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Road conditions test in virtual driving system based on Cohen-Sutherland algorithm HuiSUNa , Yuzeng WANGb, Yalin LIc, Baizhen LId School of Mechanical Engineering University of Jinan Jinan City, China asunwanliu@163.com, bme_wangyz@ujn.edu.com, crongyu0216@sina.comdknight_lee1314@163.com Keywords: virtual driving; Cohen-Sutherland; windows clipping; boundary test; road conditions test Abstract.
Road modeling analysis Composition of road Road is written by a point data, reticule, lane composed of two-way data chain, which is shown in figure 1 shows. a) Points are basic data, by dashes, X, Y, Z and coding composition, the X, Y is said plane coordinates, Z is said elevation. b) Marking is of dots and lines with property, its attribute including line type, linear, and the color and so on; c) Lane is composed by two lines of planar region, two lines form a driveway.
Lane with property, such as carriageway, overtaking word; etc; d) Road by driveway and represent the centerline and sideline reticule composition.
This does not affect the virtual environment of verisimilitude and training effect of cases, we adopt NURBS curve simulated in the corner, the establishment of a unified corners of the mathematical model.
NURBS curve features: should control the vertex, node, the power factor flexibility to change curve, shape control convenient, interactive ability.

Another important requirement to outriggers structure consists in limitation of their mass and moment of inertia so that these characteristics would not affect the test results.
The mentioned values are determined depending on vehicle’s stability factor (SF) which in turn depends on the center of gravity height and width of the vehicle.
It was essential to properly define and set physical and mechanical characteristics of the materials that the outriggers were planned to be made of, as these parameters would be crucial for the faithful reproduction of the behavior of the outriggers under the influence of force action.
As it will be described further, necessary properties of stiffness and bearing capacity for outriggers can be achieved by the use of such materials as aluminum, high-alloy steel, titan or composites.

Many factors such as historical events, politics, economy and culture contributed in shaping the evolution of the manufacturing techniques.
In contrast to standard analytical techniques which mainly require sampling, neutron imaging and diffraction methods are established non-invasive scientific analytical tools for qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the composition and the properties of the bulk in Heritage materials [4-9].
A novel method, the Bragg-edge neutron transmission, combines imaging and diffraction to obtain a spatially resolved map of the microstructural properties of the bulk material.
In the attempt to assign the manufacturing tradition of the un-known sample, the data obtained from the well-known blades were used to build up a reference database of signatures properties, such as composition, porosities, residual stress, texture, inclusions, which are related to the manufacturing process.
Its value seems to be affected by a lot of texture variation, therefore part of it can be not just residual strain values, or change of lattice constant only due to change in composition.

Water Desalination Using Solar Energy Mohamed Antar Mechanical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran-31261, Saudi Arabia.
Solar radiation flux, wind speed, lower ambient temperature and water depth were the main parameters that affect the performance of the solar still.
Factors affecting solar still efficiency were analyzed by Cooper [42] who showed the upper limit of a solar still efficiency theoretically and experimentally.
It should be noted that the solution of the above coupled (heat and mass transfer) equations are very sensitive to various thermo-physical properties, the present solution procedure was based on variable properties (cP, µ, α, r, k, hfg, Pw, Pg…etc.) that are updated once any value of the temperatures is calculated.
The whole process efficiency is also affected by conduction heat loss through the membrane itself.

However, the cornea is also the most vulnerable portion of the ocular surface, and various factors, such as diseases (inflammations, dystrophies, or degenerations) and trauma (mechanical, thermal, or chemical), can lead to corneal disorders causing partial or total loss of vision.
This rationale is tenuous: both the pump function (fluid out) and the leak function (fluid in) would be affected by the placement of an artificial barrier, such providing little reason for the dehydration to occur preferentially.
In summarizing the procedure [68], Maurice concluded that the duration of seeding the cells to the donor stroma is the most important factor affecting the clinical success.
Recently, Hsiue and co-workers [61] confirmed that gelatin was an ideal substratum for HCECs, both in terms of cytocompatibility and mechanical properties.
These include the adenosine receptor able to stimulate adenylyl cyclase, with the resulting increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) enhancing the net transendothelial flux [124]; the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor [125] which may lead to the acetylcholine stimulation of the transendothelial potential difference and fluid transport [126]; and platelet activity factor (PAF) receptor that inhibits the flux on binding to PAF [127].

