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However, even if the crystalline phase has excellent water vapor corrosion resistance, the boundary glassy phase at the grain boundary selectively corroded by water vapor under gas turbine conditions as discussed in our previous reports3,4).
Free carbon is considered to be present in the molten oxide during heating and the reduction reaction is expected to produce a large number of evaporating species of the Al component.

Therefore, the bond of the cBN grinding wheels must have a high strength, wear resistance and good grain retention properties.
Experimental procedures V-EPC processing of cBN /austenite-bainite ductile iron composite samples consists of a number of steps as shown in Fig.1.

Experimental procedure The mechanical tests were performed using commercial-grade pure titanium VT1-0, which had been subjected to recrystallization and had grain size 12.5 μm.
At the prefracture stage the number of localized plasticity nuclei would grow less.

This situation is mainly due to the complexity of the grain structure of this material which is unlike some ferrous material that has a predictable behavior upon applying a certain set of parameters.
In the end the total numbers of 16 experiments were carried out .The complete design is shown in Table 2.

Thus, electrochemical co-deposition is a technique which enables the production of a large number of composite materials with unique properties.
The mean surface area of TiO2 and PTFE grains were measured and calculated to be 7 and 5 mm2, respectively.

Oxygen molecules adsorbed on the triple phase boundaries of SSC-RuO2-O2 gas, easily react with the electron supplied from RuO2 and the formed oxide ions diffuse along the grain boundaries between SSC and RuO2.
When the parallel circuit shown in Fig. 3 is assumed for the cell in the open circuit condition, VOCV is expressed by Eq. (2),       −= N P NiOCV E IR 1E t V (2) where EN is the voltage calculated by Nernst equation, ti the oxide ion transference number, RP the resistance of electrode and I the internal short circuit current.

We recognized 31 microbialites sequences, including 32.3% of the total number of sequences in the Upper Cambrian strata.
In fact, generally centimeter sizes of clots grains which indicate that the formation of clotted laminations is related to periodic tidal flow of the coastal zone.

Surface preparation has an impact on the epilayer mosaicity by reducing grain misorientation (twist and tilt) which is observed in σII FWHM value.
In conclusion, our study has clearly indicated the necessity of high temperature etching of some commercially available SiC crystals prior to GaN epitaxial growth Acknowledgment RBS/channeling analysis has been carried out the AIM of the Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research of the Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf within the framework of the specific research and technological development programme of the European Community "Structuring the European Research Area: Research Infrastructures Transnational Access" (RITA Contract Number 025646).

The microwave drying process has been considered as an alternative drying method in obtaining high quality of dry products such as fruits, vegetables and grains.
Microwave drying and heating simulations were performed for several prolate spheroids, considering constants the thermo-physical properties given in terms of the dimensionless parameters, Biot numbers of mass and heat transfer (Bi m= hmL1/D and Bic = hcL1/KT), and the heat generation source term (Q).

Introduction An important operation in mineral processing is physically separating the grains of valuable minerals (concentrate) from the gangue minerals (tailing).
The fluidization technique is widely used in industry for its different useful applications, and a number of researchers have tried to explain particles separation in a liquid fluidized bed.