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The XRD results showed a highly amorphous structure in obtained metakaolin geopolymer.
Heavy metal has inorganic structure and does not decompose in nature.
This material has semi-crystalline alumino-silicate structure and form to 3D network of alumina and silica [10].
The crystalline peaks intensities decreased after geopolymerization process in geopolymer phases as metakaolin was dissolved by alkali solution and transformed to an amorphous structure.
Davidovits, GEOPOLYMER Chemistry&Applications, Institut Géopolymère 16 rue Galilée F-02100 Saint-Quentin France, France, 2008

The surface morphology was evaluated by SEM/EDS, the crystal structure by XRD, and the mechanical properties and scratch resistance by instrumented indentation.
The new produced surfaces were evaluated concerning morphology, crystal structure and mechanical properties.
A structure with interconnected pores can facilitate the growth of cells in the bone tissue between the surface elements [13].
The morphology and crystal structure of both methods are favorable parameters for the implant osseointegration.
Soares, Materials Chemistry and Physics. 102 (2007) 92-97.

Introduction Tissue engineering has focused on the development of three-dimensional structures that emulate the microarchitecture of the native extracellular matrix, through a variety of micro and nanoscale manufacturing techniques.
The formation of these nanostructures is attributed to the presence of tyrosine residuals present in the structure of silk fibroin [5].
Likewise, photocrosslinking processes were used to favor the union of bio-ionic liquids to the structure of the membranes.
These behaviors are associated with the transition from structures corresponding to random coils to secondary structures in the form of β-sheets and β-turns due to the rearrangement induced by methanol to the SFW chains [11].
Gumbart, Redox-Driven Conformational Dynamics in a Photosystem-II-Inspired b-Hairpin Maquette Determined through Spectroscopy and Simulation, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 121, p. 3536–3545, February 2017

The chemical structure was analyzed by a Nexus 670 fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
To give a deeper insight of the change in the chemical structure upon FYGG doping, we performed FTIR measurements on FYGG, PEDOT/PSS and PEDOT/PSS-FYGG in Fig.2(a-c) respectively.
The small red or blue shifts illustrate that the doping of FYGG has little effect on the main chain structure of PEDOT/PSS.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 110(2006) 14623-14626
Wei, Core-shell Structured and Electro-magnetic Functionalized Polyaniline, Synthetic Metals. 157(2007) 575-579

For achieving a dense structure, the high sintering temperature and long sintering time were used.
Powder No. n(BaCO3)% n(ZrO2)% n(Y2O3)% w(TiO2)% N1 0.5 0.5 / / N2 0.5 0.485 0.015 / N3 0.5 0.485 0.015 2 Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental structure.
The structure of BZ ceramic was dense, the grain size was between 3µm and 24µm, and the big and small size of grains were uniformly distributed, as shown in Fig.4(a).
(2) After melting Ti2Ni alloy in the BZ crucible, and the erosion layer is about 50μm thickness, where exists a loose structure and large amount of naked grains.
McMaster, Thermo Chemistry of the Rare Earths, Rare Earth Information Center, Ames, IA, 1973

Based on the definition of The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), Life Cycle Assessment is a tool to evaluate the environment load from products manufacturing and human living.
According to the structure of the strategic decision question system, the question structure is divided into two aspects: I. packaging development process, II.
Packaging structure design must be enhanced to protect products.
Transportation safety is enhanced by reinforce packaging structure by development techniques. 3.
Transportation safety is enhanced by reinforce packaging structure by design. 5.

CTAB was used as the structure directing template.
The phase structure, crystallite size and crystalline of TiO2 plays an important role in improving the photocatalytic activity.
This may be in connection with its phase structure, crystallite size, specific surface area and pore phase.
It is seen from XRD spectra that the TiO2 phase structure does not change before and after Nd3+-CTAB co-doped TiO2, and retains the good anatase crystallization.
Visible Light Photocatalytic Performance of Bi2O3/TiO2 Nano- composite    Particles, J.Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 27 (2011). 547-555 [5] Shuji Matsuo, Nahomi Sakaguchi, Keiji Yamada, Taku Matsuo, Hisanobu Wakita, Role in photocatalysis and coordination structure of metal ions adsorbed on titanium dioxide particles: a comparison between lanthanide and iron ions, J.Applied Surface Science. 228 (2004) 233–244

Super cell consisting of 3×3×3 arrangement of Ag crystal (fcc structure) and having 108 atoms is used for the current calculations.
Results and Discussion Structure optimization.
However, Ag107Y alloy doesn’t satisfy the above rule possible caused by the difference of the crystal structure between Y (hexagonal) and Ag (fcc structure).
Pearson, Chapter XI- An alphabetical index of work on metals and alloys, A Handbook of Lattice Spacings and Structures of Metals and Alloys, Elsevier Ltd, 1958
Lange's handbook of chemistry /-12th ed.

The CaP coatings without boehmite nanoparticles have porous structure and the main components of structure are “spheres” which have pores (Fig.2a).
Perhaps it connected with low content of boehmite particles in CaP coating and it amorphous structure.
As seen in Fig. 4a, the coating samples obtained by method 1 has amorphous structure.
After fivefold boehmite nanoparticles deposition the fragments with crystalline structure were found in the coating (see Fig. 4.b).
The CaP coating structure of samples after and before deposition of boehmite nanoparticles is in the X-ray amorphous state.

This paper presents the design, synthesis and characterization of nano-structured Ruthenium oxide and their composites as electrode materials for micro supercapacitors.
The preparation of the 3-D microelectrode arrays structure The overall structure of an active micro-supercapacitor is shown in Fig.1 .Fig.1 is the pictures of Scanning White Light Interferometry Method.
Fig.2 showed the structure of the micro-supercapacitor.
The real structure of micro-supercapacitor B.
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry., 540 (2003), p. 119