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Online since: June 2013
Authors: Yi Zhang, Geng Sheng Huang
Observation of statistical and historical data we can get the λ phase vehicle selection probabilities lane is
=× (3)
Signal cycle generally should not exceed 200s because cycle too long causing drivers impatient, running the red light or forced line.
the moment of the λ phase of green light to the end and the yellow light begins to flash, according to the strategy of ,to obtain the number of the λ +1 phase waiting vehicles and the number of the λ +2 phase waiting vehicles; (3) calculate the difference between the number of the λ+2 phase waiting vehicles and the number of the λ+1 phase waiting vehicles and credited as X, as well as the difference between the number of vehicles pull into the adjacent intersection and the number of vehicles put out of it and credited as Y=,get fuzzy control of the two inputs; (4) look-up the procedures to get the green light delay GE, resulting in the time of phase green light =+GE; (5) After the λ phase red light brightens, the λ +1 phase yellow light brightens and green light brightens 3s later, control the green time according to the Gtime got from the table in the last step; (6) When the time of the λ +1 phase green light ends and the yellow light brightens, begin to receiving the next phase data
Control experience-based summary 49 control rules are as follows Table 3: Table 3 Fuzzy control rules GE X Y NB NM NS ZO PS PM PB NB zero zero zero zero zero zero zero NM zero zero zero zero zero zero Very short NS zero zero zero zero zero Very short Short ZO zero zero zero zero Very short Short Medium PS zero zero zero Very short Short Medium Longer PM zero zero Very short Short Medium Longer Long PB zero Very short Short Medium Longer Long Long 2.4 Fuzzy inference algorithm defuzzification In general, the results obtained from the fuzzy rules are still fuzzy quantity, but also through fuzzy reasoning algorithm for accurate reduction amount in order to output.
Entry a lot of fuzzy Data, to train the neural network in order to achieve global optimization scheduling.
the moment of the λ phase of green light to the end and the yellow light begins to flash, according to the strategy of ,to obtain the number of the λ +1 phase waiting vehicles and the number of the λ +2 phase waiting vehicles; (3) calculate the difference between the number of the λ+2 phase waiting vehicles and the number of the λ+1 phase waiting vehicles and credited as X, as well as the difference between the number of vehicles pull into the adjacent intersection and the number of vehicles put out of it and credited as Y=,get fuzzy control of the two inputs; (4) look-up the procedures to get the green light delay GE, resulting in the time of phase green light =+GE; (5) After the λ phase red light brightens, the λ +1 phase yellow light brightens and green light brightens 3s later, control the green time according to the Gtime got from the table in the last step; (6) When the time of the λ +1 phase green light ends and the yellow light brightens, begin to receiving the next phase data
Control experience-based summary 49 control rules are as follows Table 3: Table 3 Fuzzy control rules GE X Y NB NM NS ZO PS PM PB NB zero zero zero zero zero zero zero NM zero zero zero zero zero zero Very short NS zero zero zero zero zero Very short Short ZO zero zero zero zero Very short Short Medium PS zero zero zero Very short Short Medium Longer PM zero zero Very short Short Medium Longer Long PB zero Very short Short Medium Longer Long Long 2.4 Fuzzy inference algorithm defuzzification In general, the results obtained from the fuzzy rules are still fuzzy quantity, but also through fuzzy reasoning algorithm for accurate reduction amount in order to output.
Entry a lot of fuzzy Data, to train the neural network in order to achieve global optimization scheduling.
Online since: April 2020
Authors: Suherman Suherman, Roto Roto, Eko Sri Kunarti, Aqidatul Izza
These data confirm the reported results available in the literature [3, 11].
EDX data of the produced magnetite Media Atomic Fe (%) Atomic O (%) Atomic Na (%) Atomic C (%) Water 30.65 69.35 ND ND Na-citrate 18.64 54.54 7.30 19.52 PEG 13.25 39.06 ND 47.69 a b c Figure 4.
EDX data of magnetite nanoparticles; (a) prepared in water, (b) prepared in sodium citrate, and (c) prepared in polyethylene glycol Summary Magnetite nanoparticles were prepared in three common and simple media that are water, sodium citrate, and polyethylene glycol (PEG).
De, A facile synthesis of PEG-coated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and their prevention of the reduction of cytochrome c, ACS Appl.
