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Dezanneau, Properties of Y-doped BaSnO3 proton conductors, Solid State Ionics 214 (2012) 45-55. ].
Kageyama, Transport properties of Ba(Zr0.8Y0.2)O3 − δ perovskite, Solid State Ionics 178 (2007) 661-665. ].
Consequently, these materials are ideal for studies on how minor changes in the structure and/or the properties of the cations affect proton dissolution and transport.
Part II: Sintering properties and solubility of alkaline earth oxides, J.
Comparing the different properties of these two proton conductors is, accordingly, instructive.

The reaction time is another important parameter affecting the size of the produced Ag-NPs and considered in this investigation in presence of optimal concentrations of O-CMCs and AgNO3; these are 4% and 0.5 % (w/v), respectively.
Hamedi, S.A.Shojaosadati, Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by a novel method: Comparative study of their properties, Carbohydr.
Park, Antimicrobial properties of chitosan and mode of action: a state of the art review, Int.
Mirzadeh, Electospiining, mechanical properties, and cell behavior study of chitosan/PVA nanofibers, Biomed.
Roy, Preparation of Chitosan from Shrimp Shell and Investigation of Its Properties, int.

Lattice Boltzmann Solution of Transient Heat Conduction Problem in an Infinite Slab Coupled with Non-Linear Heat Generation Abhishek Sahu1,a*, Shubhankar Bhowmick2,b 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur-492101, India 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur-492010, India aabhishek.sahu@kalingauniversity.ac.in, bsbhowmick.mech@nitrr.ac.in Keywords: Lattice Boltzmann method, Transient heat conduction, Heat generations slab, Temperature-dependent heat generation, Convective end slab.
The slab is assumed to be made of a homogeneous material with constant thermal properties.
In these applications, the occurrence of energy absorption phenomenon, current carrying medium, and exothermic reaction within a material is the vital factor that contributes to the volumetric heat generation inside the materials.
The relevant properties of a material, namely density (ρ), thermal conductivity (k), and heat capacity (C) are assumed to be constant.
Further, γ is a non-linear heat generation contributing factor, and it is based on the type of application [15].

There is no consensus regarding the etiology of hallux valgus, and the effect of different factors: extrinsic factors like footwear, and intrinsic factors like gender, heredity, hindfoot pronation, pes planus, ligamentous laxity, first ray hypermobility, neurological disease and rheumatoid arthritis.
There is no consensus regarding the etiology of hallux valgus, extrinsic factors like footwear (high-heeled shoes) and intrinsic factors (gender, heredity, hindfoot pronation, pes planus, ligamentous laxity, first ray hypermobility, neurological disease and rheumatoid arthritis) being implied [2-5].
An important issue are the design of the orthopedic implants because are used different processing techniques of the metallic biomaterials in order to obtain various types of orthopedic implants like screws, plates, wires, pins, that could affect the metallic materials microstructure, mechanical properties and implant surface [16, 18, 19].
One of the factors which can be linked to the osteolysis is corrosion of the metal.
[2] Inman V.T., Hallux valgus: a review of etiologic factors, The Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 5 (1974), 59-66

Friction Stir Processing (FSP) has potential for locally enhancing the properties of Al-Si alloy castings, for demanding applications within the automotive industry, by greatly refining the second phase particle size.
By refining the microstructure of cast Al-Si alloys, the high temperature mechanical performance and, in particular, fatigue properties should be improved [1,4,5].
By subjecting Al-Si alloys to FSP, the tensile and fatigue properties have also been found to improve [6-9].
At high speeds the shoulder affects the material to a much shallower depth and the PZ profile on the retreating side becomes much closer to the tool.
Providing a sufficient strain is reached, the dominating factor controlling the particle size appears to be the temperature and corresponding matrix flow stress within the shear layer at the tool surface.

Additive manufacturing (AM) has experimented a huge development in recent years, improving the physical properties of parts produced by these technologies to the level of being capable of fabricating end-use functional products.
High performance metals are widely used and studied; however, the reduction in material costs of polymers and their acceptable properties makes them suitable for common AM purposes.
However, as a consequence of the potential of AM technologies, they have been developed to the point of being now able to produce final and functional products with good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties.
On the other hand, AM process is a factor that influences the topography of the surface, even for AM parts made by the same material.
The main reason is that no post processing was needed for FDM parts; Polyjet parts were affected by remaining resin trapped between stairs, same effect happens in SLS with unfused powder.

