameter particularly due to preform geometries, lubricant or friction condition, initial density and so on [4-6].For instance, if preform deformed under lubricant condition, the deformation would be substantial, but that does not support the closure of pores at faster rate, whereas the vice versa is observed in dry friction condition.
This indicates the pore closure or densification is governed by several factors and is totally non-linear behaviour.

Compared with externally bonded FRP technique, NSM technique, which requires much less surface treatment, is capable of mobilizing tensile strength of FRP and increasing the resistance to vandalism and environmental factors due to no exposure to the air.
Structural behaviour and shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with NSM FRP technique was studied and some parameters were considered, such as type of reinforcement forms, spacing and mechanical properties of filling epoxy.
The tensile properties of aluminum alloy 6061 were determined from tension tests conducted in accordance with ASTM E8-3 [9].
Some characteristic values on tensile properties are listed in Table 1.
Tensile properties of aluminum material s0.2 (N/mm2) su(N/mm2) eu sf(N/mm2) ef E (GPa) 257 304 6.36 277 8.29 71.38 Table.2.