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The large interlayer spacing leads to interesting intercalation chemistry [3, 4] and electrochemical properties [5, 6].
Then appropriate amount of water (0-50ml) was added to the solution to make the total volume reach 50 ml with mechanical stirring.
Therefore, one can conclude that the phase structure is hardly affected by the pH value during reaction.
And the temperature is a key factor to the formation of different phases.

Manual addition of salts (on metal surface) combined with mechanical stirring or stirring by porous plugs in the bottom of the furnace has also been a method for alkaline removal.
It also will affect the material properties negatively.
Effect on casthouse cost Reduction of dross generation and metal loss has always been a cost factor in the cast houses.

Paiva2,b 1,2 Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering – DMM – IFMA – Brazil aedson.jansen@ifma.edu.br, bernandes@ifma.edu.br Keywords: Portland cement concrete, waste glass, flat glass powder, fine aggregates, slump test, microstructure.
This article complements other studies carried out by the authors [5, 6], underpinning the results of the physicomechanical properties of Portland cement concrete containing flat glass powder as fine aggregate.
As can be seen in this figure, the aforementioned variables affected the slump of the concrete, although the variable w/c ratio exerted the greater influence.
(c) 0% of glass, w/c=0.50 Another factor that directly influenced the slump loss in fresh concrete was the angular and lamellar geometry of the glass particles, which also decreased the fluidity.

A summary of the mechanical properties of the material in the pa and the oa condition is given in Table 1.
Table 1: Mechanical properties of the alloys tested.
However, latest investigations on the importance of grain morphology on VHCF behavior of Nimonic 80A proved that the aforementioned mechanisms are affected by the misorientation between neighboring grains.
It is assumed that only in grains with highest misorientation factor (not presented here due to limited manuscript size) the local stress peaks caused by dislocation pile-ups will result in failure-relevant crack formation. 20 µm While damage formation during fatigue loading in the LCF and to a certain degree in the HCF regime for the group of precipitation hardening alloys seems to follow similar mechanisms, this cannot be confirmed for the VHCF regime as the results for the aluminium alloy EN AW-6082 will show.

Introduction The use of the methodology of multiple-factor experiment to estimate the joint effect of factors determining the tool life after laser hardening allowed to establish a complex and interdependent nature of the influence of cutting modes and of irradiation on the durability of the hardened tool [1].
While for non-irradiated cutter of the material alignment properties is virtually absent (Fig. 5 b).
When the measurements of microhardness at a depth of ~ 50 µm in the directions 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) was established that temper effects has affected the material of non-irradiated of the tool, in much bigger degree as already noted.
Poletika, Contact loads on cutting surfaces of the tool, Mechanical engineering, Moscow, 1969

The manufacturing technology of cable aluminum sheath is one of the key factors to ensure the cable service life.
To be close to the actual operating condition of aluminium continuous extrusion, friction factor of 0.95 is chosen at the extrusion wheel-billet to represent a nearly sticking condition, and 0.4 at the tooling-billet interface.
The characteristics of metal flow has a great effect on mechanical properties and the quality of products[9].
The uniformity of metal flow velocity directly affect the quality of the cladding process.

Introduction Iron and aluminium as well as iron-aluminium alloys are very important metallic materials because of their outstanding physical, chemical and mechanical properties and their relatively low costs.
Procedure for studies of thermal vacancy properties, tracer diffusion and interdiffusion – a reminder The basic point defects in solids are vacancies and self-interstitials.
In addition, they have high activation enthalpies and they also have high pre-exponential factors.
In order to apply Eq. 23 the thermodynamic factors is needed as well.
Values of the thermodynamic factors are available from semi-empirical calculations by Liubich et al. [43, 44].

However site investigation is difficult and time consuming, while numerical methods requires lot of parameters related to properties of soil.
However the factors that control the initiation of flowslide is lacking.
Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying and assessing the contribution of various factors which causes the occurrence of flowslide or large slope failures.
Results and Discussion Experiments conducted under different rainfall intensities, soil density, depth of soil slope and initial moisture conditions to determine the factors that controls the initiation of flowslide.
Sahin, "Laboratory tests to study stability mechanism of rainfall infiltrated unsaturated fine-grained soil slopes developing into shallow landslides and their hydraulic properties," Civil Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, 2013

However, such steel with good enough mechanical stability had not been realised until H.
The classification of stainless steels is normally based on its structure which closely relates to the steel mechanical properties e.g. ferritic, austenitic, martensitic, austeno-ferritic (duplex) or precipitation-hardened stainless steels.
The maximum service temperature of the steel depends on many factors especially the composition of the hot gas and the loading condition at high temperatures.
(1.40) Electrical mobility of the charged species contributes to many properties of materials, including the electrical conductivity () of material.
In such case Eq. 1.58 can be reduced to be (1.60) From Eqs. 1.59 and 1.60, we can obtain that (1.61) Eqs. 1.60 and 1.61 express that the parabolic rate constant depends on many factors particularly the oxygen partial pressure at the external interface which prescribes the metal vacancy concentration there.

Since this period, the superplastic properties of titanium, aluminium and magnesium alloys have been widely investigated.
In the case of titanium alloys, superplastic properties of alloys elaborated by powder metallurgy have been also recently reported [6,7].
Studies showed also that the cavity growth rate is influenced by many factors, like grain size, temperature, strain rate or strain [53,54].
Pearson, The viscous properties of extruded eutectic alloys of lead-tin and bismuth tin, J.
Benson, Mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials, Progress in Materials Science 51 (2006) 427-556