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Online since: January 2009
Authors: T. Krishnakumar, R. Jayaprakash, V.N. Singh, B.R. Mehta, A.R. Phani
Tin oxide semiconductor has tetragonal rutile structure, its
unit cell parameters and space group are a = 4.737 Å, c = 3.185 Å and P42/mmm [6] respectively.
The sintered samples at 600 ºC showed the perfect Cassiterite rutile structure [21].
It was easily converted to Cassiterite structure of SnO2 nanocrystal by simple annealing process at moderate temperature of 300 °C.
Acknowledgement Thanks to Prof Nicola Pinna, Department of Chemistry and CICECO, University of de Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal for his fruitful advises and helps to carry out this work.
[8] Dabin Yu, Debao Wang, Weichao Yu, Yitai Qian, Synthesis of ITO nanowires and nanorods with corundum structure by a co-precipitation method, Mater.
The sintered samples at 600 ºC showed the perfect Cassiterite rutile structure [21].
It was easily converted to Cassiterite structure of SnO2 nanocrystal by simple annealing process at moderate temperature of 300 °C.
Acknowledgement Thanks to Prof Nicola Pinna, Department of Chemistry and CICECO, University of de Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal for his fruitful advises and helps to carry out this work.
[8] Dabin Yu, Debao Wang, Weichao Yu, Yitai Qian, Synthesis of ITO nanowires and nanorods with corundum structure by a co-precipitation method, Mater.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Lian Wei Yang, Rui Jie Wang
In addition, the properties and the structure were also tested.
2 Experimental
2.1 Materials
The straw flour was provided by the lab of Northeastern University in Hubei province.
The chains of PAA were grafted on the chain of Straw flour and they formed a loosely erosslinked three-dimensional structure and could hold some water.
Their surface was coarse and had a structure of network.
Spectroscopic Methods on Organic Chemistry [M].
Detailed Examination of Branched Structure of Straw Glucomannan [J].
The chains of PAA were grafted on the chain of Straw flour and they formed a loosely erosslinked three-dimensional structure and could hold some water.
Their surface was coarse and had a structure of network.
Spectroscopic Methods on Organic Chemistry [M].
Detailed Examination of Branched Structure of Straw Glucomannan [J].
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Olga Golovanova
Our results, obtained on given stones, have shown that the most part of urinary stone has polymineral composition; that is why we studied the feature of zonal structure of some stones after open surgery.
These data reflect the specificity of urinary stones crystallization process, because of the complex nature of the stone formation condition, the chemical composition and the crystalline structure strongly vary from stone to stone and within a given stone.
This may be attributed to the greater ability of metal ions partially replace calcium ion in crystal structure of apatites.
Sahni, Biomineralization: Some complex crystallite-oriented skeletal structures, J.
Weiner, Control of Biogenic Nanocrystal Formation in Biomineralization, Israil Journal of Chemistry 56 (2016) 227-241, doi: 10.1002/ijch.201500038
These data reflect the specificity of urinary stones crystallization process, because of the complex nature of the stone formation condition, the chemical composition and the crystalline structure strongly vary from stone to stone and within a given stone.
This may be attributed to the greater ability of metal ions partially replace calcium ion in crystal structure of apatites.
Sahni, Biomineralization: Some complex crystallite-oriented skeletal structures, J.
Weiner, Control of Biogenic Nanocrystal Formation in Biomineralization, Israil Journal of Chemistry 56 (2016) 227-241, doi: 10.1002/ijch.201500038
Online since: August 2021
Authors: Alexey Sobachkin, Alexander A. Sitnikov, Andrey Yu. Myasnikov
Myasnikov1,2,c
1Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia
2Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
aanicpt@rambler.ru, banicpt@mail.ru, canicpt@list.ru
Keywords: MAX-phase, Ti-Al-C, mechanical activation, gamma irradiation.
However, with mechanical activation, possibilities of “fine” control of the structure are very limited.
To implement “fine” control of the structure, it is proposed to use gamma-irradiation [6-8].
The effect of gamma irradiation on matrix structure of activated mixtures of Ti-Al-C system has not been practically studied.
The increase in intensities indicates an increase in crystallinity of structure of mixture components during gamma irradiation.
However, with mechanical activation, possibilities of “fine” control of the structure are very limited.
To implement “fine” control of the structure, it is proposed to use gamma-irradiation [6-8].
