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Thus bulk sensitive investigations of atomic concentrations and chemical state are possible without altering the original sample structure or chemistry by sputtering.
A hybrid Monte Carlo (MC) – molecular dynamics (MD) method was used to study the concentration profile of an FeCr layer structure.
This indicates the proper double layer structure of the sample, pure Fe layer on top of a Cr layer.
To restore the original crystal structure samples were then heated to 700 oC for 5 min.
According to the electronic structure calculations Cr boosts Al segregation to the surface [15].

G and PG possess short chain in the structure which could create gaskets to disrupt the interaction among polymer chains in the film matrix.
On the other hand, even though the Mw value of PG is smaller than Glycerol, the less number of hydroxyl (OH) group in its structure explain the less effective plasticize ability compared to Glycerol.
The HPMC/BW films without plasticizer had the lowest OP because of the stable chemical structure of films [5].
Oxygen permeability (OP) of HPMC/BW films incorporated with platicizers All of three kinds of plasticizers are polyols which possess straight structure, different components, and sizes.
In the structure of PEG 400, two carbon atoms replaced the oxygen atoms along the molecule backbone.

In this case the concentration (and the number N) of component B coincides with the concentration (and the number N) of structure units AB building the new stoichometric phase.
Gibbs free energy ∆G dependence on the number of structure units N in the nucleus for different temperatures provided other parameters are fixed.
In two-phase state (case (b) in Fig. 1) the every particle of the nanopowder has the own concentration Cp≡Cp(N) in the parent phase: 1 0 00 CNN NNC Cp − − = , (2) where N0 is the numbers of atoms in the single particle, N is the number of structure units in new phase nucleus.
Cp C0 In the following we shall calculate the size distribution function f(N,t) - the number of droplets of the new phase consisting of N structure units AB at moment t.
Rusanov: Phase equilibriums and surface phenomena (Chemistry, Leningrad 1967)

Synthesis and Dyeing Performance of N,N-bis(2-cyanoethyl)- m-methylaniline Disperse Dyes Wei Liu1, Ying Zhao2 *, Zehua Yu3, Xiaoqiao Wan4 and Wenlan Li5 The Institute of Applied Chemistry, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha, 410004, China P.R.China 1a987235@126.com, 2zhaoying42@sohu.com, 3yuzehua1988@sina.com,4894552574@qq.com, 5liwenlan1987@126.com, *Corresponding authors: Ying Zhao Keywords: N,N-bis(2-cyanoethyl)-m-methylaniline, disperse dyes, dyeing, acetylated wood Abstract: Four di-cyanoethyl azo disperse dyes based on N,N-bis(2-cyanoethyl)-m-methylaniline were synthesized using four different heterocyclic aromatic amines as the diazo components.
The structures of the synthesized dyes (a~d) were shown in the Table 1.
Table 1 The Chemical Structures of the dyes a~d Dyes Chemical Structure Dyes Chemical Structure a c b d Dyeing process.
Compared with microscope images between unmodified fir powder and acetylated fir powder, it clearly reveals that unmodified fir powder has no obvious network structure, this may be dueing to the colloids in the unmodified fir powder, which could influence the transmission of light.
After acetylation, the network structure is obvious and dyeing has no damage to wood microstructure, so the disperse dyes could be penetrated into the microporous of acetylated fir powder, which lead to the color shade of dyed acetylated fir is close to the dyed polyester fiber.

This integration facilitates a streamlined workflow from chemical structure drawing to dynamic simulation.
Structure and Properties of Liquid Crystals; 2011; [9] Uchida, J.; Soberats, B.; Gupta, M.; Kato, T.
Molecular Simulations of Entangled Defect Structures around Nanoparticles in Nematic Liquid Crystals.
Nanoconfinement-Induced Structures in Chiral Liquid Crystals.
Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 2014, 52

In order to interpret the formation of ideally hexagonal structure in the PAA films, Masuda et al. proposed the concept of the self-ordering (or self-organizing) [9].
This irregularity of the porous structure causes distortion of the cross section of the pores and broadening of the pore diameter distribution [9].
As indicated above, the densely packed hexagonal pore structure in PAA has received much attention.
The approximately hexagonal, close packed cell structure can be formed because the diameters of the pores are nearly equal to each other.
This irregularity of the porous structure results from the uneven oxygen-evolution at the initial stages of pore formation.

Therefore, there is much ettringite and the structure of cementitious materials is strengthened.
And needle crystals crossed each other forming a frame structure.
Therefore, there is much ettringite and the structure of cementitious materials is strengthened.
Research on structure and collapsible characteristics of loess in shandong.
Journal of Solid State Chemistry 177 (2004):1944-1951

When graphene content is 0.01wt%, the antifriction performance of graphene aqueous was optimum and its wear mechanism was abrasive wear. 1 Introduction Graphene, a two-dimensional crystal with a one-atom-thick planar sheet of sp2 bonded carbon atoms that have a hexagonal lattice structure, has the highest strength and hardness crystal structure in universe.
Versatile reciprocating friction and wear tester MFT-R4000 was purchased from Lanzhou Institute of Physical Chemistry (Lanzhou , China).
As is showed in Fig. 2 a, b, the expanded graphite was composed of particles of different sizes, with a typical layered structure [8].
Graphene sheet has mesh-like structure of translucency, wrinkles, tend to regular [11], and irregular edges morphology due to ultrasonic.
[3] Nair R, Blake P, GRIGORENKO A, et al, Fine structure constant defines visual trans parency of graphene, J.

Chen[11], the molecular structure of a compound was considered as a collection of two types of groups.
On the other hand, the evolved gases are primarily determined by the structure and component of the pitch.
And further study should be done about the influence of the structure factor of the materials on the needle coke formation.
Oyama: Chemistry and Physics of Carbon (Thrower PA, New York 1994) [2] F.
Xie: The Structure and Reactivity of Coal (Science Press, Beijing 1996) (In Chinese).

After 240h cyclic wet-dry immersion, the similar compositions and structures are observed, but the intensity of FeOOH and Fe3O4 in rust layer of both steels are all improved with the increasing of time.
The results of XRD combined with SEM indicates that the addition of RE can promote the formation of Fe3O4 and transformation from amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide into the more stable structure of α-FeOOH.
Therefore, it can be deduced that RE improves the structure of corrosion products and promotes the formation of compact rust layer.
The results of XRD combined with SEM indicated that the addition of RE promoted the formation of Fe3O4 and transformation from amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide into the more stable structure of α-FeOOH.
Vol. 37(1995), p.1751 [7] J.H.Wang, F.I.Wei and Y.S.Chang: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol. 47 (1997), p.1 [8] P.