EDX data of the produced magnetite Media Atomic Fe (%) Atomic O (%) Atomic Na (%) Atomic C (%) Water 30.65 69.35 ND ND Na-citrate 18.64 54.54 7.30 19.52 PEG 13.25 39.06 ND 47.69 a b c Figure 4.
EDX data of magnetite nanoparticles; (a) prepared in water, (b) prepared in sodium citrate, and (c) prepared in polyethylene glycol Summary Magnetite nanoparticles were prepared in three common and simple media that are water, sodium citrate, and polyethylene glycol (PEG).
De, A facile synthesis of PEG-coated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and their prevention of the reduction of cytochrome c, ACS Appl.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: S. Klochkovskii, A. Smirnov, V. Kolokoltsev
It makes siderites from Bakalskoe deposits a promising raw material for production of high quality steel grades as well as for direct reduction processes.
According to the data stated in the Table, up to Table 2.
The ratio of magnesium oxide extraction from roasted and activated roasted siderite concentrate depending on the leaching time (solid – liquid ratio 1/15, temperature 22 0С, РСО2 = 1 atm., particle size 0,2 - 0 mm, iron ore composition- tabl.1, data for 2012).
According to the provided data it is obvious that the iron-magnesium ratio in the received product increased up to 9.87 as compared to 2.9 in the roasted siderite concentrate.
According to the data stated in the Table, up to Table 2.
The ratio of magnesium oxide extraction from roasted and activated roasted siderite concentrate depending on the leaching time (solid – liquid ratio 1/15, temperature 22 0С, РСО2 = 1 atm., particle size 0,2 - 0 mm, iron ore composition- tabl.1, data for 2012).
According to the provided data it is obvious that the iron-magnesium ratio in the received product increased up to 9.87 as compared to 2.9 in the roasted siderite concentrate.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Guang Yang, Jian Zhang, Xin Sheng Xue, Ying Xian Cui, Wen Sen Zhao
The experiments investigated the sealing ability of three kinds of gel system in sand pack model, The experimental data show that three kinds of polymer gel system plugging rates are higher than 90% And has a high residual resistance factor, Among them, the plugging rate of system 1 reach to 96.91%, and residual resistance factor is 32.37 (Table 1).
After injection 3pv water, plugging rate changed little, Ultimately, the plugging rate of two kinds of system is more than 90% (Figure 2), The above data shows: The developed gel system has good stability and resistance to erosion, and to meet the validity of the flooding control. 90 92 94 96 98 0 10 20 30 40 PV E (%) system1 system3 Figure 2 Plugging rate with injection water volume changes 2.2.4 Research water shutoff and oil displacement capacity of the polymer gel The experiment used low-intensity gel system3,research its water shutoff and oil displacement capacity in the 3-layer non-homogeneous core
Table2 Heterogeneous cores basic parameters table parameters data size,cm 4.5×4.5×30 permeability variation coefficient 0.72 permeability of high permeable interval,μm2 2.0 permeability of medium permeable interval,μm2 0.8 permeability of low permeable interval,μm2 0.3~0.4 pore volume, mL 128 oil saturation,% 70.31 (2)Analysis of experimental results Water flooding stage, the injection pressure is increased with the injected pv increase, when water breakthrough, the pressure is reduced, at the same time, the water cut rapid increase, when water cut reaches 90%, the water flooding recovery is 33.22%.
At the same time, the water cut is more significant reduction, when the water cut was 95%, the recovery increased to 56%.
After injection 3pv water, plugging rate changed little, Ultimately, the plugging rate of two kinds of system is more than 90% (Figure 2), The above data shows: The developed gel system has good stability and resistance to erosion, and to meet the validity of the flooding control. 90 92 94 96 98 0 10 20 30 40 PV E (%) system1 system3 Figure 2 Plugging rate with injection water volume changes 2.2.4 Research water shutoff and oil displacement capacity of the polymer gel The experiment used low-intensity gel system3,research its water shutoff and oil displacement capacity in the 3-layer non-homogeneous core
Table2 Heterogeneous cores basic parameters table parameters data size,cm 4.5×4.5×30 permeability variation coefficient 0.72 permeability of high permeable interval,μm2 2.0 permeability of medium permeable interval,μm2 0.8 permeability of low permeable interval,μm2 0.3~0.4 pore volume, mL 128 oil saturation,% 70.31 (2)Analysis of experimental results Water flooding stage, the injection pressure is increased with the injected pv increase, when water breakthrough, the pressure is reduced, at the same time, the water cut rapid increase, when water cut reaches 90%, the water flooding recovery is 33.22%.
