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In case of poor compaction, stains may appear on the surface. [22, 23, 24] The number and size of pores.
The number and size of pores on the surface are affected by the type of formwork used.
This is in particular the consistency of fresh concrete and the size of the grains, which must conform to the casting process.
Acknowledgement The research was supported by the Czech Republic under the number P105/12/G059 and Czech Technical University in Prague under number SGS 18/198/OHK1/3T/15.

The number of lines per cylinder surface (RPc) is 9 Lines/mm (±1).
Table 3 Main parameters of the laser roughing process Nozzle number Linear velocity(m/s) Line number(mm) Laser powe(w) Protection gas 2 105 9±1 1000±100 N2 2.3.
Number of defects, e.g. oxides and pores, increases while choosing wrong value for the spray parameters.
Owing to rapid cooling and high-speed impact of particles, the grains of the coated layer were refined obviously, together with lattice distortion.

Compressed cooling air passing through a large number of fine film-cooling holes (diameter less than 400 um) is an important way to reduce the blade surface temperature.
Table 2 Taper of each film-cooling hole in different hole processes Technology Serial number Average diameter of inlet /mm Average diameter of outlet /mm tanθ Taper θ/º Forming EDM 1 0.513 0.541 7.00E-03 0.4 2 0.521 0.536 3.75E-03 0.21 3 0.503 0.533 7.50E-03 0.43 4 0.519 0.548 7.25E-03 0.42 5 0.534 0.545 2.75E-03 0.16 High-speed EDM 1 0.506 0.540 8.50E-03 0.49 2 0.512 0.536 6.00E-03 0.34 3 0.505 0.565 1.50E-02 0.86 4 0.514 0.550 9.00E-03 0.52 5 0.541 0.544 7.50E-04 0.43 3.3.
The shear stress of the circular hole is symmetrically distributed, reaching a maximum at both ends of the hole; for the tapered hole, the shear stress at the large hole end is significantly larger than that of the small hole, and as the number of cycles increases, cracks will also sprout here.
It can be seen that both of them show the same trend of change, and the damage of the hole is larger at the first cycle, and decreases gradually with the increase of the number of cycles, and finally tends to be stable.
Reference [1] Yao Wang, et al, Characterization of Tilt and Twist Low Angle Grain Boundaries and Their Effects on Intermediate‐Temperature Creep Deformation Behaviour [J].

Introduction A great number of researches have been conducted on the application of Thermally Stable Diamond Composite (TSDC) in making rock cutting tips [1-7], because TSDC has much higher wear resistance than Tungsten Carbide (WC) [2] and much higher thermal stability than polycrystalline diamond composite (PCD) [3].
The properties of the high thermal stability and wear resistance of TSDC is due to that TSDC is made of synthetic diamond grains using ceramic-based silicon as the binder material during the sintering process [2-3].
Directly estimate the reliability of the tips, R, by calculating the relative frequency of tip failures and using the relationship between the failure probability and reliability: RL=1-FL=ns/Np , (1) where, RL and FL are the reliability and failure probability of the tip after cutting L mm long rock, respectively; ns is the number of the survived tips after cutting L mm long rock and Np is the number of the total tips used in the cutting tests. 3.
Nevertheless, to improve the estimation accuracy, both approaches require a large number of failure data based on accelerated life tests, which are often costly and time-consuming.

According to the data presented in [1], the multilayer coating contained 19 thick layers or 55 thin layers, and Ti/Al atomic ratio was satisfied by the layer thickness and their number in the package.
It should be noted that, as in the case of the first approach, upon reaching a certain number of layers, components of the stiffness tensor virtually do not change.
Since an increase in the number of layers leads to a decrease in their thickness, we had to stop the numerical experiment when the number of layers was equal to 30.
Shavshukov, Inhomogeneities in grains of polycrystalline materials and Eshelby problem, PNRPU Mechanics Bull. 1 (2018) 58-72

With the accelerating process of urbanization in China, it is in big need to build a number of key towns and expand the size of some cities to promote the development of surrounding areas, which is also suitable in Qingyang City.
Table 1 The urban population size of Qingyang City levels Scale/ten thousand people number/ a Number percentage /% Population percentage/% 1 10~20 1 2.70 31.38 2 5~10 1 2.70 15.69 3 2~5 4 10.82 34.52 4 〈2 31 83.78 18.41 cumulation —— 37 100 100 Data sources: Annual Book of Gansu Development 2010 Fractal dimension estimation urban-scale structure.
Calculation and evaluation of the ecological carrying capacity Ecological carrying capacity refers to the self-sustaining and self-regulating capacity of eco-system, the capacity for tolerance of resource with resources and environment subsystem, the intensity of social and economic activities, and a certain number of people with some degree of living standard[4].
Index layer contains 7 indexes and they are Per capita water amount index(I10), per capita Cultivated land Area index(I11), Grain yield index(I12), Forest coverage rate(I13), Per-capita forest area index(I14), land proportion of forested land(I15), Per capita grassland area index(I16).

The zonal statistics tool was then used to assess number of vegetated pixels within each plot.
FVC was calculated by dividing the number of vegetated pixels by the total number of pixels in the AOI.
No, number of samples; min, minimum, max, maximum; SD, standard deviation; and CV, coefficient of variation.
Grain yield prediction using multi-temporal UAV-based multispectral vegetation indices and endmember abundance in rice.

,is widely used in the production of large sized complex thin walled castings in aerospace and automotive manufacturing, and other fields [1] because the parts produced by this method are of high quality, low shrinkage porosity, fine grains, etc.
In recent years, with the rapid development of intelligent control technology, as the representative of the control object in a number of complexes, nonlinear, time-varying and large inertia of the system, fuzzy control intelligent control technology has been widely used.
The fuzzy inference rule is if X1 is A1i and X2 is A2i then Y is Bi (3) where X1 and X2 respectively represent the error and error change rate; Y is the opening output; A1, A2 and B are the fuzzy language value; iis the number of statements, as shown in Table 3.
The total number of rules is 49.
Thus, the results of KP (KI and KD are similar) are Rx,y=i-1n(A1i×A2i)×Bi (4) Defuzzification of output The centroid method is used to implement defuzzification, and the value of the fuzzy control output is given by u*=jkjuj/jkj (5) wherej is the rule number.

To avoid or at least limit clinical complications related to in-service failure, the stents are designed to endure high cycle fatigue (HCF) due to the high number of cycles caused by the blood pressure (4x107 cycles/year).
According to these approaches, fatigue cracks initiate in the planes of maximum shear and propagate through the grains.
Dang van's criterion Dang Van assumes that fatigue crack initiation occurs in critical stress raiser areas due to the unfavourable orientation of certain material grains with regard to the imposed loadings.
As many other approaches, Goodman considers a combination between the alternating and mean stress to state when a material fails at some given number of cycles.

Here again, the versatility of the optical characterization allows the observation scale of specimens to be changed by changing the focal length of the camera, the resolution of the images to be increased or decreased by changing the data acquisition frequency of the digital camera (number of images per seconds).
It is also possible to increase the number of image per second if the resolution is lowered.
Namely, it can strongly depend on the microstructure of the alloy substrate, in relation for instance to the crystal orientation of the grain or to the presence of a grain boundary underneath the oxide scale.