The effect of gamma irradiation on matrix structure of activated mixtures of Ti-Al-C system has not been practically studied.
The increase in intensities indicates an increase in crystallinity of structure of mixture components during gamma irradiation.
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Attila Kári-Horváth, Zsolt Lantos, Ákos Sztancsek, Gábor Kristóf
This led to a focus on reducing costs in terms of optimizing the steel structure, machinery and production process.
The production was followed by the mechanical assembly phase, which was implemented as an installation in the frame structure unit, in order to ensure optimal use of space.
The electric main distribution control cabinet was placed in the upper part of the frame structure unit. 4.3.
The lower unit, called Frame Structure I, is an increased height 20' HC container (H:6060 x L:2440 x W:2900mm), while the upper unit, called Frame Structure II, is a normal height 20'DC (H:6060 x L:2440 x W:2600mm) sea container.
[9] Lányi K; Molnar E; Vanó I; Korzenszky P. (2014) Looking Behind The Process of Pyrolysis in Waste Management: Questions on The Composition and Quality of End-Product and Their Answers by Meas of Analytical Chemistry, Hungarian Agricultural Engineering 26 pp. 25-28, 4 p
The production was followed by the mechanical assembly phase, which was implemented as an installation in the frame structure unit, in order to ensure optimal use of space.
The electric main distribution control cabinet was placed in the upper part of the frame structure unit. 4.3.
The lower unit, called Frame Structure I, is an increased height 20' HC container (H:6060 x L:2440 x W:2900mm), while the upper unit, called Frame Structure II, is a normal height 20'DC (H:6060 x L:2440 x W:2600mm) sea container.
[9] Lányi K; Molnar E; Vanó I; Korzenszky P. (2014) Looking Behind The Process of Pyrolysis in Waste Management: Questions on The Composition and Quality of End-Product and Their Answers by Meas of Analytical Chemistry, Hungarian Agricultural Engineering 26 pp. 25-28, 4 p
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Yong Gen Wu, Ya Wei Fu, Liang Cai Cai
Under a strongly alkaline solution, -O-Si-O-Al-O- in vitreous body structure is rapidly dissolved into solution to form [SiO4]4- and [AlO4]5- tetrahedral units, then new -O-Si-O-Al-O- binding materials with three-dimensional network structure are yield by shrinking and polymerization reaction.
AAC rely on chemistry reagent to activate active materials like slag, volume of system inevitably change in the process of polymerization reaction.
Drying shrinkage make against concrete structure, are prone to crack, affect the bearing capacity of concrete structure, debase the anti-penetrability, imperil the durability and safety of concrete structure enormously, so academe and engineers have beening attach importance to it.
Hydration products of ASC are mostly C-S-H(I) with low Ca/Si,alkaline aluminate-silicate, and zeolite mineral, it dosen′t have Ca(OH)2 and transition strip, compact degree and uniformity of structure are better, therefore, ASC has excellent strength performance[7,12].
Prediction of Creep, Shrinkage and Temperature Effects on Concrete Structure.
AAC rely on chemistry reagent to activate active materials like slag, volume of system inevitably change in the process of polymerization reaction.
Drying shrinkage make against concrete structure, are prone to crack, affect the bearing capacity of concrete structure, debase the anti-penetrability, imperil the durability and safety of concrete structure enormously, so academe and engineers have beening attach importance to it.
Hydration products of ASC are mostly C-S-H(I) with low Ca/Si,alkaline aluminate-silicate, and zeolite mineral, it dosen′t have Ca(OH)2 and transition strip, compact degree and uniformity of structure are better, therefore, ASC has excellent strength performance[7,12].
Prediction of Creep, Shrinkage and Temperature Effects on Concrete Structure.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Hasan Sulaiman, Mohd Hilmi Othman, Md. Saidin bin Wahab
A range of nanocomposites with structures from intercalated to exfoliate can be obtained, depending on the degree of penetration of the polymer chains into the silicate galleries.
Reference [5] has discovered the structure-property relationship in impact modified nanoclay-reinforced polypropylene.
The role of clay in the nanocomposite structure may be the main reason for the difference in TGA results of these systems compared to the previously reported systems.
The effect of clay chemistries and sources on the processing and properties of the nanocomposites has been studied in [8].
Misra, Structure-property relationship in impact modified nanoclay-reinforced polypropylene, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 528 / 3, (2011) 1857-1863
Reference [5] has discovered the structure-property relationship in impact modified nanoclay-reinforced polypropylene.