At the same time, the water cut is more significant reduction, when the water cut was 95%, the recovery increased to 56%.
Online since: July 2019
Authors: Jan Džugan, Radek Procházka, Pavel Konopík, Martin Rund
Table 2 Results of micro-tensile tests and comparison with standard tensile tests
Specimen
E
YS
UTS
elong.
area reduction
[GPa]
[MPa]
[MPa]
[%]
[%]
Micro-tensile
215.8
1592.3
1650.6
10.9
63.2
Standard
212.8
1592.3
1648.3
11.9
61.7
Errors
1.4%
0%
0.1%
5.4%
2.4%
Subsequently, HCF tests on miniature specimens were conducted on the resonant fatigue testing machine Vibrophore Rumul using loads up to 20 kN in the tension-compression mode and on the servo-hydraulic testing machine MTS Bionix with a load capacity of 25 kN.
The results can also be used for subsequent experiments, where the change in material properties of a component can be monitored using non-invasive methods to provide data for lifetime assessment.
[9] De Finis, R., Palumbo, D., Ancona, F., Galietti, U., Fatigue limit evaluation of various martensitic stainless steels with new robust thermographic data analysis, Int J Fatigue 74, 2015, pp. 88-96
[10] Shiozawa, D., Inagawa, T., Washio, T., Sakagami, T., Fatigue limit estimation of stainless steels with new dissipated energy data analysis, Procedia Structural Integrity Vol 2, 2016, pp. 2091-2096
The results can also be used for subsequent experiments, where the change in material properties of a component can be monitored using non-invasive methods to provide data for lifetime assessment.
[9] De Finis, R., Palumbo, D., Ancona, F., Galietti, U., Fatigue limit evaluation of various martensitic stainless steels with new robust thermographic data analysis, Int J Fatigue 74, 2015, pp. 88-96
[10] Shiozawa, D., Inagawa, T., Washio, T., Sakagami, T., Fatigue limit estimation of stainless steels with new dissipated energy data analysis, Procedia Structural Integrity Vol 2, 2016, pp. 2091-2096
Online since: July 2021
Authors: Yelena Kolganova, Anna Azarova, Boris Soldatov, Nikolai Koval, Georgiy Sanamyan
The advantages are manifested due to a significant reduction in labor intensity and cost while processing a large number of parts.
To obtain reliable data, the experiment involved repeating each planned experiment five times.
The values of the coefficients bi AlMg4.5Mn CuZn38Pb1.5 bi bi b0 0,03159351 0,025324365 b1 0,010814815 0,01375447 b2 -0,029757344 -0,030648148 b3 0,00861552 0,001759259 b11 0,017592593 0,011965812 b22 -0,000574713 -0,00037414 b33 0 0 b12 0,000526511 0,000451632 b13 0 0 Verification of the obtained criteria of dependence on a given significance level a = 0.05 and the number of degrees of freedom f according to the standard confirms the hypothesis that the nature of the distribution of experimental data is close to the normal distribution law of independent random variables.
(7) since the obtained models were adequate to the experimental data, they can be used to predict the time of vibration treatment in combined working environments for any values of factors between the upper and lower levels.
To obtain reliable data, the experiment involved repeating each planned experiment five times.
The values of the coefficients bi AlMg4.5Mn CuZn38Pb1.5 bi bi b0 0,03159351 0,025324365 b1 0,010814815 0,01375447 b2 -0,029757344 -0,030648148 b3 0,00861552 0,001759259 b11 0,017592593 0,011965812 b22 -0,000574713 -0,00037414 b33 0 0 b12 0,000526511 0,000451632 b13 0 0 Verification of the obtained criteria of dependence on a given significance level a = 0.05 and the number of degrees of freedom f according to the standard confirms the hypothesis that the nature of the distribution of experimental data is close to the normal distribution law of independent random variables.
(7) since the obtained models were adequate to the experimental data, they can be used to predict the time of vibration treatment in combined working environments for any values of factors between the upper and lower levels.
