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Online since: August 2013
Authors: Andrea Bieder, Andreas Biedermann, Christian Jacobi
This also underlines the growing number of varied solutions that have appeared on the market in the meantime (figure 1, for a rough classification and selected technologies).
Fig. 4: Several points of measurement to ensure accuracy of measurements with a nuclear gauge On the construction site, an asphalt concrete with grain size 16 mm (AC 16 N) according to the Swiss standard SN 640 431-1aNA has been laid (see figure 5).
Fig. 5: Grading Curve – AC 16 N according to Swiss Standard SN 640-431-1a The compaction behavior of the two types of asphalt mixture has been analyzed as a function of the number of roller passes.
The relationship can be expressed as y=a ×lnx+b (1) where y is the current compaction, a is the rate coefficient of the compaction increase, x the number of roller passes and b can be seen as the theoretical initial compaction before the first roller pass.
Fig. 8: Warm mix asphalt was laid at around 100°C To ensure pavement quality, a number of drilling cores has been taken of both types of asphalt.
Fig. 4: Several points of measurement to ensure accuracy of measurements with a nuclear gauge On the construction site, an asphalt concrete with grain size 16 mm (AC 16 N) according to the Swiss standard SN 640 431-1aNA has been laid (see figure 5).
Fig. 5: Grading Curve – AC 16 N according to Swiss Standard SN 640-431-1a The compaction behavior of the two types of asphalt mixture has been analyzed as a function of the number of roller passes.
The relationship can be expressed as y=a ×lnx+b (1) where y is the current compaction, a is the rate coefficient of the compaction increase, x the number of roller passes and b can be seen as the theoretical initial compaction before the first roller pass.
Fig. 8: Warm mix asphalt was laid at around 100°C To ensure pavement quality, a number of drilling cores has been taken of both types of asphalt.
Creating and Studying of Enterosorbent with Harsh-Fixed Antioxidants which Have Enzymatic Properties
Online since: January 2020
Authors: Alfiya M. Kapizova, Tamara V. Alikova, Luisa V. Omarieva
In the meantime, the enterosorbent with antioxidant functions have to decontaminate large numbers of different peroxide compounds.
It was found that 1 g of raw potato contains the number of enzymes - antioxidants that can decompose 71.4 mg of hydrogen peroxide in 30 minutes, 2.38 mg. in 1 min.
V Na2S2O3, сm3 2 1 The number of experiments Fig. 5.
The rats were fed with oats, which was designed in a solution of hydrogen peroxide (with a partial adsorption of H2O2 by grains of oats).
At the beginning, all animals were fed with oats treated with hydrogen peroxide (half of the position of the number of diet).
It was found that 1 g of raw potato contains the number of enzymes - antioxidants that can decompose 71.4 mg of hydrogen peroxide in 30 minutes, 2.38 mg. in 1 min.
V Na2S2O3, сm3 2 1 The number of experiments Fig. 5.
The rats were fed with oats, which was designed in a solution of hydrogen peroxide (with a partial adsorption of H2O2 by grains of oats).
At the beginning, all animals were fed with oats treated with hydrogen peroxide (half of the position of the number of diet).
Online since: April 2008
Authors: Yun Hae Kim, Hwang Rae Cho, Kyung Man Moon, Myeong Hoon Lee
However
cathodic current density to sustain -0.8V of
cathodic polarization potential increased with
increasing of cycle number.
This is probably that it is difficult to perform the oxide film due to occurring the surface pitting with increasing of cycle number.
Although cycle number is increased more and more, pitting potential is nearly maintained same value as the first cycle.
Some numbers of pitting were observed at base metal but base metal was also corroded comparatively uniformly all over the surface area.
Fine intergranular corrosion of A1F weld metal may be resulted in selective corrosion of both iron and deleted chromium area with anode in grain boundary.
This is probably that it is difficult to perform the oxide film due to occurring the surface pitting with increasing of cycle number.
Although cycle number is increased more and more, pitting potential is nearly maintained same value as the first cycle.
Some numbers of pitting were observed at base metal but base metal was also corroded comparatively uniformly all over the surface area.
