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The main preparation methods are electromagnetic stirring, mechanical stirring, strain-induced melt activation and semi-solid isothermal heat treatment method (SSIT for short) etc [3].
Compared with other methods, semi-solid isothermal heat-treatment which is promising enjoys a simple preparation process and lower-cost property, and a two-step thixotropic process instead the traditional three-step thixotropic process.
It is well known that the size of initial grains was one of the important factors in deterring the size of spherical grains although the size of spherical grains obtained were not determined only by it while the alloy was heated for sufficient time during semi-solid temperature zone.In terms of Fig.1, SiC particle has an obvious refining effect, As the volume fraction of SiC particles increased, the finer the initial grains of SiCP/AZ61 composites became.
In a word, for the particle-reinforced composite materials, the size of structures during isothermal heat treatment is mainly affected by refining and hindering of SiC particles.

These parameters affect the product quality and the die life significantly.
The wires are made of two kinds of aluminium alloy whose mechanical properties are almost the same while show different color after etching.
Ni [19]built 2D thermo-mechanical Coupling equation, used ANSYS to calculate the temperature field of the die.
He concluded that the stress concentration is the most important factor for die crack.
Vol.57(2008): p 183-186 [44] Hao Chen, Guoqun Zhao, Cunsheng Zhang and Yanjin Guan: Journal of Mechanical Engineering.

Good permeability, reliable physical and mechanical performances are requirements of overall performance of permeable concrete which need to be improved in the aspect of aggregate structure.
Therefore, by adjusting the size and content of semi-large particles can change packing structure, thus affects pore size.
For octahedron packing structure made of particles with single pore size, the most probable void size is about 0.4 d and the ratio between particles with the size of 0.4 d and general voidage is the key factor that determines the strength and permeability of packing structure.
Jiang, Experimental study on properties of pervious concrete pavement materials, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 33,(3), pp. 381-386, 2003
Okamoto, et al., “Properties of high-strength porous concrete”, Recent Advances in Concrete Technology, Fifth CANMET/ACI International Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology, Singapore, pp.173-187, July-August 2001

The drilling process itself always generates unwanted residual stresses due to thermo-mechanical effects of the cutting process [3, 4].
Materials and procedures Two aluminium alloys presenting different mechanical properties were selected for this study: a 5083 aluminium alloy, having magnesium as main alloy element and a 7022 aluminium alloy, having zinc as main alloy element.
Table 1 shows the main mechanical properties of both alloys.
Mechanical properties of the aluminium alloys Fig. 2 Specimens’ geometry (left) and strain measurement directions using an ASTM A rosette (right) For the tensile calibration tests, during the experimental phase, a Monsanto tensometer was redesigned and adapted to perform the tensile tests horizontally, providing enough space for specimen assembly and drilling.
However, a scale factor should be taken into account, since in this case the strain relaxation due to hole-drilling is related to a greater calibration stress.

Thus, it does not only depend on the properties of the metallic materials but also on all other factors influencing convection within the melt pool (such as temperature distribution, melt pool geometry and shielding gas composition).
In fact, such questions as potential effects on weld microstructure, homogenization and weld dilution (especially in case of filler wire application) as well as on mechanical properties of the welds have not been thoroughly addressed yet.
The experiments presented in the following were aimed at gaining first information on the influence of flux density and field frequency as well as on the influence of welding speed when keeping all other factors constant.
First, it has to be assessed whether or not etching and illumination are affecting the results for the relative dilution area.

Material parameters and process parameters In order to obtain parameters of mechanical properties of TC4 titanium alloy after solution and aging treatment, the uniaxial tensile test experiments of TC4 titanium alloy plate were carried out on the computer controlled electronic universal testing machine in mechanics laboratory.
Fig. 3 FE model Fig. 4(a) Part after adding addendum surface Fig. 4(b) Tool path Results and discussion Springback is the inevitable phenomenon in incremental forming process sheet metal, which directly affects the forming accuracy of the parts.
Springback in incremental forming process is a very complex issue, which contains many mutual coupling factors, showing a high degree of nonlinearity.
China Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 19(2008), pp.491-497, In Chinese

In order to achieve the required mechanical properties with desirable microstructure, the components always formed by hot deformation processes such as forging.
The hot deformation behavior is essential that establish the logical relation between these factors and mathematical response of hot deformed materials[4].
The tests were conducted out on a Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator at the temperatures varies from 1060 to 1160℃ with intervals of 20℃, and constant strain rates(0. 001, 0. 01, 0. 1, 1, 20s-1) which cover the conditions used for the forging of Udimet720Li disks.
Processing map of U720Li alloy at strain of (a) 0.1, (b) 0.3, (c) 0.5 and (d)0.7 It is seen from Fig.4 that the instability domains in processing maps vary with the increasing of strain, which indicates that the strain affects the processing map of U720Li alloy.

Additionally, many factors including film thickness, pore size, intermetallic particle-related discontinuities can affect the penetration of corrosive electrolyte to the alloy matrix beneath the anodic film, making the corrosion process of anodised aluminium alloys complicated and difficult to study.
Ma, Effect of thermo-mechanical treatment process on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2A97 Al-Li alloy, Trans.

Generally, for a design load the span and the thickness of the concrete are the crucial factors that need to be considered for the purpose of construction.
For cross section properties, [15] and [16] did investigation on different profiled steel decking that include trapezoidal profile and dovetailed profile.
Materials and Sample Preparation Properties of Profiled Steel Decking.
This deformation limit is include as one of the important conditions during the construction phase because if this limit exceeded it could affect the serviceability of the composite slabs system.
Concrete Properties and Pouring Procedure.

Study of the influence of the composition on the rheological properties of impregnating compositions.
Study of the influence of the content of orthophosphoric acid on changes in the fire-retardant properties of impregnated cotton fabric samples.
Investigation of the effect of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADHP) content on the fire-retardant properties of impregnated cotton fabric samples.
Emen, Formation of fire retardant properties in elastic silica coatings for textile materials, Materials Science Forum, 1006 (2020) 25–31
Shcherbak, Results of experimental research into correlations between hazardous factors of ignition of materials in premises, Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6(10) (2017) 50–56.