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IP6 is contained in grains of wheat, rice, corn, and soybean [5] and has a strong chelating capability to Ca2+ ions, similar to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) [6].
Figures 3b-d and f-h show that the number of the HAp particle agglomerates decreased with an increase in the IP6 concentration; surface-modification of HAp with IP6 inhibits the agglomeration of HAp particles.

It includes a number of manufacturing operations, from surface preparation (degreasing, etching), through the activation by Pd particles and an application of chemical layers (electroless Ni as a mechanical bonding, immersion Cu) and many rinses to plating by several different galvanic layers - galvanic Cu (compensates surface irregularities, last corrosion barrier), semi-bright Ni (pure Ni - corrosion resistance), bright Ni (optical properties), micro-cracked/microporous Ni (cathodic protection) and final layer of Cr (optical properties, abrasion a corrosion resistance).
It is possible to observe frozen layers due to the laws of reflection and refraction theoretically only with semi-crystalline plastics, where the light is reflected by grain boundaries.

The reaction’s sequence (development) of system "alkali metal hydroxide – silicic acid (silicates)" is presented on the Fig. 1. and can be described by the following chemical reactions: Na2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 + 2H2O → CaSO4 ⋅ 2H2O + 2NaOH 2NaOH + SiO2 + nH2O → Na2SiO3 ⋅ nH2O ↓ metal silica gel and the reaction can subsequently continue as follows: Na2SiO3 ⋅ nH2O + Ca(OH)2 + nH2O → CaSiO3 ⋅ nH2O + 2NaOH Fig. 1 Representation of reaction "alkali metal hydroxide - silicic acid" It has been found [1], that the aggregate grain from 0.18 to 0.6 mm which contain reactive SiO2 has a maximum value of extension in alkali silica reaction of aggregate in the concrete.
Table 1 Results of the ultrasonic pulse measurements Measurement number Ultrasonic pulse velocity V [km/s] R25 KV25 R40 KV40 0 4.114 4.078 4.107 4.089 1 4.214 4.184 4.211 4.205 2 4.268 4.163 4.181 4.030 3 4.258 4.148 4.178 4.013 4 4.236 4.166 4.150 4.039 5 4.187 4.168 4.161 4.040 6 4.164 4.175 4.175 4.029 7 4.154 4.168 4.195 4.020 8 4.137 4.143 4.147 3.974 9 4.122 4.133 4.146 3.967 10 4.119 4.133 4.134 3.952 11 4.117 4.132 4.111 3.940 12 4.115 4.128 4.092 3.930 13 4.111 4.125 4.086 3.925 14 4.107 4.110 4.084 3.913 15 4.083 4.091 4.070 3.908 16 4.077 4.084 4.057 3.877 17 4.067 4.074 4.053 3.869 18 4.066 4.075 4.046 3.857 19 4.064 4.074 4.007 3.804 20 4.034 4.060 3.951 3.744 21 4.011 4.066 3.842 3.747 22 4.031 4.062 3.913 3.694 23 4.008 4.038 3.927 3.730 Fig. 2 Waveform of ultrasonic pulse propagation velocity Electron scanning microscopy.

Experimental Procedures Stoichiometric amount of Bi(NO3)3 and Fe(NO3)3 were dissolved in diluted HNO3 (2 M) to form an mixture aqueous solution, in which, Bi3+ and Fe3+ had the same mole number.
But we can also see that its visible light photocatalytic activity was not satisfied due to its grain defects.

The number of diffraction peaks, the peaks relative intensities and width vary slightly when Ti content is increased.
Two empirical equations are used to fit the resistivity data in the metallic region at lower temperature (T < Tp), to explain the nature of electronic transport, which are r(T) = r01 + r1T 2 (1) r(T) = r02 + r2T 2.5 (2) where r0 the is resistivity due to the domain, grain boundary and other temperature independent scattering mechanism. r1T2 is the electrical resistivity causes by the electron-electron scattering process and r2T2.5 arises due to the electron-magnon scattering process [8].

Number 20 engine oil was used as lubricant.
Although high sintering temperature and long sintering time can reduce pore concentration, they were not preferred not only because of the higher cost but also it may cause part deformation and grain coarsening.

This happens frequently, when the marker size is considerably larger than the oxide grains.
Because of the high atomic number, Ni shows up as white.

Simulation step number is taken as 1000, which is sufficient to simulate the stability of composite system [11].
On the issue of how to get good dispersity, uniform grain size of metal nanoparticles, the deep researches with specific theory and experimental methods are needed.

Introduction Recently, a number of phosphate based bioactive glass ceramics have been widely interested as bioimplants for different biomedical applications, particularly in the context of their chemical composition is closely similar to that of natural bone.
The finely grain powder sample (< 45 mm) of about 30 mg was placed in an alumina crucible and heated at a rate of 5 °C/min, 10 °C/min, 15 °C/min and 20 °C/min respectively from ambient temperature to 1000 °C to study the crystallization kinetics for all the glass samples.

Using TWBs a strong reduction of the number of the parts can be reached by an optimized distribution of the material’s mechanical characteristics in the final stamped part together with the desired weight distribution and thus a significant reduction of the components mass can be realized.
Heat mainly affects material flow, grain structure and therefore the tensile strength in the weld zone which leads to reduced components strength [3, 4].