The role of clay in the nanocomposite structure may be the main reason for the difference in TGA results of these systems compared to the previously reported systems.
The effect of clay chemistries and sources on the processing and properties of the nanocomposites has been studied in [8].
Misra, Structure-property relationship in impact modified nanoclay-reinforced polypropylene, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 528 / 3, (2011) 1857-1863
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Kalevi Kokko, Matti Ropo, Sasuma Granroth, M.H. Heinonen, R.E. Perälä, Edwin Kukk, E. Nurmi, Antti Kuronen, Levente Vitos, T. Kilpi, Marko Punkkinen
Thus bulk sensitive investigations of atomic concentrations and chemical state are possible without altering the original sample structure or chemistry by sputtering.
A hybrid Monte Carlo (MC) – molecular dynamics (MD) method was used to study the concentration profile of an FeCr layer structure.
This indicates the proper double layer structure of the sample, pure Fe layer on top of a Cr layer.
To restore the original crystal structure samples were then heated to 700 oC for 5 min.
According to the electronic structure calculations Cr boosts Al segregation to the surface [15].
A hybrid Monte Carlo (MC) – molecular dynamics (MD) method was used to study the concentration profile of an FeCr layer structure.
This indicates the proper double layer structure of the sample, pure Fe layer on top of a Cr layer.
To restore the original crystal structure samples were then heated to 700 oC for 5 min.
According to the electronic structure calculations Cr boosts Al segregation to the surface [15].
Online since: April 2021
Authors: Hoc Thang Nguyen, Thi Thu Ha Pham, Van Khoi Nguyen, Thi Luong Nguyen, Thanh Tung Nguyen, Pham Khanh Van Nguyen
G and PG possess short chain in the structure which could create gaskets to disrupt the interaction among polymer chains in the film matrix.
On the other hand, even though the Mw value of PG is smaller than Glycerol, the less number of hydroxyl (OH) group in its structure explain the less effective plasticize ability compared to Glycerol.
The HPMC/BW films without plasticizer had the lowest OP because of the stable chemical structure of films [5].
Oxygen permeability (OP) of HPMC/BW films incorporated with platicizers All of three kinds of plasticizers are polyols which possess straight structure, different components, and sizes.
In the structure of PEG 400, two carbon atoms replaced the oxygen atoms along the molecule backbone.
On the other hand, even though the Mw value of PG is smaller than Glycerol, the less number of hydroxyl (OH) group in its structure explain the less effective plasticize ability compared to Glycerol.
The HPMC/BW films without plasticizer had the lowest OP because of the stable chemical structure of films [5].
Oxygen permeability (OP) of HPMC/BW films incorporated with platicizers All of three kinds of plasticizers are polyols which possess straight structure, different components, and sizes.
In the structure of PEG 400, two carbon atoms replaced the oxygen atoms along the molecule backbone.
Online since: April 2005
Authors: Mykola Pasichnyy, A.S. Shirinyan
In this case the concentration (and
the number N) of component B coincides with the concentration (and the number N) of structure
units AB building the new stoichometric phase.
Gibbs free energy ∆G dependence on the number of structure units N in the nucleus for different temperatures provided other parameters are fixed.
In two-phase state (case (b) in Fig. 1) the every particle of the nanopowder has the own concentration Cp≡Cp(N) in the parent phase: 1 0 00 CNN NNC Cp − − = , (2) where N0 is the numbers of atoms in the single particle, N is the number of structure units in new phase nucleus.
Cp C0 In the following we shall calculate the size distribution function f(N,t) - the number of droplets of the new phase consisting of N structure units AB at moment t.
Rusanov: Phase equilibriums and surface phenomena (Chemistry, Leningrad 1967)
Gibbs free energy ∆G dependence on the number of structure units N in the nucleus for different temperatures provided other parameters are fixed.
In two-phase state (case (b) in Fig. 1) the every particle of the nanopowder has the own concentration Cp≡Cp(N) in the parent phase: 1 0 00 CNN NNC Cp − − = , (2) where N0 is the numbers of atoms in the single particle, N is the number of structure units in new phase nucleus.
Cp C0 In the following we shall calculate the size distribution function f(N,t) - the number of droplets of the new phase consisting of N structure units AB at moment t.
Rusanov: Phase equilibriums and surface phenomena (Chemistry, Leningrad 1967)