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Online since: July 2014
Authors: Vladimir Vladimirovich Molodtsov, Andrey Yurevich Barbin
For drilling, milling and boring multipurpose machines, the volumetric efficiency of cutting Q in cm3/min can be found using the following equations: Milling Boring Drilling Dependency between average value of power consumption – P, kW, and cutting parameters for these operations can be described by the following equations: Milling Boring Drilling where t - is cutting depth, mm; B - is width of machining, mm; - is feed per minute, mm/min; sn - is feed per revolution, mm/rev; vc - is cutting speed, m/min; D - is tool diameter, mm; - is specific cutting force, N/mm2; sz - is feed per tooth, mm; n - is spindle rotation speed, rpm; zc - is number of teeth of milling cutter; - is average thickness of chips; h0 - is base thickness of chips (in most cases 1 mm); Cp - is an empirical factor depending of properties of material being machined; m - is exponent (≈ 0.2…0.3 for different materials) [4].
In the first case, at low machining speeds performance is achieved by increasing of cutting depth, feed per tool tooth, number of tools (and, consequently, tool size).
This was made possible by development of new machining materials (small-grain hard alloys with coatings, different kinds of ceramics, super-hard materials).
During milling, increasing of diameter makes it necessary to decrease number of teeth of the tool in order to limit cutting force.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Su Li, Lu Wen Li, Wen Chao Wang, Jian Jun Zhou
Xiangyang She et al. [7] introduced the SVM theory and method, combining with the fundamental principle of remote sensing image approximately geometric correction, employed difference GPS to measure actually ground control points coordinates, used the remote sensing image processing software to measure image coordinates corresponding to ground control points, and selected respectively different number of control points as remote sensing image geometric correction control points and the rest of the control points as check points according to clustering algorithm.
Soliman Omar S [27] by nonlinear kernel SVM algorithm presented a classification system for satellite remote sensing images obtained by ASTER satellite .Through the test and comparison on the eastern desert of Egypt the northeastern region of interest, SVM classifier constructed by RBF kernel function had the highest accuracy.For the SVM classification function, because that the number of support vector was proportional to the classification time in the nonlinear case, Habib T [28] provided four kinds of algorithm to reduce support vector, by extracting the general changes in different remote sensing images of a group, classifying the images as two kinds of conditions -----change and no change, and testing the four algorithms in the framework of changes.
Karimi Y [38] studied the possibility of extracting crop growth and biodiversity parameters from the aerial hyper-spectral remote sensing image using SVM method, showing that crop biological parameters could estimate accurately grain yield by the reflection data collected at heading stage.
Nowadays, research on the algorithm focus on improving the classification precision and improving classification efficiency, and how to reduce the number of training samples and improve the training reliability also draws a lot of attention.
Online since: October 2024
Authors: Farhan Farhan, Sahar Noor, Abdul Shakoor
According to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, the number of procedures performed in the United States is expected to increase to at least 750,000 per year by 2025.
Consolidation of UHMWPE, which is a diffusion-limited process, needs adequate time at high temperatures and pressures to allow the molecular chains to move across grain boundaries.
"KNEE REPLACEMENT SURGERY BY THE NUMBERS.
"https://www.thecenteroregon.com/medical-blog/knee-replacement-surgery-by-the numbers (accessed 2022)
Online since: February 2018
Authors: Henri Nguyen-Thi, Yun Chen, Tong Zhao Gong, Na Min Xiao, Dian Zhong Li
According to the Rayleigh number, it is well known that the natural convection strongly depends on the characteristic length for flow.
Typical seaweed structure observed on the leading grain is delineated by yellow dashed line.
Unlike what was achieved for degenerate-seaweed growth in organic alloys[70, 76, 77], the anisotropic primary Al-solid phase was not forced to grow close to {111} plane so that grain competition was attempting to select with time resulting in grain(s) growing closer to <100>-direction.