Fine intergranular corrosion of A1F weld metal may be resulted in selective corrosion of both iron and deleted chromium area with anode in grain boundary.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Krzysztof Werner, Grzegorz Golański, Stanisław Mroziński
Repeated cyclic effect of temperature and load contributes to the occurrence of deformations and fractures of fatigue character after a certain number of cycles.
On grain boundaries of prior austenite and on subgrain boundaries, the M23C6 carbides were precipitated.
During fatigue tests, the changes in the basic parameters of hysteresis loop in the function of the number of stress cycles were observed.
Within these stages, a change in the shape of hysteresis loop in the function of the number of stress cycles was noticed.
On the basis of analysis of the graphs included in Fig. 5a and 5b it can be concluded that the extent of changes in the hysteresis loop parameters in the function of the number of stress cycles for the cast steel after ageing process is greater than in the case of material as delivered.
On grain boundaries of prior austenite and on subgrain boundaries, the M23C6 carbides were precipitated.
During fatigue tests, the changes in the basic parameters of hysteresis loop in the function of the number of stress cycles were observed.
Within these stages, a change in the shape of hysteresis loop in the function of the number of stress cycles was noticed.
On the basis of analysis of the graphs included in Fig. 5a and 5b it can be concluded that the extent of changes in the hysteresis loop parameters in the function of the number of stress cycles for the cast steel after ageing process is greater than in the case of material as delivered.
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Lukáš Balík, Tomáš Bittner, Šárka Nenadálová, Milan Rydval
The following compositions were tested:
· Composition 1 (LSHD): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar with no other finishing
· Composition 2 (LSHD + PAS): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar + acrylic-silicon penetration
· Composition 3 (LSHD + PAS + AZO3): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar + acrylic-silicon penetration + acrylic plaster with maximal grain 3 mm
Other material compositions can be found in previous papers, for example “Diffusion Parameters of Basic Diffusion Adhesive Mortars with Silicate or Acrylic Plaster” [6].
Tab. 1 Composition 1 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm] Average [mm] LSHD A 30.7 117,3 118.0 117.7 1.8 2.0 1.9 B 30.9 117.7 117.7 117.7 1,9 1,9 1.9 C 34.2 117.2 117.6 117.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 Tab. 2 Composition 2 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm Average [mm] LSHD+PAS A 28.3 116.5 116.9 116.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 B 37.0 117.3 117.3 117.3 2.5 2.3 2.4 C 36.2 117.2 117.3 117.2 2.4 2.3 2.4 Tab. 3 Composition 3 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm] Average [mm] LSHD+ PAS +AZO3 A 75.1 117.0 116.9 117.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 B 67.8 116.4 116.5 116.5 4.1 4.2 4.2 C 75.3 117.2 117.1 117.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 Diffusion Parameters Three samples from each composition were weighted on scales in accordance with ČSN EN ISO 7783 [1, 2] standard to determine water vapour permeability.
Tab. 4 Composition 1 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-8 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD A 3.44 1.24E-08 8.57 B 3.52 1.33E-08 7.96 C 3.49 1.29E-08 6.59 Average 3.48 1.29E-08 7.7 Tab. 5 Composition 2 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-8 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD+PAS A 1.59 2.96E-09 27.1 B 1.67 3.19E-09 26.7 C 1.78 3.55E-09 23.3 PRŮMĚR 1.68 3.23E-09 25.7 Tab. 6 Composition 3 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-9 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD+PAS +AZO A 3.83 4.51E-10 91.1 B 3.71 4.36E-10 110.3 C 3.13 3.64E-10 122.8 Average 3.56 4.17E-10 108.1 Detailed results showing average values (
Tab. 1 Composition 1 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm] Average [mm] LSHD A 30.7 117,3 118.0 117.7 1.8 2.0 1.9 B 30.9 117.7 117.7 117.7 1,9 1,9 1.9 C 34.2 117.2 117.6 117.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 Tab. 2 Composition 2 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm Average [mm] LSHD+PAS A 28.3 116.5 116.9 116.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 B 37.0 117.3 117.3 117.3 2.5 2.3 2.4 C 36.2 117.2 117.3 117.2 2.4 2.3 2.4 Tab. 3 Composition 3 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm] Average [mm] LSHD+ PAS +AZO3 A 75.1 117.0 116.9 117.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 B 67.8 116.4 116.5 116.5 4.1 4.2 4.2 C 75.3 117.2 117.1 117.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 Diffusion Parameters Three samples from each composition were weighted on scales in accordance with ČSN EN ISO 7783 [1, 2] standard to determine water vapour permeability.
