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Online since: August 2007
Authors: Young Seog Lee, S.I. Kim, D.W. Kim, Y.C. Yang, D.J. Paik, Shi Hoon Choi
To enhance the formability of the GA steel sheet, the previous works [1-5] focused on controlling
several factors such as grain size, crystallographic orientation, temperature, coating thickness and
phase composition of the intermetallic layer.
Those for the coating layer is 220E3[MPa], Length [mm] Thickness [µm] Number of elements Substrate 17 686 32445 Coating layer 17 4.667 3708 Cohesive element 17 2.333 1854 Table 2 Dimensions of substrate, layer and cohesive element � Coating layer Steel matrix Steel matrix Lower die Specimen Upper die 341[MPa] and 0.27, respectively.
Those for the coating layer is 220E3[MPa], Length [mm] Thickness [µm] Number of elements Substrate 17 686 32445 Coating layer 17 4.667 3708 Cohesive element 17 2.333 1854 Table 2 Dimensions of substrate, layer and cohesive element � Coating layer Steel matrix Steel matrix Lower die Specimen Upper die 341[MPa] and 0.27, respectively.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Yu.A. Chesnokov, Andrey N. Dmitriev, G.Yu. Arzhadeeva
Besides such approach provides the simple possibility of specification and expansion of
number of the factors influencing the carbonization process at a sacrifice of correction or addition of
corresponding dependences in:
k
k
nB
ii
nB
nV
ii
nV
F
F
F
F
f
)1(....)1(
)1(.....)1(
)( 1
1
11 11
α
α
α
α
ω
+⋅⋅+
+⋅⋅+
= , (1)
where )(ωf - the function of the technological and statistical parameters of burden as a result of
which calculation change of parameter CRI is defined; iα, kn - the coefficients providing
corresponding influence of the factor; iF - the actually factor (the characteristic of burden,
parameter of coking conditions of, etc.).
(8) (at the СО2 → 0.0; νK → 1.0; at the СО2 → 1.0, νK → 1.28); ς - the labyrinthine factor (0.02-0.03); ϕ - porosity of coke (0.4-0.5); 0D - the diffusion coefficient of СО2 at normal conditions (0.137 cm2/s); n - the index in dependence of diffusion factor on temperature (1.5-2.0); S - the Thiele criterion, it is directly proportional to radius of a piece (of coke, ore, grain of the catalyst, etc.) and usually it is equate > 5-10 for materials of industrial size ( 0r > 0.5 cm).
(8) (at the СО2 → 0.0; νK → 1.0; at the СО2 → 1.0, νK → 1.28); ς - the labyrinthine factor (0.02-0.03); ϕ - porosity of coke (0.4-0.5); 0D - the diffusion coefficient of СО2 at normal conditions (0.137 cm2/s); n - the index in dependence of diffusion factor on temperature (1.5-2.0); S - the Thiele criterion, it is directly proportional to radius of a piece (of coke, ore, grain of the catalyst, etc.) and usually it is equate > 5-10 for materials of industrial size ( 0r > 0.5 cm).
Online since: July 2010
Authors: Hiroshi Funakubo, Hiroshi Uchida, Seiichiro Koda, Yuki Mizutani
., Ti4+, Nb5+, or W
6+), and m is the
number of BO6 octahedral in pseudo perovskite blocks (m = 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) [1-3].
The SrBi4Ti4O15 film prepared on (100)SrRuO3//(100)LaNiO3/(111)Pt/TiO2/(100)Si exhibited higher current density than that on (100)LaNiO3/(111)Pt/TiO2/(100)Si, which had unhomogeneous microstructure with rough grains rather than others.
The SrBi4Ti4O15 film prepared on (100)SrRuO3//(100)LaNiO3/(111)Pt/TiO2/(100)Si exhibited higher current density than that on (100)LaNiO3/(111)Pt/TiO2/(100)Si, which had unhomogeneous microstructure with rough grains rather than others.
Online since: November 2005
Authors: Yoshihiro Tomita, Kisaragi Yashiro, Atsushi Furuta
Introduction
Nanoindentation is extensively used to explore the material properties in the sub-micrometer region,
e.g. grain boundaries in metal or thin films on a substrate of opt-electronic devices [1, 2].
The molecular mass of a folded chain is 6724 while the total number of methylene group in the crystal is 268960.
The molecular mass of a folded chain is 6724 while the total number of methylene group in the crystal is 268960.
Online since: April 2012
Authors: Xi Peng Xu, Xiu Yu Chen, Shen Gui Huang, Nian Duan
It first extracts a certain number of points set from target data randomly, then calculates them by certain mathematical model to find out those that meet the requirements, and finally gets the maximum points set which meet the requirements through operating such methods iteratively.[3,4]
Image Fusion Algorithm.
In this paper, the size of diamond grain in grinding wheel is from 140 Mesh to 170 Mesh.
In this paper, the size of diamond grain in grinding wheel is from 140 Mesh to 170 Mesh.
Online since: May 2006
Authors: Raluca Savu, Ednan Joanni, José R. A. Fernandes
Another important effect of the deposition pressure can be
observed in the microstructural characteristics of the films: the ones made at 1 mbar are not fully
compact being easily removed from the substrates, while those deposited at 2×10-4 mbar exhibited a
large number of fractures due to the high level of residual mechanical stress.
In this particular case, the different stress levels and the nucleation and growth of the perovskite crystal lattice having particular orientations were most probably related to changes in the extent of Ti diffusion through the Pt grain boundaries during the deposition of the metallic films at different temperatures, as previously reported for PZT films made by RF magnetron sputtering [8].
In this particular case, the different stress levels and the nucleation and growth of the perovskite crystal lattice having particular orientations were most probably related to changes in the extent of Ti diffusion through the Pt grain boundaries during the deposition of the metallic films at different temperatures, as previously reported for PZT films made by RF magnetron sputtering [8].
Online since: September 2012
Authors: Kai Egashira, Vitchuda Lertphokanont, Minoru Ota, Takayuki Sato, Keishi Yamaguchi
When the gap voltage is applied to the tool electrode,
r : Displacement
ε : Degree of eccentricity
ω0 : Natural frequency
ω : Number of revolutions
l : Shaft length
m : Mass of the shaft
ms : Mass of the electrode
d : Shaft diameter
E : Young's modulus
z : Damping ratio
ms
l
r
d
m
Fig. 2 Cantilever model.
In finishing process, aluminum oxide film 2 μm in mean grain size was attached to copper pipe of 6 mm in diameter and the pipe was chucked on the turning machine.
In finishing process, aluminum oxide film 2 μm in mean grain size was attached to copper pipe of 6 mm in diameter and the pipe was chucked on the turning machine.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Xiao Ying Zhang, Jian Tao Niu, Na Na Pei, Qi Lei Tian
The molecular chain of cellulose II has bad arrangement regularity, and the growth of crystal grain is not sufficient, thus the crystallinity index and degree of crystallinity of cellulose II have different decrease compared with cellulose I [8].
SEM pictures of the fiberss before and after degradation It can be seen from Figure 2, parts of the surface of cotton, ramie, viscose fibers are porous and grooved after degradation for 20 days; while the number and size of holes on the surface of the three fibers increase substantially after degradation for 40 days,meanwhile, the groove increases and the fragmentation phenomenon appeared.
SEM pictures of the fiberss before and after degradation It can be seen from Figure 2, parts of the surface of cotton, ramie, viscose fibers are porous and grooved after degradation for 20 days; while the number and size of holes on the surface of the three fibers increase substantially after degradation for 40 days,meanwhile, the groove increases and the fragmentation phenomenon appeared.