Growth and interaction of dendritic equiaxed grains: In situ characterization by synchrotron X-ray radiography, Acta Mater. 61 (2013) 1303-1315
In situ and real-time analysis of the growth and interaction of equiaxed grains by synchrotron x- ray radiography, IOP Conf.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Guo Ming Wang, Wen Jun Li, Zeng Zin Li
Introduction Furfural, one kind of important light industry and chemical raw materials, can be hydrolyzed in acid medium by some renewable resources, such as corncobs, begasses, grain hulls, and so on.
The uniform design is a new experimental design method, which is characterized as the design points evenly distributed within the experimental range, and the number of trials and the level number is equal to the multi-factor test.
For acidic carrier, there are a large number of acidic centers on its surface, which will accelerate the reaction rate and result in less selectivity of the hydrogenation products of furfuryl alcohol.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: J.W. Bridge, C.A. Mahaffey, M.L. Peterson
Multi-year data sets for these tracks demonstrate that a number of factors such as the wax coating, material composition, surface temperature, and surface maintenance between races influence the consistency of a synthetic track material.
In addition to calculating the ratio of sand in the composite track surface material, images from a microscope allow for classification of the angularity of the sand grains (i.e. round, sub-round, sub-angular, angular) [13], which affects the mechanical performance of the material.
These tests give general carbon number distributions of petroleum waxes from C17 through C44 and higher.
Normal and non-normal (isomer) hydrocarbon molecule mass percent are reported and results can be used to compare the carbon number distributions of different waxes.
Online since: July 2018
Authors: Rustam Kaibyshev, Ivan Zuiko, Vladislav Kulitckii
As revealed by maps the average grain size was practically the same after both tempers: ~15 and ~18 mm after 7% rolling and tension, respectively.
A comparison between BF and DF allows affirming that number of θ″ after rolling is a bit higher than after stretching.
In addition, number density of θ″-phase particles decreases. 3.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation under the agreement №14.584.21.0023 (ID number RFMEFI58417X0023).
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Jun Wang, Manickam Sivakumar
The effective number of pulses received by the sample surface at a given scan speed can be estimated from relation of 2wof/V, where wo is the radius of focussed spot, f is the pulse repetition rate and V is the scan speed.
For the repetition rate and scan speed used in this study, the effective number of pulses received by sample surface is ~480.
The pulse duration, the number of laser pulses applied, and pulse to pulse separation time can be set to provide a satisfactory condition for the growth of submicron structures.
Shimoyama, Alignment of grain boundary in a Si film crystallized by a linearly polarized laser beam on a glass substrate.
Online since: March 2013
Authors: Jia Mei Jin, Fei Wu, Xiao Jian Chen
The size of right PZT8 PZT-8 number PZT-8 A PZTB-8 B PZT-8 C Size(mm)/external diameter/internal diameter×thickness Ф60/Ф45×0.5 Ф40/Ф28×0.5 Ф23×0.5 The optimization design used to search for optimum solution refers to various requirements, which will be reflected in the objective function.
The size numbers referred to are presented in Fig 4.
Size number of prototype Calculated by the optimization program, the optimum solution meeting the requirements is attained shown in Table 2.
Butler, Simulation of precision grinding process, part 1: interaction of the abrasive grain with the workpeice, Int J Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2005, 45: 1329-1336 [15] Zhao Chunsheng, Ultrasonic Motors Technologies and Applications.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Guo Fang Kuang, Chun Lin Kuang
IPv6 security mechanisms and their performance trends: on the one hand, the network dramatic development caused by the IPv4 limited resources design highlights directly caused by the network address shortage crisis, and this crisis is increasingly showing exacerbate existing network security system; the other hand, for the security and privacy considerations, a growing number of commercial organizations and government departments are no longer willing to send their sensitive information and the exchange of information in plaintext in an insecure network, leading to encryption and authentication needs of rapid growth.
Due to the great number of nodes in the same subnet support (up to the order of magnitude of a billion billion), hackers found through the scanned host the difficulty greatly increased.
Because of the very large number of addresses, and even if it is a grain of sand, can have its own IP address.
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