Due to the knitted fabric mechanical hysteresis and the irregular sliding of fibers or yarns between the structure, both the accuracy and repeatability of knitting fabric sensors are relatively poor. despite woven fabric sensors are relatively few at present, they have a simpler structure than kintted fabrics (and thus worh studying.
Therefore, on the basis of coating carbon fiber silk sensing properties[3], this paper we embeded Coating Carbon Blending Filaments into fabrics to analyse the effect of different embedding ways and different quantity of compound yarns on linearity, sensitivity and repeatability to provide basis for embedded woven fabric sensor production.
The sensitivity (GF Gauge Factor)could be characterized by the ratio between rate of resistance change (DR/R) and strain e (DL/L)[7].
Therefore, conducting compound yarns is embedded at the edge of fabric stands larger friction than the one embedded near center, and its resistance changes also bigger relatively, which affect the conductivity of the whole fabric.
[2] Hui Zhang, Xiaoming Tao, Shanyuan Wang and Tongxi Yu, 2005: Electro-Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabric Made From Conductive Multi-Filament Yarn, Textile Research Journal, 598

In [21] the potential field properties are modified to solve the local minimal problem.
Our proposed method changes the potential field properties of the position of the local minimum such that the robot gets repelled gradually.
- Develop a potential field method that can be used in unknown environments independent of mapping method - Mapping method is done using inverse perspective transformation with an error small enough to not affect the robot navigation.
(1) where R is the rotation matrix, T is the translation matrix, and K is the camera parameter matrix defined as: K=fsu00fv0001, (2) where f is the camera focal length, s is the skew factor, and (u0,v0) is the center pixel coordinates.
[19] Jian Yang, Jingrong Yu, Mi Dong, JiangminChunyu, A Strategy to Solve the Local Minima Problem for Autonomous Mechanical Vehicles, Advances in Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, LNEE 176, pp. 605-610, Springer, 2012

Metal Injection Molding Using Gas-Assisted Technology for Optimizing Density Uniformity and Part Weight Reduction Shia-Chung Chen1,2,a*, Ming-Hsien Ou Yang1,b, Ching-Te Feng1,c, Tzu-Jeng Hsu1,d, Yu-Hung Ting1,2,e, Che-Wei Chang1,2,f 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli, Taiwan 2R&D Center for Smart Manufacturing, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli, Taiwan ashiachun@cycu.edu.tw, balex0934475061@gmail.com, ceric.apple101@gmail.com, dtjhsu10@gmail.com, eaugust@cycu.edu.tw, flandrick0130@gmail.com Keywords: Metal injection molding, Gas-assisted technology, Weight reduction, Density uniformity Abstract.
The design of the binder is a key factor in creating an acceptable MIM process because it directly influences the final dimensional stability of the product.
Hausnerova’s study showed that the composition of binders could affect rheological performance and effectiveness of debinding in powder injection molding [2].
This method can significantly enhance the density uniformity of a product after sintering and allow it to obtain density and mechanical properties that are close to the raw material.
[5] Omar MA, Davies HA, Messer PF, and Ellis B (2001) The influence of PMMA content on properties of 316L stainless steel MIM compact.

On Constitutive Models for Ratcheting of a High Strength Rail Steel Chung Lun Pun1, a*, Qianhua Kan2, b, Peter Mutton3,c, Guozheng Kang2,d and Wenyi Yan1,e 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia 2Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, People’s Republic of China 3Institute of Railway Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia *ajerome.pun@monash.edu, bqianhuakan@home.swjtu.edu.cn, cpeter.mutton@monash.edu, dguozhengkang@home.swjtu.edu.cn, ewenyi.yan@monash.edu Keywords: High strength rail steel; Ratcheting; Multiaxial Cyclic Loading; Finite element modelling Abstract.
The application of these cyclic plasticity models requires calibration of some material properties, including basic mechanical parameters and nonlinear coefficients for nonlinear isotropic and kinematic hardening rules, using data obtained from monotonic and cyclic loading tests.
In order to consider the effects of loading history and non-proportional loading path, the following evolution equations for the isotropic deformation resistance Q are adopted in the constitutive model, (5a) (5b) where Qsa(Φ) is saturated isotropic deformation resistance relating to non-proportional factor Φ, and γ is a material parameter to control the evolution rate of Qsa.
The parameter b represents the rate of dislocation evolution, which affects the first few cycles and reaches rapidly a stable value at a certain non-proportional loading path.
Bower, Cyclic hardening properties of hard-drawn copper and rail steel.