fatigue estimation theory to estimate total life and remaining life of the quayside container crane and grasp the structural’s ability of resistence to fatigue.The data that used in the estimation of fatigue life for quayside container crane including signals of measuring points obtained during testing and its total weight of handling since it put into use.There are two points should be noted: first, the state of quayside container crane can not be exactly the same during each loading and unloading process,so the fatigue testing data can not be a true reflection of the stress state of the structure during each loading and unloading;second, because equipment managers only record the cumulative crane’s history handling capacity, rather than the actual loading and unloading volume of each process,so it is inaccurate to calculate times of quayside container crane’s past handling based on the total handling capacity, rated load capacity and years it has been used.The inaccuracy of the data affects
Shanghai Maritime University researched and developed Crane Monitoring & Assessment System(CMAS),this system can real-time analyze mechanical dynamic performance of the structure and organization of large equipment[3].As CMAS is monitoring and obtaining changes of stress of quayside container crane’s structure every moment,therefore, actual stress changes of quayside container crane structural during each operation can be obtained.This also means that a true record of stress cycles can be acquired.
Equivalent stress amplitude is calculated by Good-man formula[5]: (1) (2) Where is amplitude of real-time stress signal, is limit of intensity of the material , is amplitude of static failure stress, is average stress value, is the amplitude of equivalent stress value, and 1.3 is dimension correction factor . 2.4 Calculations of the P-S-N curves of six Points According to JIS B 8821-2004 Fatigue properties of material generally represented by uniaxial stress - cycles :S-N curve(without considering fatigue theroy based on fracture mechanics).Material S-N curve is acquired by constant amplitude load test of standard sample under a specific stress cycle mode.

1Influence of microstructures on wettability on stainless steel Fu Ting1a, Tang Yong1b*, Guo Liang2c, Wan Zhen-ping1d, Luo Wen-jie1e 1School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, No.381, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, CN 510641, China 2School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, CN 510006, China afuting1234gh@163.com bytang@scut.edu.cn c15323310190@163.com dzhpwan@scut.edu.cn e1034373542@qq.com Corresponding author: TANG Yong, Professor, PhD; E-mail: Ytang@scut.edu.cn Keywords: Wettability Microstructure Contact angle Laser processing Abstract The influence of microstructures on wettability on stainless steel was investigated.
And surface properties were characterized and researched.
The apparent CAs with Wenzel and Cassie models were given by [9, 11, 12]: (1) (2) Where r is the roughness factor, f is the ratio of area contacting with the droplet of the rough surface to the project area, is the CA on the flat surface.
So the experiment results were affected by the machining error.

The CEB Mode Code [4] gives Dynamic Increase Factor (DIF) to consider the ratios of concrete and steel load-carrying capacity under dynamic and static loading conditions.
Using the Timoshenko beam theory, variation of impulsive loads, distributed mass and stiffness, as well as mechanical properties were coded into the FDM model to solve partial difference equations of motion of the structural element.
The design of structures to resist the affects of accidental explosions.

Introduction Predicting the conditions for the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) during hot deformation of metals remains a problem of great technological importance as alloy mechanical properties become severely affected by this phenomenon.
The axial stress is obtained by employing the Taylor relation [4]: σ = αMµb√ρ, where α = 0.3 is a constant and M = 3.0 is the Taylor factor.

In Printed electronic technology, conductive ink is a key factor.
Experimental instillation method and PVP content will affect the size of silver particles, and in the seven experiments shown in Tab.1, instillation method is different in I, II, III, and IV, whereas, the PVP content is not the same in V, VI, I, and VII.
After10 times tearing experiment using sealing tape, the ink layer was like intact, and after 6000 times friction on rubbing fastness tester, the ink layer was not damaged, which proved good mechanical properties of the ink.