Online since: January 2017
Authors: Jong Taek Yeom, Xu Jun Mi, Xiang Qian Yin, Hao Feng Xie, Xue Feng, Yan Feng Li, Lijun Peng
The hot compression tests (~ 50% height reduction) at different temperatures (800 ℃~1050 ℃) and different strain rates (0.01 S-1~10 S-1) were conducted in Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator.
During the deformation, the load-displacement (stress-strain)-temperature data were automatic recorded, and the sample was immediately quenched in water after the compression.
Because previous stidy [18] has shown that very slight difference between first heating correction and first frictional correction, the flow stresses data corrected by first the deformation heating and following friction correction order in present work.
And the corrected data is utilized for constitutive analysis and discussion in the further sections.
During the deformation, the load-displacement (stress-strain)-temperature data were automatic recorded, and the sample was immediately quenched in water after the compression.
Because previous stidy [18] has shown that very slight difference between first heating correction and first frictional correction, the flow stresses data corrected by first the deformation heating and following friction correction order in present work.
And the corrected data is utilized for constitutive analysis and discussion in the further sections.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Franco Bonollo, Elena Fiorese, Giorgio Kral, Eleonora Battaglia
Hence, by all of the biggest customers of the Aluminum foundry industry, there are the Automotive Manufacturers that aim to reduce the weights in order to fulfill the requirements for energy efficiency, cost savings and emission reduction.
Results and Discussion Data extraction from sensors.
Similar trends were extracted though the analysis of data collected by the sensor network installed on the Gear Box die.
With reference to each array, a higher data scattering was associated to less process repeatability and in turn, worse casting quality.
Results and Discussion Data extraction from sensors.
Similar trends were extracted though the analysis of data collected by the sensor network installed on the Gear Box die.
With reference to each array, a higher data scattering was associated to less process repeatability and in turn, worse casting quality.
Online since: May 2017
Authors: Amador Pérez-Tomás, Michael R. Jennings, Yogesh K. Sharma, David M. Martin, Philip Andrew Mawby, Fan Li, Stephen Russell, Oliver James Vavasour, Marc Walker
A reduction of C-C bonds mean fewer interface traps and higher channel mobility, as is the case for the dry and N2O oxidised samples.
From the ideal ratio: Si/C=1 (SiC) and Si/O=0.5 (SiO2), theoretical Si 2p bonds required for the experimental XPS C 1s and O 1s data are calculated and shown in Table 2.
Comparing the experimental Si 2p data and the calculated data, it can be seen that, for dry oxidised sample, the actual Si 2p bonds are fewer than required, which indicates that there are extra C-C bonds as mentioned before.
From the ideal ratio: Si/C=1 (SiC) and Si/O=0.5 (SiO2), theoretical Si 2p bonds required for the experimental XPS C 1s and O 1s data are calculated and shown in Table 2.
Comparing the experimental Si 2p data and the calculated data, it can be seen that, for dry oxidised sample, the actual Si 2p bonds are fewer than required, which indicates that there are extra C-C bonds as mentioned before.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Qing Guo Ma, Jun Feng Guo, Xiao Hui Yao, Wen Wei Qiu, Lin Feng Hu, Guan Xiong Pei
To better control the flow velocity, a massive body of academic literature laid great emphasis on assembly line design and layout, mixed-model sequencing, line balance (evolving from simple assembly line balancing to general assembly line balancing) , cost reduction and so on [2,3].
Measuring EEG data and duly adjusting the production rhythm can make it more suitable to workers’ cognitive habits in order to reduce workers’ mental workload.
With compact shape and extensible band, EEG data can be fast and conveniently acquired in varied complicated environments.
we set up normal criterions of corresponding cognitive neural state according to different production tasks (e.g., assembly, scheduling, creativity) based upon a large sample of previous data collection and systematic analysis, including gate control, automatic processing, orienting of attention, emotion regulation, cognitive decision making, etc.
Measuring EEG data and duly adjusting the production rhythm can make it more suitable to workers’ cognitive habits in order to reduce workers’ mental workload.
With compact shape and extensible band, EEG data can be fast and conveniently acquired in varied complicated environments.
we set up normal criterions of corresponding cognitive neural state according to different production tasks (e.g., assembly, scheduling, creativity) based upon a large sample of previous data collection and systematic analysis, including gate control, automatic processing, orienting of attention, emotion regulation, cognitive decision making, etc.