Tab. 4 Composition 1 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-8 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD A 3.44 1.24E-08 8.57 B 3.52 1.33E-08 7.96 C 3.49 1.29E-08 6.59 Average 3.48 1.29E-08 7.7 Tab. 5 Composition 2 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-8 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD+PAS A 1.59 2.96E-09 27.1 B 1.67 3.19E-09 26.7 C 1.78 3.55E-09 23.3 PRŮMĚR 1.68 3.23E-09 25.7 Tab. 6 Composition 3 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-9 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD+PAS +AZO A 3.83 4.51E-10 91.1 B 3.71 4.36E-10 110.3 C 3.13 3.64E-10 122.8 Average 3.56 4.17E-10 108.1 Detailed results showing average values (
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Marcin Marciniak, Karol Łysiak, Tomasz Galek, Mirosław Tupaj
The addition of significant amounts of manganese controls the grain structure, providing improved strength properties.
The issue was the number of segments used for the heat source.
With this number of segments, the heat source was unstable, causing temperature fluctuations between 20,000°C and 20°C.
Reducing the number of segments to 100 stabilized the heat source.
The article emphasizes that initial simulation trials required optimization of the number of segments for the heat source, which influenced the stability of the simulation results.
The issue was the number of segments used for the heat source.
With this number of segments, the heat source was unstable, causing temperature fluctuations between 20,000°C and 20°C.
Reducing the number of segments to 100 stabilized the heat source.
The article emphasizes that initial simulation trials required optimization of the number of segments for the heat source, which influenced the stability of the simulation results.
Online since: June 2021
Authors: Akpabot Ifiok Akpabot, Munachiso C. Ogbodo
Laboratory tests, which includes bulk density, specific gravity, grain size analysis, slump and the compressive strength test was carried out on the aggregates and concrete.
Specific gravity of sand and periwinkle Specimen number Sand Periwinkle Bottle number A B C A B Mass of bottle + sample + water M3 95.6 95.7 95.8 1997 1999 Mass of bottle + sample M2 54 54.1 54 1294 1299 Mass of bottle + water M4 83.2 83.2 83.2 1456 1456 Mass of bottle M1 33.9 33.9 33.9 434 434 Mass of water used M3-M2 41.6 41.6 41.6 703 700 Mass of sample used M2-M1 20.1 20.2 20.1 860 865 Volume of sample (M4-M1) - (M3-M2) 7.7 7.7 7.5 319 322 Specific gravity 2.61 2.62 2.68 2.48 2.52 Av.
Specific gravity of sand and periwinkle Specimen number Sand Periwinkle Bottle number A B C A B Mass of bottle + sample + water M3 95.6 95.7 95.8 1997 1999 Mass of bottle + sample M2 54 54.1 54 1294 1299 Mass of bottle + water M4 83.2 83.2 83.2 1456 1456 Mass of bottle M1 33.9 33.9 33.9 434 434 Mass of water used M3-M2 41.6 41.6 41.6 703 700 Mass of sample used M2-M1 20.1 20.2 20.1 860 865 Volume of sample (M4-M1) - (M3-M2) 7.7 7.7 7.5 319 322 Specific gravity 2.61 2.62 2.68 2.48 2.52 Av.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Ying Zhang, Lian Feng Gao, Zhen Guo Zhang
Because unambiguous evidences of gas hydrates from cores and drill holes are often lacking, the number of sites where gas hydrates are suggested to occur may be overestimated.
Deposition rate The formation of marine gas hydrates must have a large number of source supplying.
Sediment grain size is too small, and the gaps between the particles are too small, no conducive for hydrate storage.
Continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico with dense gas hydrates, because of a large number of surface runoff inputting, changed the geology of the seabed near the shore [25].
Black Sea formed a unique water layer because of its special position, accepting a large number of terrestrial runoff, while the exports are narrow, leading the exchange with other ocean body blocked.
Deposition rate The formation of marine gas hydrates must have a large number of source supplying.
Sediment grain size is too small, and the gaps between the particles are too small, no conducive for hydrate storage.
Continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico with dense gas hydrates, because of a large number of surface runoff inputting, changed the geology of the seabed near the shore [25].
Black Sea formed a unique water layer because of its special position, accepting a large number of terrestrial runoff, while the exports are narrow, leading the exchange with other ocean body blocked.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: S.M. Darwish, Basem M.A. Abdo, A.M. El-Tamimi
RUM, shown in Fig. 1, is recognized as a reliable and cost effective machining method that is being applied in a number of critical engineering applications [1-3].
The grain size of the diamond was 16.2 nanometers.
Taguchi orthogonal array were used to reduce the number of experimental combinations [12], which will result in cost savings due to the expensive diamond tools.
Taguchi L27 orthogonal array was used as the experimental layout of the milling process because it can accommodate up to a maximum number of five 3-level factors with 26 degrees of freedom.
In the present research, Smaller-the-Better (Eq. 1) type situation has been selected as objective function is needed to be minimized η=-10 log10{1n.i=1nyi2 (1) Where η is S/N ratio, n is the number of observations and y is the observed data, [15] Table 3: Experimental Results Exp. no.
The grain size of the diamond was 16.2 nanometers.
Taguchi orthogonal array were used to reduce the number of experimental combinations [12], which will result in cost savings due to the expensive diamond tools.
Taguchi L27 orthogonal array was used as the experimental layout of the milling process because it can accommodate up to a maximum number of five 3-level factors with 26 degrees of freedom.
In the present research, Smaller-the-Better (Eq. 1) type situation has been selected as objective function is needed to be minimized η=-10 log10{1n.i=1nyi2 (1) Where η is S/N ratio, n is the number of observations and y is the observed data, [15] Table 3: Experimental Results Exp. no.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Ying Xian Zhang
The level of national degree of urbanization does not necessarily show the level of the country's life.Zhou Ganzhi who is the Chairman of the Urban Planning Society pointed out that the highest urbanization rate place is not in gaozhou or shanghai,but in neimenggu area.The urbanization rate is 87.5%,a large number of the population live in the town.Thereby the urbanization rate were increased.However, the reason for the migration of the population is land desertification,so they had to live in the town.
Although a large number of the population live in the city, but they are living in urban slums.They do not have the suitable job,The city in a variety of treatment has nothing to do with them.Although into the city,they can not access to high quality of life,then what significance does it have?
In order to save this situation, the state had to take a mandatory population migration.Pepple have to move out of the city Passively.Under the manipulation of the rapid urbanization of this country ,the farming population is greatly reduced and farmers' enthusiasm in production reduced.The result is a substantial reduction in grain yield.The country had emergency food imported from abroad due to the severe shortage of food in 1961.
For example,the number whom move into rural areas are more than whom move into urban areas in England,it is about more than 35 million.
As we all know ,after the nation relieved agricultural taxes, the number of farmers who are working in the city decreased all the time.
Although a large number of the population live in the city, but they are living in urban slums.They do not have the suitable job,The city in a variety of treatment has nothing to do with them.Although into the city,they can not access to high quality of life,then what significance does it have?
In order to save this situation, the state had to take a mandatory population migration.Pepple have to move out of the city Passively.Under the manipulation of the rapid urbanization of this country ,the farming population is greatly reduced and farmers' enthusiasm in production reduced.The result is a substantial reduction in grain yield.The country had emergency food imported from abroad due to the severe shortage of food in 1961.
For example,the number whom move into rural areas are more than whom move into urban areas in England,it is about more than 35 million.
As we all know ,after the nation relieved agricultural taxes, the number of farmers who are working in the city decreased all the time.