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Reported nitrogen diffusion profiles are analyzed to deduce the basic properties of the N2 / N1 community of nitrogen dimers and monomers: the species diffusivities, the equilibrium dissociation constant and the dissociation time of dimers.
- Dislocation locking, and thus mechanical strengthening of the material [5]
By bringing these two sources together, and using some additional data, the basic properties of the N1 / N2 system can be deduced.
An uncertainty in the dissociation constant is somewhat larger, probably by a factor of 4 at the same T.
The diffusivity of the dimeric species N2 was concluded to be too low to affect nitrogen diffusion profiles.

Excellent service properties of these alloys at high temperatures are achieved by thorough optimization of the complex composition, where the number of alloying elements can reach 10 or more.
Concentrations of Al and Co are multiplied by a factor of 5, concentration of W by a factor of 10.
The values characterize how much the diffusivity of a given element is affected by other components.
First, it is needed for alloy design oriented on the development of alloys with low diffusion mobility which provides high service properties of superalloys at elevated temperatures.
Golubovskiy, Hot isostatic pressing of single-crystal nickel-base superalloys: Mechanism of pore closure and effect on mechanical properties, MATEC Web of Conferences 14. 08003 (2014)

Lei College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Keywords: Electroforming, Electrodeposition, Nanocrystalline material, Ni-Mn alloy Abstract.
The mechanical properties of electroformed articles can vary by changing electrolyte selection and operating conditions.
Therefore, the reduction of crystalline sizes of the deposit down to the order of nanometer will also be an important way for the improvement of the properties of the electroformed layer.
Mn content of the electroformed Ni-Mn alloy is an important factor that affects the microstructure and properties of the alloy.
Microhardness of the electroformed layer of Ni-Mn alloy is mainly dependent on its composition and microstructure, and is a comprehensive performance of related properties.

Workability, abundance of raw material in certain parts of the world and ease production of the brick are factors that made this technical solution interesting to be disseminated around the world in order to fulfill demands for habitation.
Interaction among factors such as dimensions, corrections, cures and stabilization, contributes for final adobe brick’s performance.
A foundation can be built with materials to avoid that this humidity affects the walls.
The bricks drying time was different in all constructions and this fact indicates that – depending on factors as local temperature, conditions for the cure (under the sun or in shade) and dimensions of the brick – this ideal time for drying can vary.
Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of adobe (Bricks of raw earth).

Ebunilo2,b 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria a eizaliu@yahoo.co.uk , bebunilo17@yahoo.co.uk Keywords: Cocoa pod, machine, bean damage, fabricate, testing Abstract: Breaking of cocoa pods in order to release the beans presently constitutes a difficult task for Nigerian cocoa farmers.
Nomenclature d = shaft diameter, mm Kb = combined shock and fatigue factor for bending moment Kt = combined shock and fatigue factor for torsional moment Mb = bending moment, Nm Mt = torsional moment, Nm P = Power required by machine, Watts Pb = Power transmitted by belt, Watts r = radius of pulley, mm T = torque, Nm T1, T2 = belt tension on tight side, belt tension on slack side of pulley, mm V = velocity of belt, m/s β = half groove angle θ = angle subtended by belt at the centre of pulley μ = coefficient of friction σs = allowable shear stress, N/mm2 ω = angular velocity, radians Introduction Cocoa, Theobroma Cacao is believed to have originated from South and Central America [1, 2].
This often results in over 5% mechanical damage to the beans and increased susceptibility to insects and fungal infestation [15, 16].
Table 1 Classification of cocoa pods CATEGORY SIZE RANGE[cm] Small 5.00-6.40 Medium 6.50-8.00 Big 8.10-9.60 Table 2 Output of broken pods CLASS OUTPUT [kg/hr] Hand operated Motorized Small 581 1139.5 Medium 437 1176.3 Big 713 1213.7 Table 3 Time to break pods and seed damage CATEGORY TIME[s] SEED DAMAGE [%] Small 2.0 0.29 Medium 3.28 0.24 Big 3.56 0.24 Discussion Though seed damage was grossly reduced by the hand operated impact cocoa pod breaker it nonetheless affected the output.
Bamgboye, Effect of some physical properties of cocoa bean on post h a harvest delay on its compressive and impact rupture, Discoveries and Innovations 15 (3) (2003) 137 – 141

This determines the final microstructure and thereby the mechanical properties of the material.
The energy of the interfaces depends, among other factors, on the difference in crystallographic orientation between neighbouring grains and on the inclination angle of the interface between the two crystals.
Unfortunately, duplex stainless steels also contain carbon, which tends to form carbides with the chromium present at austenite grain boundaries and may affect the nucleation of the ferrite phase.
For the EBSD-measurements the sample was prepared by mechanical (down to 1µm) and electrolytic polishing (electrolyte A2 (Struers), flow rate 13, 25 s, 35 V).

Improvements from the distinction of smaller density differences to the faster speed of measurements made the technology suitable for non-destructive inspection of mechanical components and parts, such as security-relevant inspections of helicopter or turbine blades, and inspection of casted aluminum parts [1].
For investigating the connecting rod material, a XCT scanner with the properties listed in table 1 has been used.
The proper selection of the magnification factor depends on the part to be scanned, which has to fit entirely on the detector area.
When scanning dense materials, which require higher penetrating power, loss of contrast or saturation of the detector may be also a factor.
For dimensional control, however, the remaining parasitic effects drastically affected the point cloud representativeness.

However, they are not conducive to the practical application of microcapsules due to poor mechanical and thermal stability [3].
Organic/inorganic composite capsule wall can give the advantages of mechanical and thermal stability of inorganic materials and packaging ability of organic materials, and optimize the performance of phase change microcapsules [4,5].
The agglomeration between microcapsules not only affected the performance of microcapsules, but also made microcapsules more vulnerable to damage in the process of practical application, resulting in oil leakage.
Therefore clove oil microcapsules can be preserved at room temperature from the point view of economic factors.
Zhou, Preparation and barrier properties of the microcapsules added nanoclays in the wall[J].

Thermal properties are mostly obtained experimentally, following simplified approaches that may or may not resemble the conditions under which these materials will be used.
More precisely, the heat transfer was higher by a factor of approximately 1.7.
This last validation consisted in the simulation of walls using these mulch and lava-rock thermal properties and comparing them with experimental data.
Jr., and Capobianchi, M., (1999), Mechanical Engineering Handbook, Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, chapter Heat and Mass Transfer, pp. 4–1 to 4–287
[9] Arnaud, L. (2000), Mechanical and thermal properties of hemp mortars and wools: experimental and theoretical approaches, in ‘BIORESOURCE HEMP 2000 and other fibre crops’, nova-Institut und Tritec, Wolfsburg 13-16

A large number of researchers have been trying Ti alloys in an attempt to combine most of their advantages, such as high specific yield strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent fatigue property, and biocompatibility [1-3].
In the early stage, the development of Ti alloys were mainly focused on the defense system technologies, thus their performance was a more crucial factor than the cost [4].
However, the cost problem cannot be overlooked any more, especially in the field of civil mechanical engineering.
Fig. 2 shows the results of EPMA mapping that not only the interstitial oxygen atoms but also the substitutional Al atoms dissolved from mold material affect the metal-mold reactions.